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Understanding Infectious Diseases: Definitions and Factors, Quizzes of Biochemistry

Definitions for key terms related to infectious diseases, including the concept of infectious disease, innate resistance, paths of entry, minimal infective dose, and virulence factors. It also discusses host resistance factors and the role of physical and chemical defenses.

Typology: Quizzes

2012/2013

Uploaded on 05/14/2013

amygouldsbrough
amygouldsbrough 🇬🇧

22 documents

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TERM 1
Mathematically
DEFINITION 1
Infectious Disease = No, of Organisms x Virulence Host
ResistanceHost Resistance Factors:
Diet, stress (risk factors)
Age, genetics, vaccination etc
TERM 2
Innate Resistance
DEFINITION 2
Natural host resistance - variable
Physical and chemical defences - provide resistance
Tissue specificity - must adhere to site which is
compatible for adhesion
TERM 3
Paths of Entry
DEFINITION 3
Ingress - entry without crossing
barriersinhalationingestionsexual contactPenetration -
entry by crossing epitheliainsect bitescuts and
woundsblood transfusion / sexual contact
TERM 4
Minimal Infective Dose (MID)
DEFINITION 4
Measure of infectivity - based on the number of microbes
initiating disease.The less needed to cause disease - great
the infectivity - MID
TERM 5
Virulence Factors
DEFINITION 5
Virulence = degree of pathogenicityVirulence factors =
components of microbe which if lost reduce virulence (toxins
etc)Virulent strains of bacteria have virulence factors and
cause diseaseAvirulent strains of bacteria do not cause
disease as they lack virulence factors
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TERM 1

Mathematically

DEFINITION 1 Infectious Disease = No, of Organisms x Virulence Host ResistanceHost Resistance Factors: Diet, stress (risk factors) Age, genetics, vaccination etc TERM 2

Innate Resistance

DEFINITION 2 Natural host resistance - variable Physical and chemical defences - provide resistance Tissue specificity - must adhere to site which is compatible for adhesion TERM 3

Paths of Entry

DEFINITION 3 Ingress - entry without crossing barriers inhalationingestionsexual contact Penetration - entry by crossing epithelia insect bitescuts and woundsblood transfusion / sexual contact TERM 4

Minimal Infective Dose (MID)

DEFINITION 4 Measure of infectivity - based on the number of microbes initiating disease.The less needed to cause disease - great the infectivity - MID TERM 5

Virulence Factors

DEFINITION 5 Virulence = degree of pathogenicityVirulence factors = components of microbe which if lost reduce virulence (toxins etc)Virulent strains of bacteria have virulence factors and cause diseaseAvirulent strains of bacteria do not cause disease as they lack virulence factors