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patho study guide final, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Nursing

Nursing course for BSN pathophysiology

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2023/2024

Uploaded on 06/10/2025

monica-sias
monica-sias 🇺🇸

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Final review
1. Pain management – opioids need to assess constipation
a. Need high fiber diet = leafy and green (kale, spinach, broccoli, etc.)
b. PRN meds – need reassessment 30mins later for pain
2. Triage = 1st excruciating pain or can’t breathe
3. 9 dosage questions
4. RACE = acronym for fire and how to use
5. Delegation – RN vs LVN (simple dressings, simple meds are LVN)
6. Oxygenation – orthopnea, dyspnea, hematosis (coughing up blood)
7. Chovstek sign
8. Incandescent lighting = dim lighting
9. 3-4 Therapeutic communication questions
10.4 NGN style questions including select all that apply
11.
Urinary Stress GI
Assess for Urinary
incontinence = risk of skin
breakdown, rash, pressure
ulcer formation
Bladder/Bowel
training
Kegel exercises
Self-concept
Self-esteem
Different relaxation
methods
Biofeedback
Imagery
Mediation
Journaling
Etc
Different alternative meds
– acupuncture,
chiropractor
Sleep stages
Colostomies
Different
placements
Stool color and
how this depends
on placement of
colostomy
Fecal occult blood
test
Clean stoma with
just water
Stoma needs to be
beefy red
Nurse needs to
assess stoma, stool
and wear a face
covering to protect
pf3
pf4
pf5

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Final review

  1. Pain management – opioids need to assess constipation a. Need high fiber diet = leafy and green (kale, spinach, broccoli, etc.) b. PRN meds – need reassessment 30mins later for pain
  2. Triage = 1st^ excruciating pain or can’t breathe
  3. 9 dosage questions
  4. RACE = acronym for fire and how to use
  5. Delegation – RN vs LVN (simple dressings, simple meds are LVN)
  6. Oxygenation – orthopnea, dyspnea, hematosis (coughing up blood)
  7. Chovstek sign
  8. Incandescent lighting = dim lighting
  9. 3-4 Therapeutic communication questions 10.4 NGN style questions including select all that apply

Urinary Stress GI Assess for Urinary incontinence = risk of skin breakdown, rash, pressure ulcer formation  Bladder/Bowel training  Kegel exercises Self-concept Self-esteem Different relaxation methods  Biofeedback  Imagery  Mediation  Journaling  Etc Different alternative meds

  • acupuncture, chiropractor Sleep stages Colostomies  Different placements  Stool color and how this depends on placement of colostomy  Fecal occult blood test  Clean stoma with just water  Stoma needs to be beefy red  Nurse needs to assess stoma, stool and wear a face covering to protect

nurse from leakage, put a covering on top of stoma while changing  Burping the bag – to rid of the gas  Change colostomy bag 1 per week  Empty bag when ¾ full Dehydration = fluid and electrolytes (especially potassium)  Laxatives decrease potassium and increase magnesium  Too much Magnesium can cause heart rate to drop Signs and symptoms of UTI’s, Cati’s (Catheter associated UTI’s), bladder scanners Enemas and proper admin of enemas: temp of water, positioning of pt, what happens if too fast or too slow and how to fix (lower the bag to fix) Different stages of ulcers

Shave hairy chest with clippers before surgery Splinting, dehinsis, Restraints = last resort Must be: quick- release pull, attach to side rails, assess limbs so restraints aren’t too tight, Consents and nurses role in surgery prep is witness only, doesn’t explain anything Cardiac diet – Baseline prior to surgery Chapter 6 - Delegation RN CNA LVN  Patient assessment  Patient education Tasks that require nursing judgement  Intake- assess patient before you let anyone else  Make sure person is competent before  Bathing  Dressing  Feeding patients who do not have swallowing difficulties  Positioning  Taking vitals  Making beds  Enteral feedings  Urinary catheter  Trach care  Medication administration  Suctioning  Reinforce patient teaching

delegation  Direction/ communication: make sure to communicate, time line, expected results, etc. [be specific]  Make sure you are doing the right supervision and evaluation ▪Always assess before you take action ▪ What is the priority action by the nurse? Assessment is always first o Analysis and more data collection   Collecting specimens never assign a patient who is unstable to an LVN or CNA should be repetitive, noninvasive, not much supervision