PHI 208 FINAL EXAM PERFECT SCORE VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2022/2023, Exams of Nursing

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PHI 208 FINAL EXAM PERFECT SCORE VERIFIED

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Question 2

1 / 1 pts

Paulette is a philosopher who is trying to evaluate the strength of a major moral theory. As such, which of the following questions is Paulette LEAST likely to ask about the theory?

Does this theory reflect our understanding of what it means to be human?

Does this theory explain why we ought to respect a particular set of moral standards?

Does this theory offer us good answers to ethical questions?

Does this theory avoid the frustration that can come with exploring ethical issues?

Nafi, a cultural anthropologist, believes that at least some moral truths are independent of the values and beliefs of any particular culture or individual. What is the term for Nafi’s belief?

moral objectivity

moral relativism

Question 1

1 / 1 pts

moral subjectivism

An attempt to formulate general ethical rules.

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Question 5

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Question 6

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Doubt that moral systems are truly objective or unconditional.

Reasoning that supports criticisms of moral claims.

Alternative explanations for why people believe the moral claims that they do.

“Meta” can be translated as all of the following concepts EXCEPT

“behind”

“over”

“above”

“against”

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Question 7

1 / 1 pts

Charlotte’s guilt is the appropriate response to the objective wrong of stealing.

Charlotte is conditioned by society to feel bad about certain behaviors.

Charlotte, like most people, naturally cares about justice more than anything else.

Charlotte has failed to respect the fact that she deserves her poverty while the other man deserves his wealth.

Skepticism MOST closely falls under which branch of ethical theory?

applied ethics.

normative ethics.

metaethics.

Question 8

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consequentialist ethics.

In Plato’s Republic , what service does Glaukon do for Socrates?

ethical relativism is false.

the speaker is unwilling to learn from others.

there is no position at all from which to reasonably judge things right or wrong.

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Question 11

1 / 1 pts

What constitutes an argument, in the context of philosophy?

a set of claims and the reasons supporting them

a heated debate

an unanswerable question

a civilized disagreement

What is NOT one of the assumptions that may lead someone to avoid thinking critically about moral issues?

That because there are multiple opinions, each one must be equally valid

That if we cannot be certain about a moral position, we cannot judge it better or worse than others.

Question 10

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egoism

metaethics

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Question 12

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Question 13

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That critical thinking and taking a stand on a moral issue is compatible with open- mindedness and intellectual humility.

The egoist view is that moral standards are only good if they serve

an individual’s self-interest.

the interests of the majority.

the interests of the minority.

the common good of society.

During the Las Vegas massacre, there were people at an outdoor concert who risked their lives to help total strangers. When interviewed later, their common response was, “It was the right thing to do.” What is the term for this kind of deep-down sense of what is good and right?

Kathleen is a girls’ soccer coach who lies now and then to her young team in order to keep up their spirits and guarantee they have fun, even if they are not the best players in the league. Kathleen’s lying could be an example of utilitarian.

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Question 16

1 / 1 pts

impartiality

adaptability

immorality

universality

According to John Stuart Mill, utilitarianism takes into account the happiness of

everyone, and weights everyone’s happiness equally.

everyone, but gives greater weight to those who are more intelligent.

only the agent (actor).

the agent (actor) and those the agent cares about.

Everyone deserves equal consideration.

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Question 18

1 / 1 pts

to acquire as much wealth and power as possible

to adhere to the rules of religion and society

to gain pleasure and avoid pain

to fulfill the role that society has given us

Allen is a critic of utilitarianism. Of the following sentences, which is LEAST likely to factor into his critique?

“One cannot define happiness and suffering in a universal way.”

“One cannot measure happiness and suffering.”

“There is no such thing as happiness and suffering.”

“There are other things more important than happiness and suffering.”