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exam with correct and verified answers
Phonetics - correct answers the study of the acoustical and articulatory characteristics of human speech sounds Larynx - correct answers the "voice box". has vocal folds/cords Types of phonemes (speech sounds) - correct answers there are 10. they vary in the "place of articulation" - the location in the vocal tract that changes shape due to muscular movements, and modifies the sound of the air flowing through the vocal tract Manner of articulation - correct answers how the tongue and/or lips control air flow to vary phonemes Phonological awareness (1 of 4) - correct answers ability to talk about speech sounds, to think about them and manipulate them into various combinations, sequences and patterns. facilitates children's ability to make connections between sounds and alphabet letters, hence facilitating phonics Encoding - correct answers blending/combining individual sounds/letters to form words Oral language development - correct answers provide language-rich environments. helps to connect with others and make sense of reality. a product of nature and nurture. peer learning is a significant component.
exam with correct and verified answers
Syntax - correct answers related to a language's rules for correctly combining morphemes and words into suffixes/inflections, sentences, questions, imperatives, etc. CAR - correct answers Comment - adult comments on what child is doing. wait 5 seconds. Ask - adult asks questions to continue conversation or start a new one. wait 5 seconds. Respond - adult repeats child's response then adds more information Real conversations - correct answers interest the child. consist of 3-4 turns. improves vocabulary development and listening comprehension. have at least one with every child every day. ESL and ZPD - correct answers teachers can use direct instruction, ask challenging questions, and/or model correct English pronunciation and grammar Conversational English (ESL) - correct answers requires basic skills used in interpersonal communication in everyday life, including basic vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. informal. sound fluent. often do poorly on homework and tests Academic English (ESL) - correct answers more cognitively demanding content specific vocabulary. complex - compound sentence syntax. students must master it to understand textbooks, solve word problems, write reports/papers, and develop problem-solving and critical thinking skills needed to comprehend and communicate abstract and novel concepts Input hypothesis (Krashen &Terrell) - correct answers like ZPD. uses i+
exam with correct and verified answers
Alphabetic knowledge - correct answers an awareness that written letters represent spoken sounds Developing English language literacy - correct answers children's ESL progress relies on their phonological awareness, oral language knowledge, grasp of the alphabetic principle, their print awareness, and their book knowledge. Teachers can provide visual aids and graphic organizers, paraphrase, repeat things, communicate high learning expectations. Teachers should assess student progress often, collaborate with other adults in their community, activate and access children's background knowledge, and connect content to children's lives. Print awareness - correct answers the understanding that print conveys meaning, amd the understanding of print's form and function. generally at 3-5 years old. can recite the alphabet, identify printed letters, recognize printed words, and use print to communicate Interactive book reading - correct answers a teaching method that should be used at least once per day with each child either individually or in pairs. purpose is to stimulate responsive, reciprocal instructional conversations between child and teacher. employs 3 strategies: 3S, wh- questions, and expanded book reading Incorporating problem solving strategies and decision making skills - correct answers children learn to self-regulate their emotions and behaviors, develop social skills, and develop higher order cognitive skills Literature genres - correct answers picture books/story books, poetry (concrete verse, free verse, and rhymed and metered verse; emphasizes the sounds and meanings of words and appeals to reader's emotions and thoughts), fairy tales, fables, folklore, epics, proverbs, fantasy, and non-fiction.
exam with correct and verified answers
Phonological awareness (1 of 4) - correct answers children recognize rhymes they hear, can rhyme words, can "count" syllables in a word by clapping, and can identify words with matching initial sounds Vocabulary - correct answers 1) Listening, 2) Speaking, 3) Reading, 4) Writing Fluency - correct answers the ability to read quickly, accurately, and smoothly both silently and aloud, and to read aloud with appropriate vocal intonations and expression Comprehension - correct answers to have good reading comprehension, children must be able to: 1) decode the words they read, 2) connect what they read to things they already know, and 3) think about what they have read in depth. vocabulary skills play a major role. children with good comprehension skills can: 1) make conclusions about what they read, 2) identify factual elements, and 3) determine causes of specific events. involves a combination of reading, thinking, and reasoning. Reading components of phonological and phonemic awareness - correct answers 1) word decoding, 2) phonics, 3) fluency, 4) vocabulary, and 5) comprehension CAPDs (Central Auditory Processing Disorders) - correct answers have problems attending to, listening to, and remembering spoken information, and often take longer to process auditory input. frequently cannot differentiate among sounds in words that sound similar to other phonemes, despite being able to hear them clearly. causes decoding difficulties.
