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PHARMACOLOGY TEST 3 RETAKE/ ATI PHARMACOLOGY
RETAKE LATEST VERSION UPDATED AND REVISED IN
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
When a patient has been receiving sodium nitroprusside for 1 week, the nurse should be alert for: - ANSWER -
thiocyanate accumulati on, evidenced by disorientation and delirium
Your patient is taking lisinopril for hypertension. His blood pressure still remains slightly elevated and the physician would like to order a diuretic. Which of the following
diuretics would be inappropriate to prescribe? - ANSWER
triamterene
How would the nurse expect calcium channel blockers to
physiologically affect the function of the heart? - ANSWER
->Decrease AV node conduction
The patient takes insulin for diabetes mellitus. The physician orders atenolol for his hypertension. After
medication teaching, the nurse determines that learning has been effective when the patient makes which
statement? - ANSWER ->"This medication can enhance the effects of my insulin."
Your patient is receiving 40 mg of furosemide every day, enteric-coated aspirin 325 mg every day and digoxin 0. mg every day. Your patient suddenly begins complaining of muscle weakness and seeing yellow halos around lights. What are your suspicions? - ANSWER ->digitalis toxicity due to hypokalemia
Your patient is experiencing an emergent hypertensive crisis. The provider has ordered nitroprusside. Before administration, you should take action to: - ANSWER -
protect the solut ion from sunlight/bright light by covering it up
Your patient is receiving a beta-blocker for his high blood pressure. He arrives in the ER with complaints of severe dizziness and shortness of breath. As you obtain his apical rate, you notive it is 40 bpm and realize the patient has taken too much of the drug. What antidote should be
administered? - ANSWER ->atropine
Prior to the administration of furosemide, the nurse should check the medication record for other drugs that may
cause _________________ such as _________________________.
aminoglycosides
The patient with a plasma cholesterol level of 360 mg/dL is taking the medication ezetimibe to reduce this value. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further education concerning about this medication? - ANSWER -
"I cannot take this medication with any other
lipid-lower agents."
Your patient has been experiencing tolerance to transdermal nitroglycerin. Whichof the following suggestions would be appropriate?
"You should: - ANSWER ->take the patch off at bedtime and put a new one on in the morning."
Your patient is admitted with a diagnosis of angina pectoris. He has an order for nitroglycerin 0.4mg SL as needed for chest pain. When he complains of chest pain, you should administer:
- ANSWER -
ototoxicity;
- ANSWER -
one tablet under his
tongue, if not relief, repeat in 5 minutes up to 3 doses.
A nurse prepares to administer a scheduled dose of digoxin. The nurse finds the morning laboratory report showing a plasma digoxin level of 0.7 ng/mL. What action should the nurse take next?
apical rate for 1 minute and withhold the digoxin if <60 bpm
The goal of pharmacotherapy for patients with heart failure is using a drug that has what specific characteristics?
("select all that apply")
Chronotropic Effects
Positive Inotropic Effects
Negative Dromotropic Effects
You are providing discharge instructions to a 72-year-old client who has been discharged home on a diuretic. What would the patient's instructions regarding the use of a diuretic at home include?
daily at the same time each day using the same scale
A nurse is providing patient education to a 35-year-old man who has been prescribed transdermal clonidine. The nurse will instruct the patient to apply the dosage patch: -
- ANSWER -
Check the
- ANSWER -
Negative
- ANSWER -
Weight yourself
Diuretics lower blood pressure through sodium depletion which is also accompanied by vasodilating effects on arterioles
Abrupt discontinuation of the use of clonidine may result in: - ANSWER ->rebound hypertension.
A nurse has an order to apply nitroglycerin topically twice
a day. The nurse's initial action will be to: - ANSWER -
put on a pair of nonsterile gloves.
Your patient has hyperlipidemia despite the aggressive lifestyle changes that have been made. The healthcare provider has prescribed lovastatin to help decrease the patient's LDL levels. Patient teaching should include instructions to:
bedtime so the drug is peaking when cholesterol is being synthesized.
The nurse checks a patient's medication record and discovers these medications in addition to furosemide. Which medication order would most concern the nurse? -
- ANSWER -
take the medication at
ANSWER -
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS)
Which classification of drug inhibits the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotenin I?
Renin Inhibitors
The patient has been receiving nicotinic acid (Niacin) the last several days. Although this drug is effective in increasing the patient's HDL levels, the patient complains of uncomfortable flushing due to peripheral dilation of blood vessels in the face, neck and chest. What is the best education by the nurse?
taken 30 minutes prior to taking Niacin to decrease prostaglandin release to reduce the flushing response."
Your 88-year-old diabetic patient is admitted to your unit for heart failure. The healthcare provider prescribes IV furosemide. This patient has an increased risk for which of the following? ("select all that apply") - ANSWER -
Cardiac Dysrhythmias and Muscle Weakness
Painful or Tender Joints
- ANSWER -
Direct
- ANSWER -
"Aspirin should be
priority assessment will be monitoring his: - ANSWER -
CBC with Differential
A patient comes to ER with a blood pressure of 200/ mmHg. The physician prescribes hydralazine. What will the nurse's priority assessment include and what will be
the anticipated order from the physician? - ANSWER -
Hypotension and Reflex Tachycardia; metoprolol
The nurse is administering 50 mg/day of spironolactone to a patient with edema. The nurse should know that
spironolactone acts by inhibiting which of the following? -
ANSWER ->Aldosterone Hormone
losartan has been ordered for your patient with hypertension. You know this drug works by what mechanism of action?
angiotensin II receptor sites and blocking its effects
Your patient is taking a potassium-sparing diuretic. What
drug-drug interaction would you be concerned about? -
ANSWER ->Lithium Toxicity
Your patient is receiving furosemide due to exacerbation of his heart failure. What factors would indicate the drug is
- ANSWER -
Binding to
ineffective? ("select all that apply") - ANSWER ->+ peripheral lower extremity edema
Positive net balance
Bilateral crackles in lower lobes of lungs
Shortness of breath upon minimal exertion
To counter the negative effects of vasodilator therapy, such as with hydralazine, patients usually receive concurrent therapy with:
(pyridoxine) to prevent or minimize peripheral neuritis.
Your patient is to receive propranolol, a nonselective betaadrenergic antagonist to treat a cardiac dysrhythmia. Before administering the first dose of the drug, the nurse
should assess the patient's health status and confirm that the patient does not have:
A patient who took nitroglycerin for angina pectoris reports the development of headache after taking more than one tablet. What information should the nurse provide? - ANSWER -
Headaches are common due to the
- ANSWER -
Vitamin B
administered, which information would be the most important for the nurse to obtain? Has the patient: - ANSWER ->used drugs for erectile dysfunction recently?
Your patient is taking lovastatin. Which assessment data would be a priority for the nurse to report immediately to the physician and what lab would you anticipate being ordered? - ANSWER ->"I have a hard time walking far because the calf muscles hurt." - CPK
What adverse reaction is important to monitor for a patient receiving reserpine, a peripherally-acting antiadrenergic? - ANSWER ->Depression
