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Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality: Unconscious Mind, Id, Ego, and Superego, Slides of Personality Psychology

An overview of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, including his concept of the mind, the three parts of personality - unconscious mind, id, ego, and superego, and defense mechanisms. Learn about Freud's views on free will, nature vs. nurture, and personality development.

What you will learn

  • What are defense mechanisms in psychoanalysis?
  • How does Freud describe the mind?
  • What are the three parts of personality according to Freud?
  • What is Sigmund Freud's theory of personality?
  • How does Freud explain the development of personality?

Typology: Slides

2021/2022

Uploaded on 03/31/2022

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Personality
An individual’s unique and relatively consistent patterns
of thinking, feeling, and behaving
Personality Theories - Attempt to describe and explain
how people are similar, how they are different, and why
every individual is unique
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Download Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality: Unconscious Mind, Id, Ego, and Superego and more Slides Personality Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

Personality

  • An individual’s unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving
  • Personality Theories - Attempt to describe and explain how people are similar, how they are different, and why every individual is unique
  • Free Will or Determinism:
    • Are we free to choose our own fate or victims of biological factors, unconscious forces or external stimuli?
  • Nature or Nurture:
    • Is our personality inherited or shaped by the environment?
  • Past, Present, or Future:
    • When does personality development occur?
    • Is personality influenced by past or present experiences or by future goals?
  • Uniqueness or Universality:
    • Is each personality of each person unique or are there personality patterns that can apply to many people?
  • Equilibrium or Growth:
    • Are we primarily tension-reducing, pleasure-seeking animals or does the need for growth motivate us?
  • Optimism or Pessimism:
    • Are human beings essentially good or evil?

Issues in Personality Theory

Psychoanalytic Theory

Personality According to Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud

  • Founder of psychoanalysis
  • Proposed the first complete theory of personality
  • A person’s thoughts and behaviors emerge from tension generated by unconscious motives and unresolved childhood conflicts.
  • Theory reflected the Victorian era of male dominance & sexual repression.

Learn more about Freud at: www.freud.org.uk www.lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/freud

Freud’s View of the

Mind

Freud’s Concept of the Mind

  • Most of the mind is hidden
  • 3 parts to the mind
  • 3 Parts to Personality

Free Association

  • Freudian technique of exploring the unconscious mind by having the person relax and say whatever comes to mind no matter how trivial or embarrassing
  • Hypnosis – Relaxing a person into a highly suggestive state to uncover unconscious memories or conflicts

Freud’s Couch

Unconscious Mind Reveals Itself

  • DREAMS - ―The royal road to the unconsciousness‖ - Behind the surface image (manifest content) lies the true hidden meaning (latent content). - FREUDIAN SLIP: - ―Slips of the tongue‖ where unconscious desires sneak out in our speaking.

Conscious Mind

  • All the thoughts, feelings, and sensations

that you are aware of at this particular

moment represent the conscious level

FREUD’S ICEBERG MODEL OF THE MIND

Psychoanalytic

Divisions of the Mind

  • Id—instinctual drives present at birth
    • does not distinguish between reality and fantasy
    • operates according to the pleasure principle
  • Ego—develops out of the id in infancy
    • understands reality and logic
    • mediator between id and superego
  • Superego
    • internalization of society’s & parental moral standards
    • One’s conscience; focuses on what the person ―should‖ do
    • Develops around ages 5-6.
    • Partially unconscious
    • Can be harshly punitive using feelings of guilt

Freud’s Concept of the ―Id‖

  • The part of personality that consists of

unconscious energy from basic aggressive and

sexual drives

  • Operates on the ―pleasure principle‖ - the id

demands immediate gratification

  • Is present from birth

Superego

  • The Shoulds & Should Nots of Society
  • Your Conscience
  • Moralistic, judgmental, Perfectionist dimension of personality

Freud’s Concept of the ―Ego‖

  • The part of personality that mediates the demands of the id without going against the restraints of the superego
  • Rational, organized, logical, mediator to demands of reality
  • Reality principle—ability to postpone gratification in accordance with demands of reality/society
  • Can repress desires that cannot be met in an acceptable manner