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Patient-Centered Approaches, Study notes of Nursing

Abdellah's theory about nursing problems.

Typology: Study notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 03/31/2022

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FAYE GLENN ABDELLAH
(PATIENT-CENTERED APPROACHES)
HUMAN BEINGS
describes the recipients of nursing as individuals (and families, and thus, society),
but does not delineate her beliefs or assumptions about the nature of human
beings
HEALTH
Although Abdellah does not give a definition of health, she speaks to “total health
needs” and “a healthy state of mind and body” in her description of nursing as a
comprehensive service.
SOCIETY
Included in “planning for optimum health on local, state, national, and international
levels”.
She indicates that by providing service to individuals and families, society is
served but does not discuss society as a patient nor define society.
NURSING
Abdellah considers nursing to be a comprehensive service that is based on an art
and science and aims to help people, sick or well, cope with their health needs.
Broadly grouped into the 21 problem areas to guide care and promote the use of
nursing judgment.
ABDELLAH’S THEORY
States that nursing is the use of the problem-solving approach with key nursing
problems related to the health needs of people.
NURSING PROBLEMS
The patient’s health needs can be viewed as problems, which may be overt as an
apparent condition, or covert as a hidden or concealed one.
Nursing problem presented by a patient is a condition faced by the patient or
patient’s family that the nurse, through the performance of professional functions,
can assist them to meet.
Abdellah’s use of the term nursing problems can be interpreted as more
consistent with “nursing functions” or “nursing goals” than with patient-centered
problems; this viewpoint could lead to an orientation that is more nursing-
centered than patient-centered.
In her typology of basic nursing problems presented by patients, she includes
three columns: basic nursing problems presented by the patient, specific
problem of patient, and common conditions
THE TWENTY-ONE NURSING PROBLEMS
The crucial element within Abdellah’s theory is the correct identification of nursing
problems.
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FAYE GLENN ABDELLAH

(PATIENT-CENTERED APPROACHES)

HUMAN BEINGS

  • describes the recipients of nursing as individuals (and families, and thus, society), but does not delineate her beliefs or assumptions about the nature of human beings

HEALTH

  • Although Abdellah does not give a definition of health, she speaks to “total health needs” and “a healthy state of mind and body” in her description of nursing as a comprehensive service.

SOCIETY

  • Included in “planning for optimum health on local, state, national, and international levels”.
  • She indicates that by providing service to individuals and families, society is served but does not discuss society as a patient nor define society.

NURSING

  • Abdellah considers nursing to be a comprehensive service that is based on an art and science and aims to help people, sick or well, cope with their health needs.
  • Broadly grouped into the 21 problem areas to guide care and promote the use of nursing judgment.

ABDELLAH’S THEORY

  • States that nursing is the use of the problem-solving approach with key nursing problems related to the health needs of people.

NURSING PROBLEMS

  • The patient’s health needs can be viewed as problems, which may be overt as an apparent condition, or covert as a hidden or concealed one.
  • Nursing problem presented by a patient is a condition faced by the patient or patient’s family that the nurse, through the performance of professional functions, can assist them to meet.
  • Abdellah’s use of the term nursing problems can be interpreted as more consistent with “nursing functions” or “nursing goals” than with patient-centered problems; this viewpoint could lead to an orientation that is more nursing- centered than patient-centered.
  • In her typology of basic nursing problems presented by patients, she includes three columns: basic nursing problems presented by the patient, specific problem of patient, and common conditions

THE TWENTY-ONE NURSING PROBLEMS

  • The crucial element within Abdellah’s theory is the correct identification of nursing problems.
  • These 21 nursing problems focus on the physical, biological, and socio- psychological needs of the patient and attempt to provide a more meaningful basis for organization than the categories of the systems of the body (see TABLE

TABLE 1. ABDELLAH’S 21 NURSING PROBLEMS

1. To maintain good hygiene and physical comfort

2. To promote optimal activity; exercise, rest and sleep

3. To promote safety though the prevention of accident, injury, or other trauma

and through the prevention of the spread of infection

4. To maintain good body mechanics and prevent and correct deformities

5. To facilitate the maintenance of a supply of oxygen to all body cells

6. To facilitate the maintenance of nutrition of all body cells

7. To facilitate the maintenance of elimination

8. To facilitate the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance

9. To recognize the physiological responses of the body to disease conditions –

pathological, physiological, and compensatory

10. To facilitate the maintenance of regulatory mechanisms and functions

11. To facilitate the maintenance of sensory functions

12. To identify and accept positive and negative expressions, feelings and

reactions

13. To identify and accept the interrelatedness of emotions and organic illness

14. To facilitate the maintenance of effective verbal and non-verbal

communication

15. To promote the development of productive interpersonal relationships

16. To facilitate progress toward achievement of personal spiritual goals

17. To create and/or maintain a therapeutic environment

18. To facilitate awareness of self as an individual with varying physical,

emotional, and developmental needs

19. To accept the optimum possible goals in the light of limitations, physical and

emotional

20. To use community resources as an aid in resolving problems arising from

illness

21. To understand the role of social problems as influencing factors in the cause

of illness