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PBH 110 Final Exam Review, Exams of Public Health

Taylor UniversityPublic Health

Final review for Introduction to Public health.

Typology: Exams

2020/2021

Uploaded on 03/23/2021

joelle-buller
joelle-buller 🇺🇸

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Final Exam Thursday PBH 110
Chapters 11-30
Chapter 11-Chronic Diseases
oMost are preventable
oMultiple causes-risk factors
oLong period of onset
oPossibility of secondary prevention
Still in preclinical state
oMost require animal models
oMajor diseases to review
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes-factors that lead to insulin resistance
Cancer
Alzheimer’s and other dementias
Arthritis
Be familiar with each disease and big picture ideas of how Public Health can
address prevention
Chapter 12-Maternal Health
oTeratogen- something that causes a birth defect
oCongenital defects
Major cause of death and disability in infants and chldres
3-4% of newborns have major abnormality apparent at birth
Causes
Inherited genes
Birth injury
Mothers exposed to teratogens
oEnvironmental Tertogens
Infectious pathogens
Environmental chemicals
Drugs
Alcohol
Tobacco and Illegal Drugs are NOT teratogens but do cause problems
oNewborn screenings
Drop test for metabolic abnormalities
All are screened for PKU and hypothyroidism
Some conditions are difficult to test for (cystic fibrosis)
Only when it benefits the newborn
Chapter 13-actual causes of death
oKnow the leading causes of death and the actual causes of death
oImportance of education, regulation, prohibition (?)
oSocial Determinants of health
Education level, economic stability, neighborhood and built environment, health
and health care, social and community context
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Final Exam Thursday PBH 110 Chapters 11-  Chapter 11-Chronic Diseases o Most are preventable o Multiple causes-risk factors o Long period of onset o Possibility of secondary prevention  Still in preclinical state o Most require animal models o Major diseases to reviewCardiovascular diseaseDiabetes-factors that lead to insulin resistanceCancerAlzheimer’s and other dementiasArthritisBe familiar with each disease and big picture ideas of how Public Health can address prevention  Chapter 12-Maternal Health o Teratogen- something that causes a birth defect o Congenital defects  Major cause of death and disability in infants and chldres  3-4% of newborns have major abnormality apparent at birth  Causes  Inherited genes  Birth injury  Mothers exposed to teratogens o Environmental Tertogens  Infectious pathogens  Environmental chemicals  Drugs  Alcohol  Tobacco and Illegal Drugs are NOT teratogens but do cause problems o Newborn screenings  Drop test for metabolic abnormalities  All are screened for PKU and hypothyroidism  Some conditions are difficult to test for (cystic fibrosis)  Only when it benefits the newborn  Chapter 13-actual causes of death o Know the leading causes of death and the actual causes of death o Importance of education, regulation, prohibition (?) o Social Determinants of health  Education level, economic stability, neighborhood and built environment, health and health care, social and community context

 Chapter 14- Social Factors of health o Health is predicted by SES o Racial minorities have poorer health than whites o Health is also affected by gender, marital status, race, and ethnicity o Why SES?  Nutition  Sanitation  Conditions of the physical environment o Psychological factors  Stress  Adverse physical social conditions  Mortality  Changes, dailty hassles  Social Supports  Buffer stress  Microagressions o Health belief model  Several factors determine whether a person is likely to change behavior when faced with a health issue  Extent of vulnerability  Severity of threat  Barriers to taking action  Perceived effectiveness of taking action  (Self-efficacy)-the sense of having control over one’s life o Transthrorestical Model- making a change requires a process  Precontemplation  Contemplation  Preparation  Action  Maintenance  Example: smoking cessation o Ecological Model  Intrapersonal level  Interpersonal level  Institutional  Community  Public policy  Chapter 15-Tobacco o Respiratory diseases o Role of nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide