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Pharmacology Review for Nursing Exam, Exams of Nursing

Regis UniversityNursing

This review covers various pharmacological topics relevant to nursing practice, including medication delivery methods, psychiatric medication side effects, prescribing considerations for psychotropic drugs during lactation, hyponatremia symptoms, benzodiazepine tapering guidelines, first-line treatments for generalized anxiety disorder, the impact of herbal formulations on psychotropic medications, receptor activity and clinical effects, second-tier treatments for bipolar disorder, antidepressant side effects, prescribing rules for psychostimulants, common psychostimulant side effects, information on suicide and antidepressant use, bleeding risks with antidepressants, the nootropic cannabidiol, medication combinations for acute aggression, antidepressants with low sexual side effects, long-term benzodiazepine use, antipsychotic use in dementia, appropriate treatments for acute bipolar mania, mirtazapine side effects, risks associated with typical antipsychotics, treatment choices for n

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 10/02/2024

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NU643 final exam study 151 quizzes &
Answers complete.
NU643 final exam study 151 quizzes &
Answers complete.
a.. common side effects about antidepressants - DRY MOUTH SEXUAL
DYSFUNCTION DIZZINESS DECREASED OR INCREASED APPETITE
DROWSINESS HEADACHE FATIGUE GI UPSET (NAUSEA)SLEEP DISTURBANCE
2. managing behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia review habilitation
therapy - KEEPING ROUTINE, CALM ATMOSPHERE MAINTAIN FUNCTION THEY
HAVE AT THIS TIME—CUE INTO BEHAVIORS THEY CAN DO NOW (HABILITATION
THERAPY)BEHAVIORAL SX FOR DEMENTIA AGGRESSION AGIATATION
CONFUSION MEMORY LOSS
3. Review what dietary recommendations from the Carlat report are good for mental
health patients - EAT WHOLE FOODS, FOLATE, B12, B6, OMEGA 3S, AVOID
CARBS, LESS PROCESSED FOODS
4. Review which is the slowest delivery method of medications available - BY MOUTH-
ORAL FASTEST-IV
5. Review the most common side effects regarding long term Lithium use - KIDNEY
IMPAIRMENT AND THYROID,MONITOR KIDENY FUNCTION TEST AND THYROID
TEST
6. Review the mechanism of action of clonidine & propranolol for the treatment of
anxiety - LOWER HEART RATE, MUSCLE TENSION, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
SOMATIC SYMPTOMS
7. Review psychotropic use during lactation post-partum regarding onset relapse and
recurrence of mental disorders - NOT FDA APPROVED AND EXCRETED IN BREAST
MILK, WEIGH RISKS OVER BENEFITS, EDUCATE THERE ARE RISKS, SOME
SAFER THAN OTHERS
8. Matching Question regarding labs required for Quetiapin Valproic acid & Lithium -
SEROQUEL: GLUCOSE, LIPID PROFILE, BNP DEPAKOTE: PLTS, LIVER
FUNCTION, AND PLASMA LITHIUM: THYROID, KIDNEY, AND PLASMA
9. Review the best description of the mental status examination - DETERMINATION OF
COGNITIVE FUNCTION AT TIME OF ASSESSMENT
10. Review symptoms of hyponatremia - DELERIUM, LETHARGY, NAUSEA
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Download Pharmacology Review for Nursing Exam and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

Answers complete.

NU643 final exam study 151 quizzes &

Answers complete.

a.. common side effects about antidepressants - DRY MOUTH SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION DIZZINESS DECREASED OR INCREASED APPETITE DROWSINESS HEADACHE FATIGUE GI UPSET (NAUSEA)SLEEP DISTURBANCE

  1. managing behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia review habilitation therapy - KEEPING ROUTINE, CALM ATMOSPHERE MAINTAIN FUNCTION THEY HAVE AT THIS TIME—CUE INTO BEHAVIORS THEY CAN DO NOW (HABILITATION THERAPY)BEHAVIORAL SX FOR DEMENTIA AGGRESSION AGIATATION CONFUSION MEMORY LOSS
  2. Review what dietary recommendations from the Carlat report are good for mental health patients - EAT WHOLE FOODS, FOLATE, B12, B6, OMEGA 3S, AVOID CARBS, LESS PROCESSED FOODS
  3. Review which is the slowest delivery method of medications available - BY MOUTH- ORAL FASTEST-IV
  4. Review the most common side effects regarding long term Lithium use - KIDNEY IMPAIRMENT AND THYROID,MONITOR KIDENY FUNCTION TEST AND THYROID TEST
  5. Review the mechanism of action of clonidine & propranolol for the treatment of anxiety - LOWER HEART RATE, MUSCLE TENSION, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SOMATIC SYMPTOMS
  6. Review psychotropic use during lactation post-partum regarding onset relapse and recurrence of mental disorders - NOT FDA APPROVED AND EXCRETED IN BREAST MILK, WEIGH RISKS OVER BENEFITS, EDUCATE THERE ARE RISKS, SOME SAFER THAN OTHERS
  7. Matching Question regarding labs required for Quetiapin Valproic acid & Lithium - SEROQUEL: GLUCOSE, LIPID PROFILE, BNP DEPAKOTE: PLTS, LIVER FUNCTION, AND PLASMA LITHIUM: THYROID, KIDNEY, AND PLASMA
  8. Review the best description of the mental status examination - DETERMINATION OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION AT TIME OF ASSESSMENT
  9. Review symptoms of hyponatremia - DELERIUM, LETHARGY, NAUSEA

Answers complete.

  1. Review Tardive Dyskinesia - movemnts can't control, JAW THRUSTING, TONGUE MOVEMENT, PILL ROLLING, HYPERREFLEXEX, LOTS OF BLINKING SEEN IN ANTIPSYCHOTIC
  2. Review substance dependence and a patients vulnerability to craving & relapse following exposure to any psychoactive substance. - DON'T PRESCRIBE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES TO THOSE WHO HAVE A SUBSTANCE ABUSE HISTORY. STIMULATES ELEVATED LEVEL OF DOPAMINE.
  3. Review when safety should be assessed in psychiatric care - ALL THE TIME
  4. Review the time period of greatest risk of teratogenicity in pregnancy - FIRST TRIMESTER.....BEFORE KNOW PREGNANT < 8 WEEKS. NEURAL DEVELOPMENT IS TAKING PLACE
  5. Review drug choices for tapering of Benzodiazepines - TO LONG ACTING: KLONOPIN, VALIUM
  6. Review the use of St. Johns Wart as an adjunct to SSRI's medications good or not good that is the question - NOT GOOD.....INCREASES SEROTONIN
  7. Review the recommendation regarding the use of atypical antipsychotics for treating dementia - BLACK BOX WARNING: INCREASED RISK FOR CV PROBLEMS CAN INCREASE AGITATION
  8. Review what Nootropics are - NEUROENHANCERS NOT DRUGS. SUPPLEMENTS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES THAT CAN ENHANCE COGNITION, MEMORY, MOTIVATION
  9. Review the best medication used to augment in the treatment of depression - LITHIUM
  10. Review the most serious side effect related to the use of oxcarbazepine - HYPONATREMIA
  11. Review what items can impact the elimination of medications - KIDNEY FUNCTION, LIVER FUNCTION, HIGH METABOLISM, DIURETICS
  12. Review medication as first line treatment for GAD - SSRIS
  13. Review statements about neuronal gene expression - AFFECTED BY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Answers complete.

  1. Review the impact of herbal formulations and psychotropic treatment - THOSE METABOLIZED BY CYP-450 ENZYMES POSE INTERACTION RISK WITH ANTIDEPRESSANTS... CAN IMPACT HOW WELL PSYCHOTROPIC WILL WORK....SE...SOME CONTRAINDICATED
  2. Review drug distribution and effects of protein in this mechanism - HOW DRUG IS DISTRITBUTED AND HOW MUCH FREE DRUG IS IN SYSTEM, HIGHLY PROTEIN BOUND WILL NOT HAVE A LOT OF DRUG AVAILABLE
  3. Review the atypical antipsychotic with the highest risk of EPS - RISPERADAL
  4. Review the parameter that should be monitored in children who are prescribed psychostimulant - WEIGHT
  5. Review when buprenorphine should be prescribed in opioid withdrawal - MODERATE WITHDRAWAL COWS ABOVE 12
  6. Review information about SSRI discontinuation syndrome and resolution in the neonate - DESIPIATE IN 2 WEEKS MILD
  7. Review which herbal may be used as monotherapy in the treatment of depression - VALERIAN ROOT
  8. Review what can help improve patient adherence to treatment - GIVE HEADS UP ABOUT WHAT SE CAN EXPECT TO EXPERIENCE GIVING INFORMATION AND LETTING THEM DECIDE.
  9. Review how long a patient should continue to be treated for depression after remission of depression - DEPENDS ON PREVIOUS TIMES OF DEPRESSION
  10. Review the statements regarding preventing and recognizing prescription drug misuse - GIVE GUIDELINES IN BEGINNING, NO EARLY REFILLS, USE PILL COUNTS, LAB WORK, PRESCRIPTION MONITORING SYSTEM
  11. Review the indication for the use of atomoxetine - ADHD THOSE WHO DON'T TOLERATE STIMULANTS.. TIC DISORDER...SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER
  12. Review limitations of genetic testing for the use of psychotropic medications - NO SCIENTIFIC DATA TO PROVE IT IS APPLICABLE AND CORRECT
  13. Review receptor activity and its clinical effect for Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor blockade Histamine H1 receptor blockade & Muscarinic cholinergic receptor blockade - MUSCARINIC: CANT PEE, HISTAMINE: WEIGHT GAIN AND DROWSINESS ALPHA: CV EFFECTS

Answers complete.

  1. Review aspects of good sleep hygiene practices - NO TV, DIET AND EXCERCISE AVOID, NO ALCOHOL, GET UP IF RESTLESS
  2. Review safe practices in prescribing psychotropic in pregnancy - NO FDA APPROVAL Risks vs benefits
  3. Review seizure risk in the abrupt cessation of benzodiazepines - occur in those who have been taking for long time at high doses. SLOW TAPER, SWITCH TO LONG acting

  4. opioid withdrawal - physiologically safe

  5. Review medications considered as second tier for bipolar disorder - ANTICONVULSANTS LAMICTAL
  6. Review risk associated with the abrupt stopping of Guanfacine - REBOUND HYPERTENSION
  7. Review antipsychotic that would be least likely to cause weight gain. - GEODON
  8. Review black box warning for the use of Lamotrigine - RASH...... STEvens JOHNSON SYNDROME
  9. Review indications for the use of Bupropion - ADHD, DEPRESSION, NICOTINE WD, REDUCES SEXUAL SE
  10. Review which antipsychotic carries the highest risk of QTc prolongation - GEODON
  11. Review principals associated with choosing a psychiatric medication - TRY WHAT HAS WORKED IN PAST, RISKS VS BENEFITS, START LOW GO SLOW,
  12. Review statements from the FDA regarding use of antidepressants in children and adolescents - INCREASES SUICIDAL IDEATIONS LEXAPRO (ages 12 and over) AND PROZAC (ages 8 and older)
  13. Review mechanize of action for Memantine - NMDA GLUATAMINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST
  14. Review naltrexone vs the use of acamprosate for alcohol dependence. - ACAMPROSTE FOR SEVERE ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE, NALTREXONE FOR LOWER LEVELS...CURBS CRAVINGS

Answers complete.

  1. Review contraindications associated with the prescribing of LAI's with known neuroleptic malignant syndrome - NEVER INITIATE WITH NMS LONG ACTING INJECTION LIKE INVEGA OR ABILIFY
  2. Review suggested medication combinations for the treatment of aggression in an acute setting - LORAZEPAM AND HALDOL
  3. Review antidepressants least likely to cause sexual side effects - WELLBUTRIN
  4. Review side effects associated with LONG term use of benzodiazepines - COGNITION ISSUES
  5. Review side effects of antipsychotic use in patients with dementia r/t CVA and mortality - BEERS LIST INCREASE OF MORTALITY WITH ANTIPSYCHOTICS
  6. Review medications considered appropriate for the treatment of acute bipolar mania
  • LITHIUM and DEPAKOTE
  1. Review side effects associated with mirtazapine - WEIGHT GAIN AND SEDATION
  2. Review components of "informed consent" - EDUCATING ABOUT RISKS AND BENEFITS, ALTERANTIVE TX
  3. Review risk associated with the use of typical antipsychotics - AKATHISIA, DYSTONIA (EPS),PARKINSONISM, anticholinergic effects,
  4. Review risk associated with the use of anticonvulsants in pregnancy - TETRAGENOCITY, NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS,
  5. Review benefits of psychotherapy in the treatment of depression - CBT GOOD TO USE BOTH
  6. Review conditions to monitor associated with psychostimulant use - MONITOR FOR ABUSE....EARLY REFILL, SAY LOST PRESCRIPTION, DOESN'T SHOW UP FOR APPTS, AGITATION, IRRITABILITY
  7. Review mediations indicated for the treatment of bipolar depression - LATUDA, SEROQUEL, CYMBAX, LAMICTAL, LITHIUM, DEPAKOTE, ABILIFY
  8. Review treatment choices for the treatment of nicotine withdrawal - CHANTIX, PATCH, GUM, LOZENGERS
  9. Review which uncontrolled medication is indicated specifically for the treatment of GAD - BUSPAR

Answers complete.

  1. Review which herbal formula may be considered safe and effective for the treatment of Anxiety - VALERIAN ROOT, ST JOHNS WORT,
  2. Review if you can treat depression and anxiety with the same first line agents - YES
  3. Review that in pediatric psychiatry behavioral and psychological strategies should be targeted together - TRUE inverse agonist binding - cause inactivation of signal transduction A neurotransmitter binds to a receptor - causing electrical impulses to travel the neuron's axon; it eventually releases the neurotransmitter and repeats the process with a postsynaptic neuron, classical synaptic neurotransmission True of pharmockinetics - Accumulation of psychotropic drugs occurs faster in the brain than adipose tissue CYP450 TABLE - inhibitors and substrates INCREASE effectiveness of drug metabolized inducers DECREASE effectiveness Two main targets of signal transduction - gene expression and phosphoproteins antagonist binding to receptor - unchanged signal transduction first pass effect - metabolism of the drug in the liver, prior to reaching systemic circulation Partial agonist binding to receptor - signal transduction is partially enhanced Phase 1 metabolism - CYP450 enzyme activity Phase 2 metabolism - conjugation of drug G-linked proteins - bind enzymes that synthesize second messenger Enzyme inhibition as a target of drug therapies - a means of preventing the degradation of neurotransmitters ligand-gated ion channel - Allosteric modulators can enhance or inhibit ion channels when in the presence of neurotransmitter agonist binding to receptor - singal transduction is fully enhanced antagonist, in the presence of an agonist, can return a channel to resting state

Answers complete.

second line treatment for bipolar - oxcarbazepine bipolar treatment in depression - Antidepressant use may increase cycling, including precipitating mania. amygdala - brain structure plays a central role in the anxiety experience and has many reciprocal connections throughout the brain Lithium labs - → BUN/Cr, TSH/T4 electrolyte, Valproic acid - → LFT, CBC with platelets, Quetiapine - → Glucose, lipid profile, BMI, blood pressure, Carbamazepine - → CBC, LFT topamax for bipolar - side effect of cognitive dulling meds for acute bipolar mania - valporic acid, lamotrigine, lithium carbonate neuortransmitter in ramelteon - melatonin meds for bipolar depression - seroquel, lamotrigine, lithium, noradrenergic pathway in the brain which may be overactive in anxious subjects originates in the - locus coeruleus glutamate and NMDA receptors in alcohol addiction is true - Chronic alcohol consumption results in an upregulation of NMDA receptors and increased excitability in acute abstinence Problems with selective attention associated with ADHD are hypothetically regulated by the - anterior cingulate cortex anti-award system in substance abuse - Over time, substance use shifts from seeking the pleasurable effects of intoxication to avoiding of dysphoria associated with withdrawal states impulsivity and compulsion is true - Impulsivity and compulsion are modulated "top down" by the orbitoprefrontal cortex atomoxetine - treats ADHD in adults in children, SNRI

Answers complete.

neurotransmitters in ADHD - dopamine and norepinephrine buprenorphine - preferred treatment for opioid maintenance therapy Methylphenidate - worsen tics haldol + lorazepam - acute aggression in those with dementia GI side effects - cholinesterase inhibitors beta blocker a good choice the treatment of aggression - Persistent aggression in the presence of neurocognitive deficits medication side effect mostly to result in aggression or violence is - akathisia Namenda (memantine) - Memantine is a NMDA receptor antagonist and is hypothesized to reduce abnormal activation of glutamate CVA and mortality - antipsychotics in elderly anticonvulsants in pregnancy - carry highest risk for congenital malformations