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What is the most appropriate precautionary action to minimize gastric inflation during bag-mask ventilation? ✔✔deliver each breath over about 1 sec What happens to the arterial oxygen level in a child with severe anemia? ✔✔may increase when dissolved oxygen is increased The evaluate-identify-intervene sequence should be continued until ✔✔the child is stable How can the CPR coach improve CPR quality in a resuscitation event? ✔✔Coach to midrange targets Which is true of increased carbon dioxide tension in arterial blood? ✔✔may be caused by disordered control of breathing which of the following statements about respiratory failure is true? ✔✔may occur without signs of respiratory distress
PALS 2021 WITH VERIFIED Questions and Answers LATEST UPDATE
2025 (Rated A+)
which is most likely to present in a child who has respiratory distress (not respiratory failure)? ✔✔ability to maintain patent airway which of the following is required to appropriately ventilate a child with a flow-inflating bag? ✔✔tidal volume needs to be delivered at the correct rate what should be checked to ensure proper function of a bag-mask system? ✔✔the pop-off valve can be closed oxygen tubing is connected to the device and the oxygen source what element of team dynamics describes when a team member needs to correct actions? ✔✔constructive intervention when may pulse oximetry be inaccurate? ✔✔the displayed heart rate does not correlate with the child's heart rate a chest compression fraction of at least 60% is recommended, and a goal of 80% is often achievable with good teamwork ✔✔60%, 80%
in a less severe case of upper airway obstruction in a child, what intervention can relieve obstruction caused by the tongue? ✔✔insert an oral airway a child presents with a barking cough, good air entry during auscultation, a pulse oximetry reading of 93% on room air, and retractions at rest. what is the severity of the child's presentation? ✔✔moderate croup an 8 month old boy is brought to the hospital by his parents. He has a hoarse cry and barking cough. His mother says that during the night, her son had difficulty breathing, which has progressively worsened throughout the day. the infant most likely has what type of respiratory emergency? ✔✔Upper airway obstruction according to the systematic approach algorithm, what are the correct assessments to perform during the evaluation phase? ✔✔initial, primary, secondary the infant is responsive and is breathing. what is an initial measure that you can perform to maintain his airway? ✔✔sit him up
what are the components of breathing assessment? ✔✔lung and airway sounds chest expansion and air movement oxygen saturation respiratory rate respiratory effort when calculating the tube size based on the child's age, to avoid injury to the subglottic area, you should use an endotracheal tube that is: ✔✔half a size smaller than predicted for the child how do infants initially respond to lower airway obstruction? ✔✔decreased interpleural pressure the anticipated results of the nebulized treatment should include which of the following improvements in the patient? ✔✔decreased bronchoconstriction decreased respiratory effort decreased airway edema if the patient does not improve with medication, what is your next intervention to ensure oxygenation? ✔✔noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation
physical examination urinary output the patient still has a bp of 58/38 mm Hg. Her condition would be classified as hypotensive shock ✔✔other answer: compensated obstructive anaphylactic when should vasoactive therapy be considered in managing distributive shock? ✔✔if the child remains hypotensive and poorly perfused despite rapid bolus fluid administration what is the focus of the initial management of distributive shock? ✔✔expanding intravascular volume filling expanded dilated vascular space correcting hypovolemia what signs distinguish anaphylactic shock from other types of shock? ✔✔respiratory distress with stridor, wheezing or both angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, and tongue)
urticaria (hives) in whom should you suspect a tension pneumothorax? ✔✔any intubated child who deteriorates suddenly while receiving positive-pressure ventilation victim of chest trauma a child who deteriorates suddenly while receiving bag-mask ventilation what is an assessment finding unique to tension pneumothorax? ✔✔tracheal deviation what circulation findings are specific to pericardial tamponade? ✔✔tachycardia muffled or diminished heart sounds narrowed pulse pressures in what conditions is atropine preferred over epinephrine as the 1st-choice treatment of symptomatic bradycardia? ✔✔increased vagal tone av block due to primary bradycardia cholinergic drug toxicity (organophosphates)
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