Pharmacology NURS 251 Module 6 Exam (2025 / 2026) portage learning/Geneva College, Exams of Pharmacology

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PHARMACOLOGY NURS 251 MODULE 6 EXAM

PORTAGE LEARNING

1. Define what an antibiotic is Ans> Drug with ability to destroy/interfere with develop- ment of a living organism (bacteria)
2. Antibiotics are a drug class with the ability to destroy or interfere with the development of what microorganism? Ans>Bacteria
3. T/F; One common ailment that Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause is strep throat Ans> False
4. Select the incorrect statement below.

-Health care associated infections are easier to treat because the patient is already in the hospital and can obtain treatment quickly. -Gram- negative bacteria tend to be harder to treat.

-Anaerobic bacteria are commonly found in the GI tract. -Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium. Ans> Health care associated infections are easier to treat because the patient is already in the hospital and can obtain treatment quickly

5. List one example of a gram-positive bacteria and one example of a gram-negative bacteria. Specify whether each bacteria is gram-positive or gram-negative. Ans> GP Staphylococcus aureus GN Escherichia Coli
6. Match the following terms with the correct definition

-Antibiotic Spectrum -Broad Spectrum -Bacteria resistance -Bacteria -Pathogenic Ans> -Being susceptible to the antibacterial actions -Effectiveness against a wide variety pathogens -Ability to resist the actions of antibiotics -Single celled microorganism -Cause disease

7. Select the description below that is NOT a mechanism of action associated

5. Amikacin
6. Label the following bacteria as gram-positive or Gram-negative.

a. Enterococcus Faecalis b. Escherichia Coli c. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ans> Positive Negative Negative

11. Match the penicillin antibiotics with the appropriate spectrum of activity

Amoxicillin Cloxacillin Penicillin Piperacillin/tazobactams Ans> gram positive and some gram positive resistant gran positive only serious gram negative

12. What is the serious (sometimes fatal) skin reaction associated with sulfon- amides? Ans> Steven's Johnson Syndrome
13. Steven's Johnsons syndrome is associated with what class of antibi- otics? Ans> Sulfonamides
14. Select the incorrect statement regarding the antibiotic Bactrim.

-Commonly used to treat UTIs -The mechanism of action involves inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis -They are safe to use in pregnancy

Ans> Commonly used to treat UTI

21. T/F; Penicillin allergies are relatively uncommon Ans> False
22. Select the true statement regarding the cephalosporins' spectrum of activ- ity.

-All five generation have the same spectrum of activity and only vary in side effects -The amount of gram-negative coverage increases with later generations. -The fifth generation is the only generation with anaerobic coverage. -None of the cephalosporins have any coverage against MRSA Ans> The amount of gram-negative coverage increases with later generations

23. T/F; Because cephalosporins have a similar chemical structure to peni- cillins there is a very high incidence of cross sensitivity.This means if a patient has a penicillin allergy, they will likely have an allergy to cephalosporins, too. Ans> False
24. What term would best describe a bacterium that has become resistant to all of the penicillins, making it one of the harder bacteria to treat? Ans> MRSA
25. T/F; Erythromycin is the best tolerated antibiotic in its drug class. Ans> False
26. Select the drug class that is known to cause kidney damage especially in the presence of dehydration.

-Penicillins -Sulfonamides -Macrolides -Aminoglycosides Ans> Sulfonamides

27. Provide a description of the mechanism of action of azithromycin Ans> Inhibit protein synthesis within the bacteria
28. Which of the following antibiotics acts against MRSA?

-Amikacin -Moxifloxacin -Tigecycline -Piperacillin/Tazobactam Ans> Tigecycline

29. Provide an example of a drug that should not be taken at the same time as dairy products Ans> Doxycycline
30. Select the most appropriate antibiotic for the treatment of an upper respi- ratory tract infection in a patient with a penicillin allergy.

-Amoxicillin -Azithromycin -Ceftaroline -Bactrim Ans> Azithromycin

36. T/F; One way that antibiotics work is to interfere with bacterial cell synthe- sis Ans> True
37. What is the term for an antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial growth?-

Ans> Bacteriostatic

38. What pregnancy class do Aminoglycosides belong? Ans> Category D
39. Provide the definition of the term antibiotic spectrum and bacteria resis- tance Ans> AS type and range of bacteria the antibiotic can target

BR ability of bacteria to withstand antibiotic effects

40. A patient is being treated for a serious infection with IV Amikacin. The nurse notices that the patient's urine output has decreased, and when the urine is tested it shows the presence of protein. What is the most likely explanation? Ans> nephrotoxicity from the Amikacin.
41. T/F; Fluoroquinolones generally have broad gram-negative coverage. Ans> True
42. What is the unique risk associated with levofloxacin that makes it an unsafe choice for pediatric patients? Ans> Cartilage defects

43. T/F; Ciprofloxacin is the fluoroquinolone with the most gram-positive cov- erage. Ans> False
44. Provide an example of an infection that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is asso- ciated with. Ans> Meningitis
45. Match the bacteria with a common infection associated with it.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Enterococcus faecalis Escherichia Coli Staphylococcus aureus Ans> Meningitis UTI Diarrhea Skin infection

46. T/F; Once the sensitivity analysis comes back, and the practitioner is able to narrow down the antibiotic therapy targeted to the causative organism, this is referred to as empiric therapy. Ans> False
47. What drug would you not want to combine amikacin with in order to minimize the risk of ototoxicity.

-Furosemide -Cephalexin -Glipizide -Doxycycline

48. Explain the term "MRSA" and how it affects antibiotic treatment. Ans> Methicillin resistance staphylococcus aureus.

Resistant to all penicillin drugs. Treatment options limited, often requiring Van- comycin or Linezolid

49. Provide an example of a medication the works by inhibiting protein synthe- sis within the bacteria. Ans> Aminoglycosides
50. Provide an example of a drug that should not be taken at the same time as dairy products. Ans> doxycycline
51. Label the antibiotic classes below as either (a) bactericidal or (b) bacterio- static in their mechanism of action.
52. Aminoglycosides
53. Cephalosporins
54. Sulfonamides Ans> 1. a
55. a
56. b