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Definitions for key terms related to infectious diseases, including the concept of infectious disease, innate resistance, paths of entry, minimal infective dose, and virulence factors. It also discusses host resistance factors and the role of physical and chemical defenses.
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TERM 1
DEFINITION 1 Infectious Disease = No, of Organisms x Virulence Host ResistanceHost Resistance Factors: Diet, stress (risk factors) Age, genetics, vaccination etc TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 Natural host resistance - variable Physical and chemical defences - provide resistance Tissue specificity - must adhere to site which is compatible for adhesion TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 Ingress - entry without crossing barriers inhalationingestionsexual contact Penetration - entry by crossing epithelia insect bitescuts and woundsblood transfusion / sexual contact TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 Measure of infectivity - based on the number of microbes initiating disease.The less needed to cause disease - great the infectivity - MID TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 Virulence = degree of pathogenicityVirulence factors = components of microbe which if lost reduce virulence (toxins etc)Virulent strains of bacteria have virulence factors and cause diseaseAvirulent strains of bacteria do not cause disease as they lack virulence factors