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IHuman - Otto Smithers GI Bleed
1.
Discuss the pathophysiology of this disease process/condition. Include signs, symptoms,
and risk factors.
Gastrointestinal bleeding is a manifestation of a disorder in the digestive tract. When a person
exhibits bleeding it often appears in stool or vomit. The level of bleeding can vary from mild to
severe, which can be life-threatening. Signs and symptoms of GI bleeding can either be overt or
occult. This means the signs can be obvious or hard to notice. Signs and symptoms also vary
depending on the location of the bleed. A common cause of upper GI bleeding is due to peptic
ulcers. Lower GI bleeding causes are due to infection, parasites, and even food poisoning. Some
of the obvious signs of bleeding include vomiting blood, black tarry stools, and rectal bleeding.
Some of the hidden signs of GI bleeding include lightheadedness, SOB, fainting, and abdominal
pain. Patients experiencing GI bleeding should seek medical attention as soon as possible to
avoid shock.
2.
Name and describe a possible test, lab, or diagnostic study that may be ordered for a
patient with this condition. Vane
When investigating a GI bleed a doctor may order an endoscopy and/or a colonoscopy. Imaging
that may be ordered for acute overt GI bleeding are angiography and radionuclide imaging. A
capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy also have a role in the diagnosis of obscure GI bleeding
that is usually located in the small bowel. Labs that a doctor would order are CBC, aPTT, PT-
INR, and stool tests. It is important to assure that the patient has enough platelets to clot so that
they do no bleed out.
3.
Identify 2 nursing diagnoses: 1 physical and 1 psychosocial. Provide 1 correlating nursing
intervention for each. Briefly explain the rationale for these diagnoses. Seth
Physical dx: Deficient fluid volume related to blood loss from hemorrhage
Intervention: Review Hgb and Hct levels to determine the effectiveness of treatment or worsening
of the patient’s condition.
Rationale for dx: Deficient fluid volume is a state or condition where the fluid output exceeds the
fluid intake. It happens when water and electrolytes are lost as they exist in normal body fluids.
Common sources of fluid loss are the gastrointestinal tract, polyuria, and increased perspiration.
