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Physical Therapy Jurisprudence Exam
2025 Physical Therapy Final Exam
Difference between left and right sided heart failure - Correct Ans :
โ
Right side: pedal edema (swelling in feet)
Left side: pulmonary edema (fluid around lungs)
Myocardial infarction? what is CABG? - Correct Ans : โ
heart attack-clot prevents blood reaching heart muscle
CABG-coraonary artery bypass grafting
What is COPD signs and symptoms - Correct Ans : โ
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
-chronic bronchitis
-emphysema
-asthma
-cystic fibrosis
What is restrictive lung disease signs and symptoms - Correct Ans :
โ
๏ท Non productive cough ๏ท shortness of breath (dyspnea) ๏ท increased breathing rate
๏ท increased energy required to breathe
Different kinds of interventions - Correct Ans : โ
๏ท Modalities-ice, heat, ultrasound ๏ท Manual Techniques-soft tissue mobilizations ๏ท Joint mobilization-cracking back ๏ท Therapeutic-Stretching
What is sports PT - Correct Ans : โ
Specialized practice that focuses on prevention, evaluation, treatment, rehabilitation and performance enhancement of the physically active individual
What is the Y-test - Correct Ans : โ
compares length of leg with the distance reached. 3 directions measured
What is the female athlete triad - Correct Ans : โ
๏ท Disordered eating ๏ท Amenorrhea ๏ท Osteoporosis
What makes up the CNS vs PNS - Correct Ans : โ
CNS: Brain and spinal cord
PNS: Peripheral nerves
What are executors of movement - Correct Ans : โ
muscles, bones, joints
Definition MS - Correct Ans : โ
Multiple Sclerosis-immune system eats away at protective covering of nerves disrupting flow of information to brain
Symptoms-Visual issues, sensory problems, weakness, fatigue, balance issues, speech disturbance
Definition of PD and symptoms - Correct Ans : โ
Parkinsons disease-results from deficiency in dopamine production in the basal ganglia
Symptoms: affects CNS with movements. resting tremor and rigidity, bradykinesia, akinesia
ALS and exercise prescription - Correct Ans : โ
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: rapidly progressive neurological disorder associated with degeneration of motor neurons
ADL vs IADL - Correct Ans : โ
ADL- activities of daily living-basic self care tasks, feeding grooming
IADLs-instrumental activities of daily living-shopping, preparing meals
MS and neuro changes relate to aging - Correct Ans : โ
Decreased strength, decreased flexibility, weak bones
Neuro changes-slower movements, reduced visual and auditory acuity, impaired sense of touch
Impact of bed rest - Correct Ans : โ
1 - 5% strength is lost
DEXA - Correct Ans : โ
duel energy x-ray absorptiometry-measures bone mineral density
Dowagers hump - Correct Ans : โ
forward curving of the spine caused by collapse of the font edges of the thoracic vertebrae
Overall goal of geriatric PT - Correct Ans : โ
Skills to independently perform activities of daily living
Palliative vs. hospice - Correct Ans : โ
Palliative-used for any stage of illness, whether curable or not
Hospice-only applies to those patients determined to have less than 6 months to live
Goal of peds PT - Correct Ans : โ
facilitate motor development, function, strength, ease caregiving
Clubfoot - Correct Ans : โ
foot turned inward and slanted upward. causes shortened muscles
Scoliosis - Correct Ans : โ
lateral curvature of spine
Chromosomal disorders - Correct Ans : โ
cystic fibrosis, down syndrome
Environmental - Correct Ans : โ
cerebral palsy, fetal alcohol syndrome
Milestones - Correct Ans : โ
Newborns: flexed position reflexes
2-3 months: Prone prop, rolling
4-5: prone on extended elbows, head control
6-7: Sit independently
8-9: 4 point, creeping
10-12: cruising, stand alone
12-15: walling
16-24: squatting throw and kick a ball
what is back to sleep, tummy to play and why is it important -
Correct Ans : โ
prgram to reduce sudden infant death syndrome
Alone
Back
Crib
What are examples of PEDS interventions - Correct Ans : โ
play is therapeutic
social situations are therapeutic
casting and orthotics
positioning
adaptive equipment
Function of integumentary system - Correct Ans : โ
largest organ of body
-protective organ
-serves role in temp control
-provides sensory info
what is in each layer of the skin - Correct Ans : โ
Epidermis- outermost layer of skin. acts as protective barrier
Dermis-made of connective tissue. Contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, follicles
Subcutaneous-provides padding and insulation for body. binds skin to organ
How to examine a wound - Correct Ans : โ
location
size
depth
description
Disorder of arterial and venous insufficiency - Correct Ans : โ
neuropathic ulcer - Correct Ans : โ
Pressure ulcer in the diabetic foot...
rule of 9s - Correct Ans : โ
What are coronary arteries and what is CAD - Correct Ans : โ
Coronary arteries-arteries that carry blood to the heart
CAD-coronary artery disease
Ischemia and what does it result in - Correct Ans : โ
occurs when the hearts blood demand exceeds blood supply.
What is CHF - Correct Ans : โ
congestive heart failure- when the heart is not pumping blood efficiently
What is the progression of the Disablement model - Correct Ans : โ
Active Pathology (RTC tear)
Impairment (decreased ROM)
Functional Limitation (can't reach into cabinets)
Disability-Cant work as landscaper
What is the definition of a physical therapist - Correct Ans : โ
Physical therapists are movement experts and work with a variety of patients and conditions with the goal of treatment to improve and maximize a persons functional ability
What is the order of the patient/client management model - Correct
Ans : โ
Examination
Evaluation
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Interventions
Outcomes
Where did PT start? Founder? - Correct Ans : โ
Mary McMillan, Europe
Degrees that physical therapists have - Correct Ans : โ
DPT for clinical experience
PhD for research
DPT for clinical/professional
(PTA) - Correct Ans : โ
Physical therapy assistant
2 year associates degree
Doctor of Medicine - Correct Ans : โ
MD, DO
Inpatient rehab-3 hours of PT,OT and Speech therapy every day
SNF-24 hour nursing staff
Home Health-When patient no longer needs constant medical supervision but need more PT to return to full function
Outpatient-patient makes an appointment for therapy and comes to the facility
Tendon vs. Ligament - Correct Ans : โ
Tendon connects muscle to bone
Ligament connects bone to bone to help stabilize joint
Different kinds of muscle contraction - Correct Ans : โ
Isometric
Isotonic
Concentric
Eccentric
Isokinetic
Isometric - Correct Ans : โ
no change in joint angle
Isotonic - Correct Ans : โ
change is joint angle
Concentric - Correct Ans : โ
muscle is shortening while contracting
Eccentric - Correct Ans : โ
muscle is lengthening while contracting
Isokinetic - Correct Ans : โ
contract muscle at a constant velocity/speed against resistance
PROM - Correct Ans : โ
Passive range of motion (PT moves patients body)
AROM - Correct Ans : โ
Active range of motion (patient voluntarily contracts muscle)
AAROM - Correct Ans : โ
Active Assisted Range (Patient receives assistance from PT or equipment while voluntarily contracting muscle)
Broncho- - Correct Ans : โ
lower windpipe
Angio, Vaso- - Correct Ans : โ
vessels
Phlebo, Veno- - Correct Ans : โ
veins
