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PCHA Exam Study Guide | Latest 2025 / 2026
Update | Questions and Verified Answers |
Personal Care Home Administrator | GRADED A
(100% Correct Solutions)
ADL
activity of daily living. includes eating, drinking, bathing, ambulating, transferring in and out of bed, toileting, self administering drugs IADL instrumental activities of daily living. doing laundry, shopping, keeping clean, seasonal clothing, securing and using transportation, managing finances, personal possessions, engaging in activities signs of pressure ulcers heat, redness, tenderness, discomfort, feeling of burning, darkened area after 20 minutes pressure ulcer forms stage 1 pressure ulcer nonblanchable erythema of intact skin, discoloration of skin, warmth to the touch, or hardness stage 2 pressure ulcer
partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis and dermis. ulcer is superficial-presents as an abrasion, blister or shallow crater stage 3 pressure ulcer full thickness skin loss involving damage or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down to but not through underlying fascia. Ulcer presents with or without undermining or adjacent tissue stage 4 pressure ulcer full thickness skin loss with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis or damage to muscle or bone or supporting structures how to prevent pressure ulcers re position every 2 hours, provide good skin care, apply lotion to dry skin, clean bed linens with no wrinkles, use pillows to keep skin from skin contact wound assessment check list location of wound, size of wound, dressings, drainage such as color smell and amount, tunneling, stage of wound, pressure reducing devices client assessment what are they capable of doing? dignity issues, adult games, who they were before when they were young
activities to avoid for memory impaired long explanations, busy work without a purpose, things that require extensive use of memory, childlike activities Accrual Basis Accounting accounting basis in which revenues are assigned to the accounting period in which earned regardless if whether or not received in cash expensive incurred in earning the revenues are deducted from the revenues regardless of whether or not cash has been disbursed in their payment Cash Basis of Accounting accounting in which revenues are reported as being earned in the accounting period in which cash is received and expenses are deducted from revenues in the accounting period in which cash is disbursed for their payment ACCOUNTING a service activity to provide quantitative information about personal care homes. The info is primarily financial in nature and is intended to be useful in making business decisions Why do we budget financial viability, expenses vs. revenue- Are we making money? budget process planning, fiscal year- JAN-DEC, JULY-JUNE, OCT-SEPT
types of budgets operating, capital, and staffing staff time per resident 20 residents all mobile= 5 staff @ 8 hr day 20 residents, 10 immobile= 6 staff 20 residents, all immobile= 7 staff members Financial statements formal records of the financial activities of a business, person or other entity, balance sheet, income statement, retained earnings, statement cash flow HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, protecting healthcare coverage, incremental healthcare reform safe guards for health records documentation, transmission, assure privacy, security autonomy individual dignity, self determination and rights maintain their dignity Beneficience
quality of life pch are to care for residents to promote maintenance or enhancement of quality of life of each resident. Dignity, respect, self determination ombudsman program Swedish parliament in 1809 role was to listen to complaints, the role today is to help residents with questions or a conflict. they investigate complaints and offer assistance rights to discharge or transfer a resident if a resident is a danger to them self or others, if legal entity chooses to voluntarily close down the home, if their health changes and the home can not provide their care, if the resident violates the house rules to transfer or discharge a resident 30 day written notice, sufficient preparation and orientation for the move complaints 2 days after written complaint, pch must submit a status report and steps that are being taken to resolve it within 7 days of the complaint a written decision explaining the results of the complaint
active listening act of hearing and responding to both the content and the feeling of what is being said, provide feedback to confirm your listening state licensing regulations are in place to protect the health, safety and well being of the residents by 2030, _______ of the American population will be composed of racial and ethnic minority groups 40% culture refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that includes: language customs, thoughts or beliefs, communications, actions, institutions of racial, ethnic religious or social groups Title 6 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 no person in the united states shall be denied the benefits of or be otherwise subjected to discrimination under any federally supported program DHHS (Department of Health and Human Services) funded health programs are required to provide patients with limited english access to services equal to that of english speaking people JCAHO
State laws refers to statutes enacted by General Assembly, usually needs the governor,s signature, which are new laws, or amendments to prior laws. legal entity is a person or society, governing authority or partnership responsible for the administration and operation of a PHC (55 pa. code 20.4) state regulations refers to rule, interpretations, and other guidance published by State agencies such as the Public of welfare by PA Federal Law refers to statutes enacted by Congress usually the presidents signature, prior to laws Federal agencies can make new rules through adjudications that decides cases involving disputes about rules through a hearing process 3 sections of the UCC (uniform commercial code) Chapter 401- certification for code administrators chapter 403- administration(permits, inspections) chapter 405- elevators, lifting devices
OSHA
job safety and health protection EEO equal employment opportunity FLSA fair labor standard act form I- 9 Identity and employment eligibility verification; documentation must be provided PCH are licensed through Public welfare 55 Pa code chapters 20 and 2600 PCH is to refund within 30 days when the living unit is cleared of the personal care property of deceased resident Purpose of ADA-Americans with Disabilities Act Made discrimination of disabled people illegal in all settings:
under what circumstances can a pch complete a background check on an employee? upon hire mental health is a psychological state of ones well being, sense of purpose in life, self acceptance Psycosis out of reach with reality Neurosis reality intact Affective disorder (mood disorder) can range from intense elation and irritability to severe depression Major mood disorders depressive, bipolar, substance induced mood disdorders Bipolar 1 at least 1 manic episode and at least 1 depressive episode
bipolar 2 Characterized by bouts of major depression with episodic occurrence of hypomania Has never met criteria for full manic episode hypomanic episode A distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased activity or energy, lasting at least 4 consecutive days and present most of the day, nearly every day. treatment for depression medications include heterocylic, monamine oxidase inhibitors, lithium, and selective serotonin What is schizophrenia? loss of reality, life long disorder, takes up more beds in a psychiatric beds then any other mental disease, usually occurs early in life personality disorder enduring patterns of thinking, feeling, or relating to others or controlling impulses that deviate from cultural expectations and cause distress or impaired functioning mental disorders are broken into clusters
Personal needs allowance (PNA) is used for the personal hygiene products, which includes briefs, clothing and other needs or wants if a home has more than _____ for more than 2 consecutive months, administrator must offer and interest based bearing account $ intellectual disability a disability characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, which covers many everyday social and practical skills components of the ID/DD CMS, SCU (support coordination unit) Support coordination unit gathers information about each person to assist with locating supports and services The state component is Office of Development programs ODP
Delirum vs Dementia delirum occurs abruptly and fluctuate through the day where as dementia disrupts your ADL, and memory changes amnesia loss of memory aphasia inability to speak apraxia inability to organize movement abulia the loss or impairment of the ability to make decisions Alzheimer disease disease of structural changes in the brain resulting in an irreversible deterioration that progresses from forgetfulness and disorientation to loss of all intellectual functions, total disability, and death there are 3 consistent neuropathological hallmarks (pathology of alzheimers disease)
