Download Biology Terms: Eukaryotic Cells, Triploblasts, Eucoelomates, Metamerism, and Anatomy and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
eukaryotic
has a nucleus in cells TERM 2
triploblastic
DEFINITION 2 having 3 primary germ layers:1. ectoderm2. mesoderm3. endoderm germ layers form during gastrulation of blastula TERM 3
eucoelomate
DEFINITION 3 having a mesoderm lined coelum (body cavity) where internal organs are suspendedeu=truecoelo= space/cavity TERM 4
metamerism
DEFINITION 4 body divided into similar segments animals with metamerism are called somites TERM 5
notochord
DEFINITION 5 just ventral to nerve chord induces nerve chord formation during development persists into adults in lancelets, hagfish but NOT in most other chordates
pharyngeal pouch
pockets or holes in the throat present in chordata and hemichordata ONLY form on endodermal side between branchial arches become gills in fish TERM 7
pharyngeal arch
DEFINITION 7 develop into branchial arches or gill arches 6 arches in total TERM 8
subpharyngeal gland
DEFINITION 8 embryonic outgrouth of pharynx becomes endostyle in cephlochordates or thyroid concentrates iodine TERM 9
endostyle
DEFINITION 9 elongated ciliated groove in pharynx floor of tunicates and amphioxus mucus producing gland present in ALL stages of cephlochordates forms by evagination TERM 10
thyroid
DEFINITION 10 controls basal metabolic rate of cells produces thyroxin endocrine gland produced from floor of pharynx forms from evagination
neural crest
pair of ridges of ectodermal cells that develop along the top of the neural tube as the neural folds close derived character of craniates gives rise to skeleton, pigment cells, sensory neurons, dentine cells, adrenal medulla, pharyngeal skeleton similar to pluripotent stem cells unique embryonic tissue TERM 17
ectodermal placodes
DEFINITION 17 originate from primary germ layer neurogenic + lens placodes sensory placodes form by invagination of ectoderm into underlying mesoderm TERM 18
protostomes
DEFINITION 18 stoma = mouth coelomates that blastopore forms or contributes to the mouth mollusks, annelids, arthopods NOT a clade coelomates that blastopore forms or contributes to mouth mollusks, annelids, arthopods not a clade TERM 19
deuterostomes
DEFINITION 19 dueteros=second coelomate animals in which the stomadaeum rather than blastopore(becomes anus) forms in adult mouth echinoderms and chordates TERM 20
Pikaia
DEFINITION 20 genus name 530 million years old had myomeres attached to notochord had structure similar to post anal tail
absolute time
time measured in years using radiometric dating TERM 22
relative time
DEFINITION 22 the relative occurance of events through time comparison of absolute time stratographic dating index fossils geomorphology fission track dating TERM 23
Precambrian time
DEFINITION 23 has very few fossils 4500-590 million years ago TERM 24
Phanerozoic time
DEFINITION 24 after Precambrian involves all life on earth 590-present TERM 25
Cenozoic
Era
DEFINITION 25 geologic time ranging from about 65 million years before present-present includes Tertiary and Quarternary
cladogenesis
evolutionary splitting event in a species where each branch forms a clade process of adaptive evolution successive rounds of speciation TERM 32
agagenesis
DEFINITION 32 evolutionary change with no splitting of lineage TERM 33
convergence
DEFINITION 33 the acquisition of the same biological trait in unrelated lineages ex: wings analogous structures NOT homologous TERM 34
extinction
DEFINITION 34 end of species TERM 35
taxon
DEFINITION 35 group of (one or more) organisms
taxa
plural of taxon multiple groups of organisms TERM 37
phylogeny
DEFINITION 37 evolutionary development and history of a species or higher taxonomic grouping of organisms TERM 38
cladistic analysis
DEFINITION 38 system of biological taxonomy based on quantitative analysis of comparative data and used to reconstruct cladograms TERM 39
ancestral state
DEFINITION 39 original species that another branched off of share traits TERM 40
derived state
DEFINITION 40 trait not shared with common ancestor
paraphyletic group
taxa that consists of all the descendants of closest common ancestor minus one or more monophyletic groups TERM 47
ammocoetes
DEFINITION 47 lampreys jawless fish TERM 48
Arachaeopteryx
DEFINITION 48 Urvogel theropod dinosaur oldest known bird
