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✔✔Epinephrine You are called to help treat an infant with severe symptomatic bradycardia (heart rate 66/min) associated with respiratory distress. The bradycardia persists despite establishment of an effective airway, oxygenation, and ventilation. There is no heart block present. Which is the first drug you should administer? Initial impression of a 2yo girl shows her to be alert with mild breathing difficulty during inspiration and pale skin color. On primary assessment, she makes high-pitched inspiratory sounds (mild stridor) when agitated; otherwise, her breathing is quiet. Her spO2 is 92% on room air, and she has mild inspiratory intercostal retractions. Lung auscultation reveals transmitted upper airway sounds with adequate distal breath sounds bilaterally. Which is the most appropriate initial intervention for this child? You are part of a team attempting to resuscitate a child with ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. You delivered 2 unsynchronized shocks. A team member established IO access, so you give a dose of epinephrine, 0.01 mg/kg IO. At the next rhythm check, persistent ventricular fibrillation is present. You administer a 4 J/kg shock and resume CPR. Which drug and dose should be administered next? ✔✔Amiodarone 5 mg/kg IO
PALS Pre Test WITH VERIFIED Questions and Answers LATEST
UPDATE 2025 (Graded A+)
✔✔Humidified oxygen as tolerated
Which statement is correct about the effects of epinephrine during attempted resuscitation? ✔✔Epinephrine stimulates spontaneous contractions when asystole is present A previously healthy infant with a history of vomiting and diarrhea is brought to the emergency department by her parents. During your assessment, you find that the infant responds only to painful stimulation. ✔✔Administer a bolus of isotonic crystalloid 20 ml/kg over 5- 20 minutes, and also give D25W 2 - 4 ml/kg IV Which statement is correct about endotracheal drug administration during resuscitative efforts for pediatric patients? ✔✔It is the least desirable route of administration Which statement is correct about the use of calcium chloride in pediatric patients? ✔✔Routine administration is not indicated during cardiac arrest A 9yo boy is agitated and leaning forward on the bed in obvious respiratory distress. ✔✔Albuterol Which oxygen delivery system most reliably delivers a high (90% or greater) concentration of inspired oxygen to a 7yo child? ✔✔Nonrebreathing face mask
You are assisting in the elective intubation of an average-sized 4yo child with respiratory failure. A colleague is retrieving the color-coded length-based tape from the resuscitation cart. Which of the following is likely to be the estimated size of the uncuffed endotracheal tube for this child? ✔✔5mm tube A pale and very sleepy but arousable 3yo child with a hx of diarrhea is brought to the hospital. Primary assessment reveals a respiratory rate of 45/min with good breath sounds bilaterally ✔✔Administer a bolus of 20 ml/kg isotonic crystalloid You are evaluating an irritable 6yo girl with mottled skin color. ✔✔Compensated shock associated with tachycardia and inadequate tissue perfusion You assisted with the elective endotracheal intubation of a child with respiratory failure and a perfusing rhythm ✔✔Adequate bilateral breath sounds and chest expansion plus detection of ETCO2 with waveform capnography You and another rescuer begin CPR. Your colleague begins compressions, and you notice that the compression rate is too slow. What should you say to offer constructive feedback? ✔✔You need to compress at a rate of 100 - 120 per minute."
A 10mo infant boy is brought to the emergency department. Your initial assessment reveals a lethargic, pale infant with slow respirations and slow, weak central pulses. ✔✔Epinephrine 0. mg/kg IV/IO A 1yo boy is brought to the emergency department for evaluation of poor feeding, irritability, and sweating ✔✔Administer adenosine 0.1 mg/kg IV rapid push During bag-mask ventilation, how should you hold the mask to make an effective seal between the child's face and the mask? ✔✔Position your fingers using the E-C clamp technique An 8yo child was struck by a car. He arrives in the ED alert, anxious, and in respiratory distress. His cervical spine is immobilized, and he is receiving a 10L/min flow of 100% oxygen by nonrebreathing face mask. ✔✔Perform needle decompression of the right chest You are caring for a 3yo with vomiting and diarrhea. You have established IV access. The child's pulses are palpable but faint, and the child is now lethargic ✔✔Atropine 0.02 mg/kg IV You need to provide rescue breaths to a child victim with a pulse. What is the appropriate rate for delivering breaths? ✔✔1 breath every 3 - 5 seconds
A 3yo unresponsive, apneic child is brought to the emergency department. EMS personnel report that the child became unresponsive as they arrived at the hospital. The child is receiving CPR with bag-mask ventilation. The rhythm shown here is on the cardiac monitor. A biphasic manual defibrillator is present. You quickly use the length from head to of the child on a color-coded length-based resuscitation tape to estimate the approximate weight as 15kg. Which therapy is most appropriate for this child at this time? ✔✔Attempt defibrillation at 30 J, and then resume CPR, beginning with compressions You are alone and witness a child suddenly collapse. There is no suspected head or neck injury. A colleague responded to your shout for help and is activating the emergency response system and is retrieving the resuscitation equipment, including a defibrillator. After delivering 30 compressions, what would be your next action? ✔✔Open the airway with a head tilt-chin lift maneuver and give 2 breaths You are giving chest compressions for a child in cardiac arrest? What is the proper depth of compressions for a child? ✔✔Compress the chest at least one third the depth of the chest, about 2 inches (5 cm) An 8mo infant is brought to the emergency department for evaluation of severe diarrhea and dehydration. On arrival to the emergency department, the infant becomes unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You shout for help and start CPR. Another provider arrives, at which point you
switch to 2-rescuer CPR. The rhythm shown here is seen on the cardiac monitor. The infant is intubated and ventilated with with 100% oxygen. An IO line is established, and a dose of epinephrine is given. While continuing high-quality CPR, what do you do next? ✔✔Give normal saline 20 ml/kg IO rapidly You are supervising a student who is inserting an IO needle into an infant's tibia. The student asks you what she should look for to know that she successfully inserted the needle into the bone marrow cavity. What do you tell her? ✔✔Fluids can be administered freely without local soft tissue swelling." Why is allowing complete chest recoil important when performing high-quality CPR? ✔✔The heart will refill with blood between compressions An 18mo child has a 1 week hx of cough and runny nose. The child has diffuse cyanosis and is responsive only to painful stimulation with slow respirations and rapid central pulses. The child's respiratory rate has decreased from 65/min to 10/min, severe inspiratory intercostal retractions are present, heart rate is 160/min, spO2 is 65% on room air, and capillary refill is less than 2 seconds. Which are the most immediate interventions for this toddler ✔✔Open the airway and provide positive-pressure ventilation using 100% oxygen and a bag-mask device
