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PHCY 500 Physiology Questions
Exams And 100% Answers
To prevent metabolic acidosis, what compound does your kidney reabsorb? - Answer bicarbonate
What enzyme in the kidney is involved in helping maintain blood pH? - Answer carbonic anhydrase
For a drug that is filtered by the kidney, what factors would impact its ability to be filtered? - Answer molecular binding, protein size, and neuron function
An increase in serum potassium would cause what hormone to be secreted to help maintain homeostasis? - Answer aldosterone
Angiotensin II is formed by the enzyme ACE. The more angiotensin II circulating will result in - Answer increased blood pressure
Constrictions of the renal afferent arteriole will cause GFR to - Answer decrease
Over a normal range of mean arterial pressure (MAP), as MAP increases, GFR will - Answer remain unchanged
Which molecule is most likely to reabsorbed from the urine? A drug that is lipophilic and
What would happen if you blocked sodium channels on the neuron? - Answer It would prevent depolarization
In your own words, describe afterload? - Answer Pressure that arteries put on blood flowing out of the heart to the rest of the body
What factors would cause mean arterial pressure (or blood pressure) to increase? - Answer vasoconstriction
What fiber type is associated with the sensation of sharp pain that can be located? - Answer A-delta fiber
What is the role of the spinothalamic tract in detecting pain? - Answer intensity and location of pain
If you wanted to slow the conduction of a neuron, I would increase the release of this excitatory neurotransmitter from the synapse - Answer glutamate
What would happen if you blocked sodium channels on the neuron? - Answer it would
prevent depolarization
A patient is feeling very tired and has a low metabolic rate. To diagnosis dysfunction of the thyroid gland, this hormone produced by the thyroid would be measured in blood because it is responsible for controlling metabolic rate - Answer T
Leg movement helps blood return to the heart. What heart chamber would be first to receive blood as a result of leg movement - Answer right atrium
High levels of this phagocytic white blood cell may indicate inflammation and thus an infection. It is the most abundant white blood cell in your blood - Answer neutrophil
A patient experiencing low blood sugar may be given an injection of this hormone which is produced by the pancreas and increases blood glucose - Answer glucagon
Medications can control heart rhythm by impacting this molecule that acts through L-channels which contribute to the slow, phase 2 part of the cardiac action potential. - Answer calcium
This valve sits between the right atrium and ventricle - Answer tricuspid
Romiplostim is used to stop bleeding by increasing the production of these cells from megakaryocytes - Answer platelets
Some diuretics work in the central part of the nephron because this section absorbs more salt water. By blocking this section of the nephron, a patient can remove more water. What part of the nephron do these diuretics work at? - Answer Henle's loop
A carbohydrate based medication may be broken down in the mouth by this enzyme - Answer amylase
Dysfunction of the heart can lead to the atria not depolarizing properly. On an EKG, this change in atria depolarization would likely change this EKG component - Answer P-wave
For some anemias, treatment involves supplementation with this mineral that helps red blood cells carry oxygen. - Answer iron
A patient in the emergency department who has a low heart rate may be give a drug that stimulates this neural pathway to increase heart rate - Answer sympathetic nervous system
An athlete maintains normal cardiac output even though they have a lower resting heart rate. This is because they have a higher 1 or volume of blood pumped from ventricles per beat. - Answer stroke volume
After the COVID vaccine, people are protected by their immune system because of antibodies secreted by these cells. - Answer B-cells
Difficulty breathing (dyspnea) impacts the total volume of inspired air with each breath
Loss of this part of the small intestine due to gastric bypass surgery would cause a reduction in most nutrient absorption - Answer jejunum
In some kidney disease, the kidney does not produce sufficient amounts of this compound which stimulates red blood cell production - Answer erythropoietin
Parathyroid hormone increases blood calcium by stimulating this cell to reabsorb calcium from bone - Answer osteoclasts
Oral contraceptives that contain this ovarian hormone can have anti-acne effects and improve bone density - Answer estrogen
A red blood cell traveling back from the body to the heart will travel what path through the heart? - Answer Blood (from the body) > right atria > tricuspid valve > right ventricle
pulmonary valve > pulmonary artery > lungs >pulmonary vein > left atria > mitral valve left ventricle > aortic valve > aorta > the body
Where is the majority of blood found within the body? - Answer QRS complex
The firing of the Sino-atrial node (SA node) would be associated with what part of the ECG? - Answer P-wave
The stress from the quiz increases sympathetic stimulation to the heart. This would result in? - Answer increased chronotropy
An increase in parasynaptic innervation to the heart would result in: - Answer slowing heart rate
What factors would cause mean arterial pressure (or blood pressure) to increase? - Answer vasoconstriction
As cardiac output increase, what happens to mean arterial pressure? - Answer it increases
How would describe the Frank-Starling curve? - Answer The more blood returning to the heart (preload), the more blood that can be pumped out on a heart beat (Stroke volume)
At the level of the alveoli, movement of O2 and CO2 from the alveoli and blood occurs by
Of the following factors, which would hinder oxygen exchange from the alveoli to the blood? - Answer thicker mucus in the alveoli
The medulla / CNS responds to what factor to control the rate of ventilation - Answer arterial pCO
The reason why the lung volume increases during inspiration (inhaling air) is because the diaphragm contracts which causes thoracic pressure to - Answer decrease
The process of HYPERventilation causes alkalosis because - Answer blowing off CO and thus reducing H+
AP during strenuous exercise undergoes metabolic acidosis. The lungs compensate by.
Lower blood pH (more acidic) will favor what kind of change in the Hb-O2 saturation curve? - Answer delivery of O2 to tissues (right shift)
What factor may cause the Hb-O2 saturation curve to have a left shift? - Answer lower body temperature
