Physiology Lecture 6- Vision Exam Latest

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fibrous layer - Answer outermost, avascular; sclera and cornea

sclera - Answer fibrous layer; tough, outer layer; white of the eye

cornea - Answer fibrous layer; anterior portion; transparent

vascular layer (uvea) - Answer middle layer; contains blood vessels; contains choroid,

ciliary muscle, and iris

choroid - Answer vascular layer; helps to nourish the inner layer of the eye

ciliary body - Answer vascular layer; produces aqueous humor; contains: ciliary muscle

and iris

ciliary muscle - Answer connected to the lens via the suspensory ligaments; function:

changes shape of the lens

lens - Answer used to focus the light on the retina

iris - Answer part of the ciliary body in the vascular layer; a pigmented, donut of muscle;

the hole=pupil; function: regulated the amount of light entering the eye using the

constrictor pupillae and dilator pupillae

retina - Answer innermost; two parts: contains the retinal pigmented epithelium and the

neural layer photoreceptors, fovea, and optic disk

retinal pigmented epithelium - Answer in the retina; next to the choroid; contains

melanin (a dark protein); function: absorbs light to prevent it from reflecting back

across the retina

neural layer - Answer in the retina; it is comprised of 3 layers: (1) inner layer of ganglion

cells, (2) middle layer of bipolar, amacrine, and horizontal cells, (3) outer layer of

photoreceptors; 2 types of photoreceptors: rods and cones= neurons involved with

phototransduction

photoreceptors - Answer rods and cones

rods and cones - Answer neurons involved with phototransduction

transduction - Answer the conversion of light energy to electrical energy

fovea - Answer indention in the retina; contains only cones, the area that has the best

visual acuity

optic disk - Answer in the retina; blind spot; no photoreceptors here