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University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences focuses primarily on which of the following aspects of education? A. the key role of environment in promoting children's learning B. the use of scaffolding techniques to help children learn C. the active involvement of children in learning activities D. the various ways in which children think and learn - correct answers D A PreK-4 teacher can best create a culturally inclusive classroom environment for all students by regularly: A. encouraging students to share information about their cultures with the class. B. celebrating a variety of cultural holidays from around the world with students. C. placing students from similar cultural backgrounds together for small-group activities. D. providing students and their families with information about community cultural events. - correct answers A A kindergarten teacher observes two children playing together. The children are attempting to use blocks and other play materials to build a bridge for their toy cars. The first bridge that they build collapses when they begin to roll the toy cars across it. Which of the following teacher questions would best promote the development of the students' reasoning and problem-solving skills?
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
A. Why do you think the bridge fell over? How can you build the bridge differently? B. What if you pretended that your cars could fly? Would you still need to build a bridge? C. What different objects did you use to make your bridge? How are they different? D. Can you picture a real bridge in your mind? Did your bridge look like a real bridge? - correct answers A Children who demonstrate typical language development most often begin using two- word utterances between the ages of: A. 6 to 9 months. B. 12 to 15 months. C. 18 to 24 months. D. 30 to 36 months. - correct answers C As second-grade students are learning a new science concept, the teacher helps them acquire knowledge and skills that they could not acquire on their own by using prompts, giving suggestions, providing feedback, and modeling activities. In this situation, which of the following strategies is the teacher primarily using to foster students' cognitive development?
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
A. use the Internet and other resources to gather basic information about various world cultures. B. survey students' families to determine what they perceive their role to be in their children's learning. C. examine their own cultures and beliefs and their impact on interactions with students. D. observe individual students in self-selected activities to determine their preferred learning styles. - correct answers C According to convergent research, which of the following factors has been shown to have the greatest effect on a child's language development? A. the age at which the child starts attending preschool or prekindergarten B. the number of family members living at home with the child C. the quality and diversity of books and toys the child is exposed to D. the amount of verbal input the child receives from caregivers and others - correct answers D Which of the following is an essential component of a formative assessment? A. monitoring and adjusting a teaching strategy during the learning process based on individual student progress
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
B. the production of behavioral and academic progress reports that incorporate parental or caregiver insights C. identifying and summarizing an individual student's strengths and needs at the end of a unit or semester D. the development of a timeline designating tasks that will be accomplished by a particular student in a given period of time - correct answers A A third-grade teacher develops an assessment for a particular unit prior to writing up the daily lesson plans for the unit. The most important advantage of this approach is that it helps the teacher: A. align daily lessons and activities with the targeted learning outcomes. B. develop an assessment to match state standards. C. ensure that the assessment will be accessible for all students. D. improve presentation skills for delivering instruction. - correct answers A Which of the following assessment practices would be considered ethical? A. obtaining actual test items to use as examples when preparing students for a standardized assessment B. using ongoing informal assessments of students' learning to guide the instructional process C. determining assessment accommodations for individual students based on
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
B. establishing partnerships with families in the assessment of their children's learning and development C. helping build caring and friendly relationships between the teacher and students D. enhancing families' ability to reinforce at home what their children are learning in school - correct answers B Using spreadsheet software to maintain students' performance data is likely to provide a teacher with the most support in which of the following areas? A. identifying specific gaps in students' learning B. providing students with accurate and timely feedback C. designing activities to address individual learning needs D. determining an appropriate sequence of instruction - correct answers A Which of the following statements best describes a major role of assessment anchors in the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA)? A. providing uniform rules for the types of tests that are allowed to be administered to students in preparing for the PSSA B. clarifying the standards assessed on the PSSA to support students' learning of essential skills and knowledge C. defining the diverse range of tasks that underlie the educational goals
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
assessed on the PSSA at different grade levels D. providing a conversion tool for converting a particular student's PSSA score into a grade-level equivalent - correct answers B A fourth-grade class includes a number of students who are English language learners. The teacher is designing formative assessment to measure students' understanding of a specific science concept. When developing this assessment, the teacher can use Pennsylvania's Language Proficiency Standards for English Language Learners PreK-12 (ELPS) most effectively to: A. identify the particular supports that individual students are likely to require during the assessment. B. help ensure that the language function of the assessment is appropriate for the students' level of English language proficiency. C. make adaptations to the core content assessed that are appropriate for the students' academic levels. D. determine whether students have achieved the necessary level of English language proficiency to participate in the assessment. - correct answers B A student who is an English language learner who qualifies for migrant education services joins a second-grade class partly into the school year. The teacher is preparing to administer a variety of informal assessments to the student. Which of the following teacher goals should be the main focus of these assessments? A. evaluating whether the student demonstrates any signs of a disability
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
C. offering after-school peer tutoring for students who need extra help reading the content D. providing a list of vocabulary words and definitions to students in advance of the reading - correct answers A A second-grade teacher is reading a story aloud to a class that includes several students who are English language learners. Throughout the reading, the teacher pauses to verify students' comprehension. The teacher encourages all students to speak and participate in discussions during and after the reading. Which of the following types of feedback from the teacher would provide meaningful English language input to the students who are English language learners during the discussions? A. repeating what students say to model correct pronunciation B. posing literal questions that elicit one- or two-word answers C. giving simple explanations about basic grammar rules and syntax D. responding to the intent and content of the students' utterances - correct answers D Jessica, a 6 month old baby in the infant room, has been losing weight, is irritable and has been tired and sleepy everyday she is at the center. On top of that, Jessica does not smile or make any type of social response to her caretakers and she is showing indicators that she is delayed in motor development. Lastly, Jessica does not appear to have a bond with anyone that cares for her, even her mother. What is the developmental concern that may be happening with Jessica?
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
A. Going through a growth spurt B. Jessica is exhibiting signs that she has a developmental disorder like autism C. Jessica is showing signs that she is failing to thrive D. Jessica is showing symptoms of a slow to warm up child - correct answers C One of the most important responsibilities of a teacher is the construction of valid and reliable tests. Which of the following is not one of the basic principles of test construction? A. Construct a blueprint that reflects the objectives of the content to be learned. B. Include only students who have mastered the set of criteria necessary for the test. C. Be sure that tests reflect the emphasis given to various objectives during instruction of knowledge and/or skills. D. Follow best testing procedures for the area of knowledge or the skill the student is expected to acquire. - correct answers B Teachers often have students share what they write with a group or a partner. What is the best reason for having students share writing pieces? A. So that students can help each other edit taking the burden from the teacher. B. Students will help each other by responding as readers or listeners. C. The partner is a different audience each time a piece is read.
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
A. Partial Alphabetic B. Automatic C. Full Alphabetic D. Consolidated Alphabetic - correct answers D Teaching students that concrete objects can be used to represent the real thing indicates that a lesson is using which of the following scientific instructional themes. A. Systems B. Models C. Constancy and Change D. Scale - correct answers B What is 150% of 0.024? A. 0. B. 0. C. 0. D. 0.3 - correct answers A
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
Three or four phases of cardiac rehabilitation may be conducted for patients having suffered a myocardial infarction. At which phase would exercise physiologists most likely begin performing cardiac rehabilitation exercises? A. Phase I B. Phase II C. Phase III D. Phase IV - correct answers B Which of the following measuring activities would be introduced last in a second grade classroom? A. Measuring a desk using paper clips B. Measuring a desk using a meter stick C. Measuring a carpet using your feet D. Measuring the length of a desk using unit squares - correct answers B In addition to immunization records, what pre-primary screening and assessment information may be gathered during a child's nursery school, child care, or Head Start years? A. The child's attention span, attention to detail, and hobby interests.
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
In preschool, play is a primary learning tool. It is the child's work. Which of the following is a process of play? A. Observing B. Exploring C. Hypothesizing D. All of the above - correct answers D Jenny has difficulty with holding her bladder. She takes medication and needs frequent trips to the restroom. Her mother wants to make sure that her issues are dealt with fairly when she begins school. Which of the following might be enacted in Jenny's case? A. Due process B. Section 504 f the Rehabilitation Act C. An IEP D. LRE - correct answers B A typical 4 year old child is able to do all but which of the following?
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
A. Follow three-part directions. B. Talk about her experiences. C. Understand time concepts. D. Define words. - correct answers D Which of the following is a content area in early childhood development? A. Aesthetics. B. Scaffolding learning. C. Establishing learning centers. D. Encouraging play. - correct answers A What is Not an aspect of the "whole child" according to Steiner? A. Mental. B. Physical. C. Spiritual. D. Play. - correct answers D
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
student participate in this activity? A. providing an individual copy of the book to the student to look at B. arranging for the student to listen to a recording of the story at a later time C. obtaining a large print copy of the book to read aloud to the class D. sitting in front of a well-lit window while reading - correct answers A An IEP annual review meeting has been scheduled for a second-grade student who is currently placed in a general education classroom full time. Which of the following elements of the review is most likely to be provided by the student's general education teacher? A. a recommendation for additional diagnostic testing for the student B. an explanation of the student's standardized test scores C. a description of the present level of performance the student has achieved D. an overview of the nature of the student's special needs - correct answers C Which of the following statements accurately describes a central principle of the family systems theory? A. Families' internal dynamics are directly influenced by the community environment. B. Patterns of interaction within families remain consistent over time.
University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA)
C. Families evolve through predictable and identifiable developmental stages. D. Individual family members are mutually influenced by and dependent on one another. - correct answers D In support of a school-wide initiative to enhance the learning environment for students with disabilities, fourth-grade teachers will be participating in regular meetings with special education professionals. The primary focus of these meetings should be to: A. identify innovative techniques that can be implemented to meet the needs of students with disabilities. B. analyze the classroom performance of students with disabilities and agree on revisions to make to the students' IEPs. C. determine the most appropriate instructional settings for students with disabilities. D. examine the effectiveness of current practices in meeting the needs of students with disabilities and make adjustments as needed. - correct answers D Federal law allows schools to disclose information in a student's educational records without parental consent to which of the following individuals? A. representatives of community agencies that provide services to the school B. educators with legitimate educational interest in the student C. staff at postsecondary institutions who are conducting educational research D. teachers who provide instruction to the student's sibling(s) - correct answers B
