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PHYS |\ 261 |\FINAL |\EXAM |\with |\correct |\
answers
Match |\each |\term |\with |\its |\definition. A. |\cardiac |\output |(CO) B. |\heart |\rate |(HR) C. |\end-diastolic |\volume |(EDV) D. |\stroke |\volume |(SV) E. |\end-systolic |\volume |
(ESV)the |\volume |\of |\blood |\pumped |\out |\of |\the |\heart |\from |\one |
ventricle |\during |\one |\contraction |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโD. |\stroke |
volume |(SV) The |\rapid |\depolarization |\phase |\of |\the |\action |\potentials |\of |
myocardial |\contractile |\cells |\is |\due |\to |\which |\ion(s)? Ca2+ |\only K+ |\only Na+ |\only both |\Ca2+ |\and |\K+
both |\Na+ |\and |\K+ |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโNa+ |\only Match |\each |\term |\with |\its |\definition. A. |\cardiac |\output |(CO) B. |\heart |\rate |(HR) C. |\end-diastolic |\volume |(EDV) D. |\stroke |\volume |(SV) E. |\end-systolic |\volume |(ESV) the |\volume |\of |\blood |\in |\the |\ventricle |\available |\to |\be |\pumped |\out |\of |
the |\heart |\during |\one |\contraction |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโc. |\end- diastolic |\volume |(EDV) Match |\each |\term |\with |\its |\definition. A. |\cardiac |\output |(CO) B. |\heart |\rate |(HR) C. |\end-diastolic |\volume |(EDV) D. |\stroke |\volume |(SV) E. |\end-systolic |\volume |(ESV)
gravity pressure osmotic volume |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโpressure Which |\would |\NOT |\cause |\an |\increase |\in |\blood |\pressure? an |\increase |\in |\arterial |\resistance a |\decrease |\in |\cardiac |\output a |\decrease |\in |\arterial |\diameter an |\increase |\in |\sympathetic |\activity |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโa |
decrease |\in |\cardiac |\output Match |\the |\name |\of |\the |\wave |\with |\the |\correlated |\event. A. |\P |\wave B. |\QRS |\complex C. |\T |\wave D. |\PR |\segment E. |\ST |\segment
ventricular |\depolarization |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโB. |\QRS |\complex The |\function |\of |\transverse |\tubules |\is |\to a. |\conduct |\ATP |\molecules |\out |\of |\the |\mitochondria |\throughout |\the |
sarcoplasm. b. |\ensure |\a |\supply |\of |\glycogen |\throughout |\the |\muscle |\sarcoplasm. c. |\store |\Ca2+ |\ions |\inside |\the |\muscle |\fiber. d. |\rapidly |\move |\action |\potentials |\to |\the |\interior |\of |\the |\muscle |\fiber. |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโd. |\rapidly |\move |\action |\potentials |\to |\the |
interior |\of |\the |\muscle |\fiber. Which |\is |\greater? a. |\blood |\pressure |\when |\the |\peripheral |\vessels |\constrict b. |\blood |\pressure |\when |\the |\peripheral |\vessels |\dilate |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\โโa. |\blood |\pressure |\when |\the |\peripheral |\vessels |
constrict The |\P |\wave |\of |\an |\ECG |\corresponds |\to a. |\the |\progressive |\wave |\of |\ventricular b. |\depolarization.
d. |\Increased |\sympathetic |\signaling |\and |\increased |\cardiac |\output |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโd. |\Increased |\sympathetic |\signaling |\and |
increased |\cardiac |\output This |\protein |\is |\activated |\by |\the |\Ca2+-calmodulin |\complex |\to |
phosphorylate |\the |\myosin |\light |\chain |\protein. a. |\myosin |\heavy |\chain b. |\myosin |\light |\chain |\phosphatase c. |\tropomyosin d. |\myosin |\light |\chain |\kinase |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโd. |\myosin |
light |\chain |\kinase In |\which |\situation |\would |\end-systolic |\volume |(ESV) |\be |\the |\greatest? a. |\when |\parasympathetic |\stimulation |\of |\the |\heart |\is |\increased b. |\when |\the |\intracellular |\stores |\of |\calcium |\are |\increased c. |\when |\the |\force |\of |\myocardial |\contraction |\is |\increased d. |\when |\stroke |\volume |\is |\increased e. |\when |\sympathetic |\stimulation |\of |\the |\heart |\is |\increased |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโa. |\when |\parasympathetic |\stimulation |\of |\the |
heart |\is |\increased
Striated |\muscles |\are |\so-called |\because |\of |\a |\repeating |\pattern |\of |
light |\and |\dark |\bands. |\One |\repeating |\unit |\of |\the |\banding |\pattern |\is |
called |\a a. |\myofilament. b. |\sarcomere. c. |\crossbridge. d. |\myomere. e. |\sarcofibril. |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโb. |\sarcomere. The |\contraction |\cycle |\is |\initiated |\by |\the |\rise |\in |________ |\released |
from |\the |\sarcoplasmic |\reticulum |(SR). a. |\Ca2+ b. |\Na+ c. |\K+ |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโa. |\Ca2+ The |\cardiac |\output |\is |\equal |\to |\the a. |\stroke |\volume |\less |\the |\end-systolic |\volume. b. |\difference |\between |\the |\stroke |\volume |\at |\rest |\and |\the |\stroke |
volume |\during |\exercise.
Match |\the |\structure |\to |\its |\description. A. |\muscle |\spindles B. |\Golgi |\tendon |\organs C. |\both |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโA. |\muscle |\spindles The |\action |\potential |\traveling |\along |\the |\t-tubule |\changes |\the |
conformation |\of |\the a. |\Ca2+ |\ATPase. b. |\ryanodine |\receptor. c. |\acetylcholine |\receptor. d. |\dihydropyridine |(DHP) |\receptor |(L-type |\calcium |\channel). |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโd. |\dihydropyridine |(DHP) |\receptor |(L-type |
calcium |\channel). Restoring |\lost |\fluid |\from |\the |\capillaries |\back |\to |\the |\circulatory |
system |\is |\one |\of |\the |\major |\functions |\of |\the |________ |\system. a. |\thirst-quenching b. |\lymphatic c. |\urinary d. |\digestive
e. |\immune |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโb. |\lymphatic An |\increase |\in |\plasma |\potassium |\levels |\is |\properly |\called a. |\hyperkalemia. b. |\hyperpotassemia. c. |\hypercalcemia. d. |\hypernatremia. e. |\hyperpotasseplasmia. |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโa. |\hyperkalemia. Chief |\cells |\secrete a. |\hydrochloric |\acid. b. |\pepsinogen. c. |\gastrin. d. |\intrinsic |\factor. e. |\mucus. |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโb. |\pepsinogen. The |\hormone |\vasopressin a. |\stimulates |\the |\kidneys |\to |\retain |\water. b. |\stimulates |\the |\kidneys |\to |\produce |\a |\large |\volume |\of |\urine.
The |\hormone |\vasopressin a. |\is |\secreted |\by |\the |\anterior |\pituitary |\gland |\in |\response |\to |\changes |\in |\blood |\osmolarity. b. |\stimulates |\the |\kidneys |\to |\retain |\sodium |\ions. c. |\stimulates |\the |\kidneys |\to |\produce |\a |\large |\volume |\of |\urine. d. |\stimulates |\the |\kidneys |\to |\retain |\water. e. |\All |\of |\the |\answers |\are |\correct. |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโd. |
stimulates |\the |\kidneys |\to |\retain |\water. Dehydration |\leads |\to |__________ |\blood |\volume, |__________ |\blood |
pressure, |\and |__________ |\osmolarity. a. |\decreased; |\decreased; |\increased b. |\decreased; |\increased; |\increased c. |\decreased; |\increased; |\decreased e. |\increased; |\decreased; |\increased |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโa. |
decreased; |\decreased; |\increased G |\cells |\of |\the |\stomach |\secrete a. |\enterokinase.
b. |\gastrin. c. |\pepsin. d. |\cholecystokinin. e. |\secretin. |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโb. |\gastrin. Increased |\angiotensin |\II |\levels |\would |\result |\in |\increased a. |\blood |\volume. b. |\retention |\of |\water. c. |\blood |\pressure. d. |\retention |\of |\sodium |\ions |\at |\the |\kidney. e. |\All |\of |\these |\effects. |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโe. |\All |\of |\these |
effects. The |\Bowman's |\capsule |\and |\glomerulus |\make |\up |\the a. |\renal |\corpuscle. b. |\renal |\papilla. c. |\collecting |\system. d. |\renal |\pyramid. e. |\loop |\of |\Henle. |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโa. |\renal |\corpuscle.
movement |\from |\the |\glomerulus |\to |\the |\nephron |\lumen |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\โโB. |\filtration Bile |\salts |\aid |\in |\the |\digestion |\of |\fats |\by |________ |\large |\fat |\droplets. a. |\generating b. |\absorbing c. |\emulsifying d. |\digesting |\fats |\within |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโc. |\emulsifying The |\hormone |\that |\directly |\controls |\water |\reabsorption |\by |\the |
kidneys |\is a. |\ADH |\vasopressin. b. |\aldosterone. c. |\epinephrine. d. |\ANP. e. |\angiotensin. |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโa. |\ADH |\vasopressin. Bile |\is |\secreted |\from |\the |________ |\and |\stored |\in |\the |________.
a. |\pancreas, |\hepatocytes b. |\hepatocytes, |\pancreas c. |\gallbladder, |\liver d. |\liver, |\gallbladder |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโd. |\liver, |\gallbladder A |\patient |\had |\an |\opioid |\overdose |\causing |\respiratory |\depression. |
Which |\would |\you |\expect |\for |\kidney |\compensation? a. |\Decreased |\hydrogen |\ion |\excretion |\because |\of |\respiratory |\acidosis b. |\Increased |\hydrogen |\ion |\excretion |\and |\increased |\bicarbonate |\ion |
reabsorption c. |\Increased |\hydrogen |\ion |\excretion |\because |\of |\respiratory |\alkalosis d. |\Increased |\hydrogen |\ion |\reabsorption |\and |\increased |\bicarbonate |
ion |\excretion |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโb. |\Increased |\hydrogen |\ion |
excretion |\and |\increased |\bicarbonate |\ion |\reabsorption Match |\each |\step |\in |\urine |\formation |\to |\its |\description. A. |\excretion B. |\filtration C. |\reabsorption D. |\secretion
A. |\pancreas B. |\pylorus C. |\rectum D. |\small |\intestine E. |\stomach chyme |\is |\released |\from |\here |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโE. |\stomach In |\a |\normal |\kidney, |\which |\condition |\would |\increase |\glomerular |
filtration |\rate |(GFR)? a. |\constriction |\of |\the |\afferent |\arteriole b. |\a |\decrease |\in |\the |\net |\glomerular |\filtration |\pressure c. |\an |\increase |\in |\the |\hydrostatic |\pressure |\in |\Bowman's |\capsule d. |\a |\decrease |\in |\the |\concentration |\of |\plasma |\proteins |\in |\the |\blood e. |\a |\decrease |\in |\the |\hydrostatic |\pressure |\of |\the |\glomerulus |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโd. |\a |\decrease |\in |\the |\concentration |\of |\plasma |\proteins |\in |\the |\blood ACE |\converts
a. |\renin |\to |\aldosterone. b. |\angiotensin |\I |\to |\angiotensin |\II. c. |\angiotensin |\II |\to |\aldosterone. d. |\renin |\to |\angiotensinogen. e. |\angiotensinogen |\to |\angiotensin |\I. |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\โโb. |
angiotensin |\I |\to |\angiotensin |\II. A |\patient |\has |\a |\tumor |\that |\secretes |\high |\levels |\of |\aldosterone. |
Which |\would |\you |\expect? a. |\Hyperkalemia |\and |\decreased |\potassium |\in |\urine b. |\Hyperkalemia |\and |\increased |\potassium |\in |\urine c. |\Hypokalemia |\and |\decreased |\potassium |\in |\urine d. |\Hypokalemia |\and |\increased |\potassium |\in |\urine |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\โโd. |\Hypokalemia |\and |\increased |\potassium |\in |\urine An |\enzyme |\that |\will |\digest |\proteins |\into |\amino |\acids |\is a. |\maltase. b. |\nuclease. c. |\amylase. d. |\lipase.
