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PMP Certification Bootcamp – Fast-Track 2025
PMI Exam Success with Expert-Curated Content
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In the communication process, a basic model of communication that exhibits how information is sent from the sender and how it is received by the receiver has all the following components EXCEPT: A. Sender B. Message and feedback message C. Urgency D. Noise - - correct ans- - Correct Option: C EXPLANATION Urgency is not included in the basic communication model but should be considered when determining the method of communication to be used. While overseeing a software engineering project, you find that one of the subcontractors failed to deliver on the last three projects. Upon further investigation, you learn that there are several complaints filed against this subcontractor and that they have a very bad reputation in the market. Realizing that is it too big a risk, you terminate the contract with the subcontractor and instead hire a couple of individuals to work on the components. Which risk response strategy did you use in this situation? A. Accept B. Transfer C. Mitigate D. Avoid - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D
EXPLANATION
Avoid is the elimination of the threat by eliminating the cause or changing the project management plan. Here, you utilized the avoid strategy by terminating the contract with the subcontractor to eliminate the threat to your project. Your management asked you to study the work method to determine a faster, less costly, and more efficient method to complete the project. This is an example of: A. Value engineering B. Resource leveling C. Schedule compression D. Learning curve - - correct ans- - Correct Option: A EXPLANATION Value engineering is mainly focused on finding a less costly way to do the same work and on achieving more out of the project in every possible way to increase the bottom line, decrease costs, improve quality, and optimize the schedule without reducing impacting the scope. Senior management has asked you to shorten your project schedule by 2 months by any means. In order to achieve the target, you added a couple of additional resources to the team and also approved unlimited overtime for the team members. You realize that you are taking the risk of potential conflicts and additional management time and cost to the project. The technique you are using is: A. Crashing B. Critical chain C. Critical path D. Fast tracking - - correct ans- - Correct Option: A
B. Document the change request as per the project scope management plan C. Perform an impact analysis on all project objectives such as scope, time, cost, quality, risk, and others D. Deny the request since it is too late in the project life cycle to incorporate any new change - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION The project manager should document the change request as per the project scope management plan and then submit the change request to the change control board once the impact analysis is completed. The change control board will either approve or deny the request. Which of the following determines if a project idea is realistic? A. Matrix study B. Demand study C. Case project study D. Feasibility study - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Feasibility study determines if a project is realistic or not. You have just completed developing the Schedule Network Diagram for a project that deals with building supersonic state-of-the-art Jet planes. You have identified your critical path which includes building a wind tunnel. You see that in addition there is another path which deals with building the tail of the plane, whose duration is close to the critical path. You also notice considerable floats on the other paths. You now need to assign resources to the tasks. You have a few team members who are highly skilled and a team of resources who are relatively inexperienced. What would be the best course of action while assigning resources? A. It is irrelevant which resources are assigned to tasks
B. Assign all the skilled resources to building the wind tunnel which is the critical path C, Assign the inexperienced staff to the task of building the wind tunnel D. Assign one half of the skilled resources to the task of buildi - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Options A and C are wrong. You should always ensure activities on the critical path do not get delayed. So, having the best equipped staff on critical path activities is important. Option B cannot be the BEST choice. If you assign all the experienced staff on building the wind tunnel, the critical path activities are taken care of but the question also states of a path which is near-critical-building of the tail. Not paying attention to this path by assigning inexperienced staff is not a good option. Among the choices, option D is the best fit, where you are paying attention to both the critical path and near- critical path by assigning your best and most skilled or experienced resources to the activities on both paths. As per Maslow's theory of Hierarchy of needs, which is the correct order of needs? A. Psychological, Physiological , Safety , Love/belonging , Esteem B. Safety , Love/belonging , Esteem, Self-actualization, Physiological C. Self-actualization , Love/belonging , Esteem, Safety, Physiological D. None of the above - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Option D is the correct answer. As per Maslow's theory of Hierarchical needs, the first need of humans is a basic need for survival (air, water, food, etc.). This need is termed Physiological. Once this need is met, the next need is the need of Safety and Security. This can be in the form of a Secure Job, Health, Insurance, etc. The next need is termed need of Love or Belonging. As per Maslow's theory, humans need to belong and find acceptance among their social groups. The fourth need is termed the need of Esteem-to be respected and valued by others. Once the above four needs are met, then the final one is Self-Actualization, which is the desire to accomplish. So, the correct order of
answer. While Gold Plating is related to change in scope it is generally done intentionally or knowingly for some strategic purpose. Scope creep relates to uncontrolled changes in product or projects scope and is often due to client interference. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding differences between administrative closure and contract closure? A. Contract closure is performed before administrative closure B. Administrative closure is not complete without Contract closure C. Administrative closure is done only once per phase or once for the project, while Procurement closure can be done as many times as needed depending on the number of contracts D. Lessons learned is performed only during administrative closure - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION All the options except Option D correctly state the differences between administrative and contract closure. Option D is not true since in both forms of closure, lessons learned are documented and updated to the Organizational Process Assets (OPA). When does Scope Verification occur? A. At the end of the project B. At the beginning of the project C. At the end of each phase of the project D. During Quality Control - - correct ans- - Correct Option: C EXPLANATION Scope Verification occurs at the end of each phase of the project. Option A relates to Product verification not Scope verification.
Your company has just bagged a project for electric cable layout and routing for a large shopping complex, and you have been tasked with providing the cost estimates. You choose to rely on your past experience of similar such projects. You breakdown the costs of the cables per foot and unit cost of cable trays. What type of cost estimating technique are you relying on? A. Analogous cost estimate B. Top-down cost estimate C. Bottom-up cost estimate D. Parametric estimates - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Parametric estimates is the correct choice. This is so because we have derived the cost per unit, cost of cables per feet, etc. Based on the unit cost, parametric estimates are used to determine an estimate of the total cost. In your current organization, from managing projects, you have graduated to portfolio management and have a number of project managers reporting to you. Your company has bagged a prestigious project, which is very similar to the one you had executed some years ago. You ask the current project manager to look up the lessons learned for the past project. Where would these be stored? A. Projects performance reports B. Projects status reports C. Projects record management system D. Organizational process assets - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION While all the options seem to be good choices, the best choice in this case would be Organizational Process Assets. Lessons learned are always a part of the Organizational process assets. It is such assets that enable an organization take informed decisions.
Both Bob and Kelly have power and authority. However the differentiator seems to be their level of interest. While Kelly is disinterested, Bob has a high level of interest in the project. Stakeholders who have a high level of interest and who wield a lot of authority or power should be Managed closely, in this case Bob. Stakeholders who have a low level of interest but who wield a lot of authority or power should be Kept satisfied, in this case Kelly. You are in charge of a software project, and you are almost 40% complete. The project stakeholders want a performance report till date. You had planned to use Earned Value Management methodology. You come up with the following numbers: EV = 300 AC = 100 PV = 150 BAC = 600 ETC 300. You and your team are very confident of continuing at the same rate as till now. The project has not faced any major issues and you and your team's confidence level is high that the project would complete without any hiccups. Based on this information, what would be the EAC for the project? A. 400 B. 200 C. 400 D. 106 - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION The correct answer is B. The question states that issues or lack of them experienced in the project are expected to continue. So here, the past performance is expected to continue. So, the formula: EAC = BAC / CPI. CPI = EV / AC = 300 / 100 = 3 EAC = 600 / 3 =
A project is ahead of schedule when: A. CPI > 1 B. SPI > 1 C. CPI and SPI > 1 D. SPI less than 1 - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B
EXPLANATION
SPI = EV / PV. If the EV is greater than PV, then SPI > 1, which means the project is ahead of schedule. Which of the following is NOT true regarding starting a project without a formal approved project charter? A. There is a risk of constant change B. There is no risk of greater number of changes and disruption C. Managing expectations of different stakeholders can be an increased challenge D. The project manager will be undermined since the project manager would lack formal authority - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION Options A, C, and D correctly state the disadvantages of starting a project without a formal approved charter. These are the very reasons why a project should not be started without an approved charter. The correct answer to the question is option B since it incorrectly states that there is no risk of increased changes without an approved project charter. You have a large complex project to deliver, and you are evaluating different motivational strategies to motivate your team to get the job done. You subscribe to the belief that to get things done and to motivate staff, they must be rewarded with monetary rewards. You believe that by rewarding employees they would get motivated. Which of the following motivational theories are you applying? A. Herzberg's hygiene theory B. Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs C. Expectancy theory D. Theory of coercion - - correct ans- - Correct Option: C
B. Project Scope Statement C. Project Management Plan D. Work Breakdown Structure Dictionary - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION WBS Dictionary provides details of the work to be done. A relatively new project manager, Linda, joins your company. You have assigned her to handle a project that deals with laying out of electrical cables. One day she informs you that some government body has been sending her a lot of queries related to the project and its layout. It seems that the government body was not considered a stakeholder by her. You decide to review the list of identified Stakeholders, so you ask her to provide you with the comprehensive list. Where should this information be found? A. Project Management Plan B. Stakeholder Management Plan C. Stakeholder Engagement Matrix D. Stakeholder Register - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Stakeholder register contains details of stakeholders, such as name, location, etc. and their expectations, interest, and influence. It also provides information as to whether they are internal or external, supportive or in resistance, or neutral. So, the best source of information regarding stakeholders is the Stakeholder Register which is option D. Project Quality Management includes: A. Customer satisfaction B. Prevention over inspection C. Continuous improvement
D. All of the above - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Project Quality Management includes Customer satisfaction, Prevention over inspection, Continuous improvement and Management responsibility. As a project manager of a large product, you and your team have shipped the deliverables to your customer. However, the customer has reported a number of serious issues in the quality of deliverables. As a result of this, the cost of quality of your project is deemed high. In the above scenario, which type of cost would have caused the cost of quality to increase? A. Less Rework B. Higher productivity C. Lower costs D. Increased stakeholder satisfaction - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Options A, B, and C are benefits of meeting Quality Requirements. The question states what has contributed to increased cost of Quality. As the stakeholder is not satisfied with the deliverables, there is rework involved. There is an impact on productivity and increase in cost. It also decreases stakeholder satisfaction. So, amongst the choices, option D is the correct option. Which of the following is not a Risk Identification tool or technique? A. Risk Register B. Documentation Reviews C. Brainstorming D. Interviewing - - correct ans- - Correct Option: A
You have the responsibility to provide accurate, truthful representations concerning your qualifications, experience, and performance of services to a company. Of the following baselines, which is not a part of the Project Management Plan? A. Scope Baseline B. Quality Baseline C. Cost Baseline D. Schedule Baseline - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION The project management plan contains the following baselines: Scope, Schedule, and Cost. In fact, there is no such baseline as a Quality Baseline. One of your project managers, Mary, reports that her project has hit a roadblock. You are surprised since just the previous week, on reviewing the project, everything seemed to be on track. She explains that a team member has identified a problem that was never envisioned in the risk identification process. Based on the analysis, the impact would be on the cost to rectify the issue. What would be the best course of action? A. Add this risk with its impact and probability to the Risk register B. Use the Management reserve to correct the issue C. Use the Contingency reserve to correct the issue D. Schedule a meeting with stakeholders and explain the problem - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION The best course of immediate action on identifying a risk is to add it to the risk register along with its probability and impact. That is applicable for risks and not issues. In this case, the risk has already occurred. It is no longer a risk; its a reality, an issue. While scheduling a meeting is an option, its not the best choice. Being a project manager, you
are empowered and calling up meetings every time you run into issues would not be looked upon favorably. The correct answer is using the management reserve which is meant for unknown risks. Contingency reserves are meant to be used for known risks. You are managing a project that is scheduled to run for an entire year. Things were looking good after the first two months. However, due to some mistakes made by the construction crew at the end of the third month, you realize that the expected work to be completed at this stage is not complete. As a result, the project is behind schedule and is also over budget. However, there are stiff penalties in the contract if the project is not complete within the stipulated timelines. Your senior management as a result has committed to additional staff to the project if required. What would be the Estimate at Completion for this project? A. EAC = BAC/CPI B. EAC = AC + BAC - EV C. EAC = AC + (BAC - EV/(CPI * SPI ) D. EAC = AC + Bottom-up Estimate - - correct ans- - Correct Option: C EXPLANATION Option A is to be used if past CPI is expected to continue. Option B is to be used if future work is going to be performed at the planned rate. Option C is to be used if deadlines must be met and both CPI and SPI influence remaining work. Here, the project must be completed within stipulated timelines. Option D is to be used when the initial plan is no longer valid, which is not the case here. Choose the true statement regarding Management Reserves and Contingency Reserves A. Management reserves are part of Cost Baseline, but Contingency reserves are not B. Contingency Reserves are for unknown unknowns C. Management Reserves are for known unknowns D. None of the above - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION
EXPLANATION
This represents a Projectized Organization structure. In a Projectized organization, teams are disbanded at the end of the project. In a Functional organization, teams report to the Functional manager and are never disbanded. They continue in their own departments and continue to report to the Functional Manager. A weak matrix organization is very similar to a Functional Organization, and role of Project Manager is limited. In a balanced matrix organization, staff reports to a Project manager and a Functional Manager. In the question, there is no mention of a functional manager, so Balanced Matrix is also not the correct option. A project is over budget when: A. CPI > 1 B. SPI > 1 C. CPI and SPI > 1 D. CPI < 1 - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION CPI = EV/AC. If the EV is less than AC, then CPI less than 1, which means the project is over budget. You are in the process of determining how long it would take to complete your project. What would be the best tool to use in this case? A. WBS B. Activity List C. Root Cause Analysis D. Network Diagram - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION
A Network Diagram is the best choice to identify the Activity Duration. You are in charge of a large software development project. As a part of the project schedule, it was planned to complete two core components by the end of October. You are now in August, and you realize that the project is falling behind schedule. You do a quick review and decide that the schedule can be met by adding additional staff to the activities on the critical path. This is an example of: A. Fast Tracking B. Resource Levelling C. Crashing D. Scope Creep - - correct ans- - Correct Option: C EXPLANATION As the project is falling behind schedule and deliveries cannot be impacted, the manager has chosen to add additional resources to activities on the critical path. This is an example of Crashing. NOTE that crashing may result in increased risk and rework. Comparing target dates with the actual or forecast start and finish dates is called: A. Variance Analysis B. Earned Value C. Progress Reporting D. Crashing - - correct ans- - Correct Option: A EXPLANATION Variance Analysis: Comparing target dates with the actual or forecast start and finish dates.
