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The concept of Peer to Peer Architecture in Computer Networks. It describes the advantages and disadvantages of P2P, distributed nodes location and routing, and P2P models. It also includes a case study of Skype and Bit Torrent Architecture. the architecture of Bit Torrent and the four steps involved in it. It also includes an overall architecture of P2P.
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Purely Decentralized System
Centralized System
Hybird System
Purely Decentralized Model:
It is a type of model in which there is not central sever all nodes are acting as both client and server all are getting
and sending data to each other no server is managing them.
Advantages:
i.) High Performance
ii.) Failure of single node doesn’t fails whole network.
iii.) Easily scalable and robustness.
Disadvantages:
i.) We cannot administrate the network.
ii.) Cannot filter the network traffic that what files are
being shared.
iii.) Locating peers and offering services is a
challenging tasks.
Example:
Gnutella 0.
Centralized P2P Model:
In this model which there is a central server whose job is that
it is maintaining all the records of files which each node have.
When a node needs a file its requests to the server makes
the lookup in its database and redirects the requesting node
to that node which has file.
So then this requesting node makes the direct connection
with that node which has file.
Note Server only searches file it doesnot transfer files.
For transfering of files nodes make direct connection
With each other.
Continued….
Seeder: Seeder is a one whose file is completely downloaded but its
uploading.
Leecher: Some one who is downloading file.
Peer: Collective term for seeder and leecher.
Swarm : A group of peers sending or receiving simultaneously the same
file.
Torrent file: A file contains information(Address/hostname) about
Tracker.
Tracker : A server that manages the bit torrent transfer process. tracker
is computer which acts as a server, and maintains a list of nodes which are
participating in the system (ie. computers that are currently downloading or
uploading file data). For a new node to join a Bittorrent network, it sends a
message to the tracker requesting the IPs of some of the other participating
nodes, so that it can connect to them and begin downloading. No actual file
data is downloaded from the tracker; its job is simply to facilitate node
discovery.
Peer
[Leech]
Downloader
Peer
[Seed]
Peer
[Leech]
Tracker Web Server
Peer
[Leech]
Downloader
Peer
[Seed]
Peer
[Leech]
Tracker Web Server
Peer
[Leech]
Downloader
Peer
[Seed]
Peer
[Leech]
Tracker Web Server
Peer
[Leech]
Downloader
Peer
[Seed]
Peer
[Leech]
Tracker Web Server