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pediatric exam study, Exercises of Nursing

Trocaire CollegeNursing

practice questions for peds exam

Typology: Exercises

2022/2023

Uploaded on 10/31/2023

J0e-mama
J0e-mama 🇺🇸

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1. Scabies is endemic. Scabies mites burrow into the stratum
corneum to deposit their eggs and feces. What is true of the
appearance of the skin in a patient with scabies?
a. There are maculopapular lesions
b. There are round or oval erythematous patches
c. There is maceration or patches with vesicles
d. There is peeling exudate and inflammation
2. When discussing the appearance of the pox virus with the
parents, the nurse does well to characterize its presentation
as which of the following?
a. Vesicles confined to dermatomes
b. Vesicles which eventually dry and form cysts
c. Well circumscribed and gray in color
d. Flesh toned papules on face and trunk
3. A child is to be given the antibiotic Ampicillin. The
recommended dosage is 80mg/kg/day in 4 doses per day.
What is the amount in milligrams to be given in a single
dose for the 27kg patient?
a. 780 mg
b. 540 mg
c. 650 mg
d. 470 mg
4. A 4-year-old patient suffering from nephrotic syndrome is
admitted to the hospital. Knowing that the patient may be
immunocompromised, which roommate should the nurse
manager assign to this patient?
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  1. Scabies is endemic. Scabies mites burrow into the stratum corneum to deposit their eggs and feces. What is true of the appearance of the skin in a patient with scabies? a. There are maculopapular lesions b. There are round or oval erythematous patches c. There is maceration or patches with vesicles d. There is peeling exudate and inflammation
  2. When discussing the appearance of the pox virus with the parents, the nurse does well to characterize its presentation as which of the following? a. Vesicles confined to dermatomes b. Vesicles which eventually dry and form cysts c. Well circumscribed and gray in color d. Flesh toned papules on face and trunk
  3. A child is to be given the antibiotic Ampicillin. The recommended dosage is 80mg/kg/day in 4 doses per day. What is the amount in milligrams to be given in a single dose for the 27kg patient? a. 780 mg b. 540 mg c. 650 mg d. 470 mg
  4. A 4-year-old patient suffering from nephrotic syndrome is admitted to the hospital. Knowing that the patient may be immunocompromised, which roommate should the nurse manager assign to this patient?

a. A 5-year-old with constipation b. A 3-year-old with conjunctivitis c. A 4-year-old with chicken pox d. A 3-year-old with measles

  1. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a combination of VSD, Pulmonary stenosis, an overriding aorta and right ventricular hypertrophy. This allows desaturated blood to shunt from right to left. Which of the following is not generally characteristic of TOF? a. Spontaneous repair b. Risk for seizures c. Sudden death d. Possible emboli
  2. A 12-year-old being seen in the clinic has not previously received the HBV (hepatitis B vaccine). What is the appropriate reply by the nurse? a. Only one dose of HBV is needed to boost immunity b. Two doses of HBV will need to be given today c. The three dose series of HBV should be started d. The series can be postponed and started at age 16, sooner if the child becomes sexually active
  3. Which condition is the child likely to have when he or she presents with symptoms of urinary frequency with a foul odor? a. Vesicoureteral reflux b. Hemolytic uremic syndrome

infusion of NS at maintenance. How many mL/hr will be infused? a. 45 ml/hr b. 32 mL/hr c. 65 mL/hr d. 52 mL/hr

  1. Regarding urinary and renal disorders which of the following is classified as a structural renal disorder involving the backward flow of urine from the bladder into the kidneys? a. Hypospadias b. Hydronephrosis c. Obstructive Uropathy d. Vesicoureteral Reflux
  2. The nurse explains to the parents that surgery to correct a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is to prevent what? a. Pulmonary infection b. Decreased workload on the left side of the heart c. Right to left shunt of blood d. Increased pulmonary vascular congestion
  3. Ventricular Septal Defects (VSD) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases. In explaining the defect to the parents it is important that the nurse include which of the following? a. Spontaneous closure may occur by age 1 if the defect is small b. There is an increased risk for pulmonary edema associated with this condition

c. The larger the VSD, the fewer the symptoms the child will exhibit d. Larger VSDs always lead to the development of pulmonary disease, even after surgery

  1. Bedwetting or enuresis is common in children. Included in the classifications of enuresis are nocturnal, primary and secondary. When discussing secondary enuresis, select the statement below that is the most appropriate. a. The child experiences daytime loss of urine control b. This is bedwetting that occurs mostly at night c. The child has never achieved bladder control, always incontinent d. The child loses bladder control after having established bladder control
  2. Which clinical manifestation is most likely to be observed in an infant with a urinary tract infection? a. Jaundice or mottling b. Weight gain c. Persistent diaper rash d. Decreased thirst
  3. The nurse is in the process of discharging an immunocompromised patient. Prior to releasing the patient it is important for him to ask the family if anyone in the household has recently received which of the following vaccines? a. PVC b. MMR c. IPV

the left ventricle mixes with blood from the right ventricle that may lead to pulmonary vascular disease over time? a. Tetralogy of Fallot b. Coarctation of the aorta c. Truncus arteriosus d. Tricuspid atresia

  1. External defects of the genitourinary tract such as hypospadias are usually repaired as early as possible to ensure which of the following? a. To promote and encourage acceptance of hospitalization b. To promote the development of normal body image c. To prevent complications like constipation d. To prevent the child from experiencing separation anxiety
  2. A 10-year-old female has been admitted with a suspected renal defect. The nurse can speculate that it is likely VUR (vesicoureteral reflux) based on which signs and symptoms are observed in this patient? a. Episodes of vomiting b. Urinary incontinence c. Episodes of diarrhea d. Urinary obstruction
  3. An infant with a congenital heart defect has been experiencing cyanosis exacerbated by his crying. As the nurse is teaching the parents, how would the nurse best explain to the parent how the cyanotic episode can be managed?

a. Attempt to breast/bottle feed the infant until he calms down b. Hold the infant in the knee to chest position c. Initiate intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration d. Place the infant in the semi fowler position

  1. When reviewing immunity and vaccines with the parents of a 2 month old, the nurse is confident that they understand the principles of immunity when the parents make which of the following statements? a. It is important to avoid vaccines at this age because they cause autism b. Immunity is the ability of the body to destroy specific antigens c. Active immunity is transferred from mother to child during breastfeeding d. Passive immunity lasts a lifetime
  2. The cardiac condition Coarctation of the Aorta may present as which of the following on assessment? a. Weak or absent pulses in lower extremities b. Left ventricular enlargement is noted c. A loud machine like murmur on auscultation d. Cardiomegaly is evident on chest radiograph
  3. The caregiver of a child with acute glomerulonephritis asks the nurse why blood pressure readings are being assessed so frequently. How can the nurse best formulate an appropriate response? a. Acute hypertension must be anticipated and identified

parents ask why their child need another one if he had the flu vaccine last year. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? a. Different strains of the flu are used to manufacture the vaccine each year b. The effectiveness of the flu vaccine decreases 6 months after the dose is given c. Children need to receive the flu vaccine yearly due to their immature immune system d. All children require flu booster shots annually up to age 12

  1. A child with heart failure is prescribed antibiotics for a respiratory tract infection. Which action taken by the nurse ensures the likelihood of drug effectiveness? a. Provide extra fluids after administering medications b. Administer the medications first thing in the morning c. Give each dose at equally divided times d. Change the position of the child every 4 hours
  2. Vaccines are classed based on antigen characteristics. Viral or bacterial, live attenuated, killed, toxoid, conjugated, or recombinant. Regarding their classifications, which of the following statements is true? a. Live attenuated uses genetically engineered organisms from bacteria b. Recombivent contains the protein products from bacteria c. Conjugated are the result of linking cell wall polysaccharide portions with protein

d. Killed vaccines are a weakened form of the virus

  1. The nurse recognizes which of the following as being characteristic of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)? a. There may be swelling and an inguinal hernia b. The glomeruli become edematous c. The glomerular filtration rate and albumin levels are severely reduced d. There is acquired hemolytic anemia
  2. Regarding clinical manifestations of glomerulonephritis, which of the following is least likely to be assessed? a. Periorbital edema b. Decreased blood pressure c. Cloudy, brown urine d. Abdominal discomfort
  3. Asking which question will be most helpful to the nurse in identifying potential enuresis in a 6-year-old who recently began wetting the bed? a. Has he had recent blood work done? b. Tell me about his daily routine? c. How long has he been toilet trained? d. Does he participate in sports?
  4. Concerning the cardiovascular disorder Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR), which of the following best illustrates the condition? a. Blood volume to the lungs is decreased in this disorder b. TAPVR leads to pulmonary hypotension c. Oxygenated blood enters the right atrium and passes to the right ventricle

extremities b. Nurse will assess a greater blood pressure in the upper extremities c. Patient at risk for nose bleeds due to decreased proximal pressure d. Patient at risk for pulmonary disease due to decreased pulmonary blood flow

  1. The provider orders Lasix 50mg PO BID. Available is Lasix is available in 10mg/2ml. How many mLs will be administered each dose?? a. 15mL b. 10mL c. 20mL d. 25mL
  2. The provider orders NS to run at maintenance for a patient who weighs 65kg. At how many mLs/hour must you set the IV infusion pump? a. 115 mL/hr b. 100 mL/hr c. 95 mL/hr d. 90 mL/hr
  3. The primary health care provider orders the initial hepatitis B vaccine for a newborn. The nurse correctly administers the intramuscular injection by selecting which site? a. The deltoid site b. The vastus lateralis site c. The dorsogluteal site d. The ventrogluteal site
  1. Some cardiac conditions result in decreased pulmonary blood flow, others have increased blood flow and some are obstructive. Which of the following conditions is a common congenital heart defect in which the nurse would assess an increase in pulmonary blood flow? a. Ventricular septal Defect b. Pulmonic Stenosis c. Aortic Stenosis d. Coarctation of the Aorta
  2. Parents of a 15-month old are sharing their beliefs regarding vaccines with the nurse. Which of the statements made by the parents requires correction? a. The MMR vaccine should not be given because it will cause autism b. For full immunity our son should have the Hep B series completed by age 11 c. Vaccinations are relatively safe and will help to provide immunity for our son d. The varicella vaccine will prevent our son from getting chicken pox
  3. Regarding the genitourinary system and the physiologic differences between children and adults, which statement indicates that further teaching is necessary? a. The urethra is longer decreasing risk for urinary tract infection b. The bladder capacity increases and reaches adult capacity by 1 year of age c. The kidneys are larger in relation to the abdomen and

b. 211 ml c. 241 ml d. 101 ml

  1. The parents of an 8-month old male are concerned because their son is diagnosed with cryptorchidism. In reviewing the treatment plan, which statement by the nurse best describes the procedure for correcting the condition? a. The urinary stream will be directed downward b. The undescended testes will be properly repositioned c. Stenosis of preputial opening of the foreskin will be corrected d. Fluid accumulated around the testicles will be withdrawn
  2. Based on what you know, which sign and or symptom do you expect to assess while caring for a child who has pulmonic stenosis? a. Loud systolic ejection murmur b. Bounding pulses in the upper extremities c. Pulmonary edema d. Pulmonary hypertension