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PA Appraisers License Exam with 347 Questions &
Updated Solutions.
How is a diamond condition fixed? - ANS By pulling the damage for length. Diamond is a length condition. When measuring an anybody vehicle, it is discovered that the left front rail is 111mm from spec in width. What condition is this? - ANS Width is calculated from the center out, so a value of -111mm on the left rail shows sway to the right and in toward centerline. A collision damaged vehicle is discovered to be down in height at opposite end of the center section. - ANS Twist condition. When diagnosing the damage to a full frame assembly on a sport utility vehicle, it is determined that the left side frame rail is higher than the right side frame rail. Technician A says the damaged state is known as a twist condition. Technician B says a sway condition exists. Who is right? - ANS Tech A. When a frame rail's relationship to the vehicle centerline is changed, such as pushed either to the left or right, the condition is known as sway. "Twist" is referred as the condition of the frame when entire sections are driven higher or lower than the opposite side. Metal fillers contain different ingredients that provide fillers with special properties. - ANS Fiberglass offers more resistance to moisture HSLA - ANS High Strength Low Alloy When replacing the floor pan in the trunk area, what joint should be used to join the new pan to the existing floor? - ANS An overlap joint When acoustical foam is removed during the repair: - ANS It must be replaced with acoustical foam. When setting up a three-dimensional measuring system, it should be setup on an undamaged area. - ANS Starting in the center section is the correct method. What is the plastic Black box in rear of the car? - ANS Vapor Canister Grinding or squeaking from wheel is a sign of what? - ANS Bad Bearings The insurance commissioner is responsible for everything except? - ANS Endorsing an insurance company How do you tell when a ball joint is bad? - ANS Measure fixed points from knuckle to rotor
What makes the windows go up and down? - ANS Window regulator What panel needs to get removed is there is damage to the quarter panel? - ANS The taillight Actuator - ANS tells something to do something Sensor - ANS Take reading and tell when something is wrong What is Urethane Paint? - ANS Better than acrylic, extremely durable, and resists chipping; easier to apply What makes up the body of the vehicle? - ANS Anything that is welded together Who has the first right to salvage? - ANS The insurer What components make up an anybody? - ANS Last answer, longest answer on exam question What needs to be on an appraisal? - ANS A license number The photo of the Buick sedan with a rear fixed axle: - ANS Two wheel alignment What are the two most common types of engines? - ANS V and inline What are the two types of vehicle bodies? - ANS Conventional full frame and anybody/unitized construction What does PCV stand for? - ANS Positive Crankshaft Ventilation What zones are on an anybody frame? - ANS Crush zones What does the PCV Valve do? - ANS It is a passage for gases to escape in a controlled manner from the crankcase C Pillar is also known as the - ANS Lock Pillar What is the A Pillar - ANS Hinge Pillar? What connects to the A Pillar? - ANS The front door hinges, windshield, cowl, and the front corner of the roof B Pillar - ANS Center Pillar 2 door car has - ANS a & C Pillar
What can commissioner impose administrative penalties for? - ANS Violating rules If only the dog leg is damaged, what do you allow for? - ANS Sectioning What must you consider to finish a bumper with minor scratches (gray car)? - ANS Blend into quarter panel How do you repair a headlight with scratches? - ANS Sand paper and buffering If replacing a door with tint...? - ANS LKQ Door could be marked up in price What comes with the floor? - ANS Rails What is the max fine for violating insurance law? - ANS $ How old to be an appraiser? - ANS 18 Why dep’t you finish the quarter panel and bumper the same? - ANS because they are made of different materials What is a serpentine belt? - ANS continuous belt that drives multiple devices in the engine (alternator, power steering, water pump, and AC compressor) Why is it important to check the firewall? - ANS to minimize electrical issues On the picture with the car with the damaged hood - ANS damage is in the crumple zones How many days do you have to inspect a vehicle? - ANS 5 working days What is the controlled explosion in the engine that provides power to the vehicle? - ANS Internal combustion What is the term for a worn rotor? - ANS Scoring What can you adjust on wheel alignment? - ANS Camber, Caster, Toe Can you use abbreviations on estimates? - ANS Yes if an explanation is included Car is hit from behind the exhaust pipe? - ANS Kink in the exhaust pipe The Worn gear connects to the - ANS Sector Gear What holds the sides of the dashboard together? - ANS Cowl Side Panel What are two main components on a door shell? - ANS Inner and outer door panels
Who has the first right to salvage - ANS The insurer What is a timing belt? - ANS Part of the internal combustion engine that handles the rotation of the crankshaft and camshaft What makes airbags deploy? - ANS Crash OR impact sensors. Answer is not crash detection sensor. What is the white box in the front of the car? - ANS Washer fluid reservoir What is not covered on a commercial policy? - ANS Expected/intended injury What is a CV joint? - ANS Constant Velocity Joint- located at either end of the axles and transmits power while enabling suspension movement What role does oil play in the engine? - ANS Lubrication to protect from friction What do you allow more time for? - ANS Corrosion protection What device starts the spark plug firing sequence - ANS Camshaft Sensor? How can you tell if the white car has scratches? - ANS Use grid paper to see if lines change? When does an appraiser's license end? - ANS June 30th ad Midnight If you renew your license on time? - ANS You get a new expiration date but not a new effective date What happens if you wait more than 80 days after your license expiration? - ANS You must retake the test and pay for a new license If a car is stolen and gets into a collision accident? - ANS Comprehensive/other than collision coverage An appraiser should try to negotiate repair price with...? - ANS Any shop chosen by the insured Why does an insured have a deductible? - ANS to stop them from claiming minor accidents, to make sure they don't receive more than 100% payment from the loss If an appraiser is at a shop and suspects alignment issues, what should they request? - ANS Wheel alignment grid Red car- what do you remove to repair the door? - ANS The door handle
Why LKQ is better for a certain scenario - ANS Trim is ready to be used already What do you use to put on under-side of rocker panel and quarter panel to protect? - ANS Gravel guard Checking to make sure airbag is good - ANS Answer is SRS Diagnostic; NOT inspection What is the tint on under-side of the car paint? - ANS Overspray Green car with damaged circled in green - ANS is from collision- not UPD How much time should you allow for panel straightening? - ANS 2 Hours What should you disconnect when you have to weld? - ANS ECM or electricity/battery What would be cause for replacing a wheel? - ANS Deep scratch What makes up a deck lid? - ANS Entire deck lid with hinges come separately When ordering the parts below, what must you consider - ANS If the floor plan is included with the rail What kind of pull to fix quarter panel dent/damage? - ANS Mini frame bench Scion tire- all black and edges were scraped; what kind of wheel is this? - ANS Aluminum What 2 things send power to a manual engine? - ANS Clutch and driveshaft What kind of metal does NOT allow for welding and heat? - ANS High Strength Steel Tempered Glass - ANS § Disintegrates upon impact into dull-edged pebbles § Tempering makes glass 5-10x stronger than non-tempered glass § Tempered glass is processed through a special heating and quickly cooled process Laminated windshield glass serves the safety of the vehicle and occupants because - ANS § Laminated glass consists of a double layer of glass with a thin sheet of vinyl in between. § Lamination occurs by applying heat and pressure to the three layers. § Upon impact, the broken pieces adhere to the vinyl inner lining. What component combines the deck lid and stationary back glass into a single assembly that lifts up like a deck lid? - ANS Hatchback
The front wheel alignment on most anybody vehicles is only as good as: - ANS the dimensional accuracy of the body structure, even the upper body dimensions. The vehicle has rear-end damage and the fuel tank needs to be replaced. What else could be damaged? - ANS The fuel level sender The evaporated emission control system is designed to: - ANS Capture fuel vapors and route them to the engine to burn. The complex carburetor required five different circuits to handle operating requirements:
- ANS Main circuit Idle circuit Accelerator pump Power enrichment circuit Choke. What type of steering is the worm gear found? - ANS re circulating ball steering The component of the vehicle that filters out pollutants from the exhaust system is: - ANS The catalytic converter When the brakes are applied, which part forces fluid to the master cylinder? - ANS Solenoid valve Independent front and rear suspension systems: - ANS allow each wheel to move up and down on its own. What is the proper brake fluid to use on most vehicles? - ANS DOT 3 and DOT 4 NOTTTTT DOT 5 What are the two components of the hood's lock assembly? - ANS Pop-up spring and safety catch. There are two main types of control for multi-port systems. - ANS Sequential multi-port fuel injection: Each injector opens just before the intake valve for its cylinder opens Front outer components of a vehicle are: - ANS § Front bumper assembly § The grille § Lamps § NOT: Windshield. The windshield is a "side component" Front end sheet metal components are: - ANS Grille, hood, and fenders Front end exterior includes the following: - ANS Fascia, fenders, hood, and cowl panel On a front wheel drive car, the front wheels are attached to: - ANS half shafts
In an automatic transmission, the engine is connected to the transmission by: - ANS The torque converter The one piece unit, which holds the headlamp assembly, consists of: - ANS Lamp, bulb, lens, and frame Which engine part supplies the spark that ignites the air-fuel mixture? - ANS Spark plug A vacuum booster is a component of: - ANS The braking system. The vacuum booster makes the brake pedal easier to press. On a anybody car, the pillars are also known as - ANS § A pillar - Hinge § B pillar - Center § C Pillar - Lock There are two basic full frame designs. - ANS § Ladder § Perimeter There are three full frame rail configurations - ANS § Open "C" channel § Closed "C" channel § Box frame The part of the vehicle door where the key is inserted is called: - ANS Door lock The two components of a bumper's substructure that provide collision protection are: - ANS Reinforcement and energy absorbers The anybody frame construction is lighter than a conventional frame because: - ANS The manufacturing process combines sheet metal body parts with stress bearing elements to form the body and chassis as a single unit. Which of the following are not considered part of the roof of a vehicle? - ANS The front and rear windshield. What allows the steering wheel to change the direction the vehicle is traveling? - ANS Steering Linkage When replacing a windshield, Technician A says that any caulking sealant can be used to hold the windshield in place. Technician B says that the windshield is a structural part in a modern vehicle. Who is right? - ANS § Technician B is correct. A windshield is considered a structural part and has certain requirements necessary to adhere to the pinch weld flange for strength. Windshields must be installed using urethane to restore the structural role of the glass.
Which emissions control system component introduces small amounts of exhaust gas into the intake manifold, where it is combined with the regular fuel mixture and diluted? - ANS EGR Valve Which of the following refers to the forward or rearward tilt of the ball joints from a vertical position? - ANS Caster What are the most common types of calipers? - ANS Fixed calipers and floating calipers The device that synchronizes the spark plug firing sequence is: - ANS Camshaft sensor Which one of the following answer choices list the two components that form the engine's combustion chamber? - ANS Cylinder head and cylinders Where is the driver's side air bag module located? - ANS In the steering wheel What type of headlamp features a lens that is specifically designed for the auto model and contoured to its requirements for improved aerodynamics? - ANS Composite What tells the automatic transmission how fast the car is going? - ANS The governor Thermal Polyolefin plastic - ANS TPO In an automatic transmission, the shift lever connects to the: - ANS manual valve Which part of the vehicle converts AC power to a direct current (DC)? - ANS Alternator The amount of time the fuel injector stays open is called: - ANS Pulse width In rack and pinion steering, what moves the rack? - ANS Pinion gear Window glass fits into components called: - ANS § Sides: Run channel § Bottom: Sash channel When appraising salvage, all of the following must be provided by the consumer EXCEPT: - ANS Date and location of receiving the salvage bids In the event of a TL on a commercial auto policy with the "stated amount" endorsement, the amount payable would be: - ANS The policy limit, ACV, or LKQ, whichever is less. In the case of a total vehicle loss, the adjuster will pay the insured: - ANS § Use the most recent publication of an "Official used Car Guide" § Replacement value of a vehicle in LKQ if current model year. § Use the dealer quotation method.
§ Hitting a pot hole------the collision loss What must a Pennsylvania automobile appraiser do when the repair shop advises that there is additional damage to a vehicle that is the subject of repair not previously on the estimate? - ANS Promptly respect the vehicle A reservation of rights letter: - ANS Informs the policyholder that the insurance company will defend him/her in a lawsuit but that certain aspects of the lawsuit may not be indemnified (covered) When are deductions permitted for betterment and/or depreciation of a damaged vehicle? - ANS § Deductions for betterment and/or depreciation are permitted only for parts normally subject to repair and replacement during the useful life of the insured motor vehicle. § Betterment is the increase in value a vehicle experiences after a major mechanical repair. An innocent party relies on certain statements of fact made by an adjuster and as a result is damaged. The adjuster may be legally prohibited from asserting that the fact does not exist because of: - ANS Estoppel. Estoppel is intentional or unintentional behavior on the part of one party that misleads another party and creates the impression that a certain fact exists. If a vehicle has been in a hit & run accident, what is the insured required to do? - ANS Notify the police immediately. If a vehicle has been stolen, what is the insured required to do? - ANS Notify the police immediately. What is the penalty for violation of insurance laws by a licensed appraiser? - ANS $ fine and/or prison Which of the following would be considered an intangible element in the adjusting of a casualty loss? - ANS § Lost wages § Hospital bills § Pain & suffering § Rehabilitation An insured auto dealer has purchased garage policy physical damage coverage against specified causes of loss. Which of the following losses will be covered by the policy? - ANS § Vandalism, Explosion, Fire § NOT: Damage resulting from the collision of the truck carrying a covered auto with another vehicle.
An accident Reconstructionist is an expert used by insurance companies and plaintiff lawyers to: - ANS thoroughly examine the accident scene and conduct the appropriate tests to reach a reasonable conclusion as to causative factors. Standards for prompt investigations and fair and equitable settlements: - ANS Unreasonable travel: No person may require a claimant to travel unreasonably either to inspect replacement vehicles, to obtain a repair estimate or to have the motor vehicle repaired at a specific repair shop. An application for an appraiser license may be denied for: - ANS § the applicant has been denied a license or has had an existing license revoked in another state. § The applicant has pleaded guilty, entered a plea of nolo contendere or has been found guilty of a felony in a court of competent jurisdiction, or has pleaded guilty, entered a plea of nolo contendere or been found guilty of criminal conduct which relates to the applicant's suitability to conduct motor vehicle appraisals. § The applicant does not possess the professional competence and trustworthiness required to engage in conducting motor vehicle appraisals. Which of the following terms would be closely associated with estoppel? - ANS Waiver. Under estoppel, a principal waives the right to assert a fact that is inconsistent with a fact asserted by its agent. Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding proof of loss? - ANS It is completed at the option of the insured. If an adjuster takes a statement from a claimant, witness, or insured, and the claimant, witness, or insured requests a copy of the report, the adjuster must: - ANS Provide a free copy, along with a transcript. Any applicant who fails to pass the appraiser examination will not be eligible to retake an examination for: - ANS 30 days. An insured would like to cover hired autos under his commercial automobile policy. How can this be accomplished? - ANS By adding symbol 8 to the declarations page Under a commercial auto policy, which provides the broadest coverage? - ANS § Comprehensive § NOT: Named perils, Broad named perils. What qualifies for the Transportation Expense coverage? - ANS § Car rental fees incurred due to damage to the covered auto. § Loss of use expenses for which the insured is liable because of damage to the covered auto. A release becomes settled when: - ANS The settlement check is cashed.
the report and investigation within: - ANS 5 days of the request of the consumer and must be in writing. In the event of a loss under a personal auto policy, an insured is required to submit the following information: - ANS § A list of any known witnesses § Notice of claim § Proof of loss statement if requested. § NOT: An appraisal of the damaged property. Under the Federal Insurance Fraud and False Statements regulation, a person guilty of fraud is subject to a civil action by the US Attorney General and may be subject to a civil penalty of not more than: - ANS § $50,000 or the amount of compensation which the person received or offered for the prohibited conduct, whichever is greater. Once the insurer has paid a total loss on an auto... - ANS the salvage belongs to the insurer. If an auto appraiser uses the dealer quotation method to determine the value of a vehicle, how many quotations must the appraiser obtain? - ANS Two, and the quotations must be averaged. If an adjuster takes a statement from a claimant, witness, or insured who requests a copy of the report, what is required of the adjuster? - ANS Provide a free copy Who is not a named insured? - ANS Lien holder An "open-ended" release pertains to: - ANS A conditional or partial release. Under a business auto policy, the deductible that applies to comprehensive does not apply to losses caused by: - ANS Fire or lightning Appraisers may secure or use repair estimates that have been obtained by the user of: - ANS Personal inspection only. Responsibilities of the insured: - ANS § Protect the property from further damage § Call the police in case of a theft § Cooperate with the insurer Who determines legal liability? - ANS the court/jury/judge; NOT the insurer. Coinsurance Clause: The insured has a building worth $200,000 and insures it for $80,000. The policy contains an 80% coinsurance clause. What will the insured pay in the case of a $50,000 partial loss? - ANS $25,000. The insured should insure 80% of the building, or $160,000. Since he only insures $80,000 or 50% of the required amount, he only receives 50% of the payment.
Exception: In the case of a total loss, the insured would receive the $80,000 as the coinsurance clause only affects partial and not total losses. The dimensions manual should be checked to see how... - ANS asymmetrical dimensions are noted. When a vehicle is removed from the booth six hours after painting... - ANS the gloss has diminished. Why should booth fillers be changed? - ANS Overspray that is trapped in the spray booth will settle on the finish, causing a dull film. Moveable glass on a vehicle is connected to... - ANS a sash using the bolt-through method. The glass needs to be adjusted. How are glass adjustments made? - ANS fasteners that hold the sash to the guide channel, not at the fasteners holding the sash to the glass. Which part holds the side window in place? - ANS Sash guide (A plastic clip that holds the window in place allowing the window to raise/lower.) A technician has to adjust the hinged glass on a van. Which of the following is an acceptable adjustment method? - ANS BOTH: Shimming and bending the hinge AND adjusting the fasteners. Regarding sectioning: - ANS § It should never be performed in a crush zone area, as this will change the crash characteristics of the vehicle. § When using recycled parts, the parts should first be checked for dimensional accuracy. Tolerance in terms of measurements can vary by as much as 5mm on undamaged models. Can it be acceptable to have a 5mm discrepancy on a control point of any vehicle? - ANS Depends on the vehicle. Any point on a vehicle should vary from spec no more than ½ mm. An Improperly applied epoxy primer can lead to - ANS Sand scratch swelling, color bleeding, and peeling. A technician has to order a door skin. What is included with the door skin? - ANS Nothing else will be included. A FWD vehicle was damaged in a collision with the right front wheel taking most of the impact. The estimate lists the replacement of the tire, wheel, steering knuckle, and sub- frame. The CV-joint boot is not ripped. Should the CV-joint be replaced? - ANS Possibly. The condition of the boot is not an indication of damage to the CV-joint.
Aftermarket wheels that have been damaged in a collision are: - ANS Items that need to be included in the estimate. Items that are non-OEM should be noted on the report. The replacement of aftermarket equipment, such as stereos, wheels, ground effects, alarms, striping & graphics, is generally covered under most insurance policies. When making a butt joint, the joint should be: - ANS Two times the width of the joint A side molding is positioned: - ANS In a horizontal line across the quarter panel A wheel opening molding is located - ANS Along the opening in the quarter panel for the wheel 1.) A belt molding is located: - ANS Along the belt line of the vehicle During sectioning, Tech A says that weld-through primer is enough corrosion protection for the inside of the welding joint. Tech B says that weld-through primer is not corrosion protection of the internal weld. Who is right? - ANS Tech B. Weld-through primer is used in the weld joint only. The internal cavity will require corrosion protection. Technician A says to apply a two-part epoxy or self-etching primer over a repaired panel to fight corrosion. Technician B says the primer is not needed since weld-through primer was applied to the bare steel. Who is right? - ANS Tech A. Two-part epoxy or self-etch primers are used as the base for corrosion protection. Weld-through primers are designed to be sandwiched between joining panels that are to be welded. In all other areas, the excess weld-through material should be removed. In a collision, battery acid is dropped on the turn signal socket. What is the proper procedure? - ANS Replace the turn signal socket A technician sees that a damaged panel was replaced prior to the latest collision damage he is repairing. The seams appear to have corroded despite having been sealed with a heavy bodied seam sealer. The most likely cause of the corrosion is: - ANS The 1st technician used a lacquer primer under the seam sealer. The adhesion of a lacquer primer is poor and only an epoxy or self-etching primer should be used. Severe rust and corrosion on the rocker panels could indicate: - ANS The use of frame straightening procedures may be unavailable. When performing an adhesive plastic repair, Technician A says an adhesion promoter is necessary if the base plastic is ground and it melts and smears. Technician B says the adhesion promoter is needed on plastics that do not melt and smear when ground. Who is right? - ANS Tech A. The sanding or grinding test is how the technician determines if the plastic is a polyolefin, which requires an adhesion promoter. However, an adhesion promoter can be used on all plastics.
Technician A says the best way to remove an encapsulated quarter glass is to use a hot knife to soften the urethane bed. Technician B says an induction heater can be used to do the same task. Who is right? - ANS Both A & B. While the hot knife is an old method, both methods will work. A bent rim can be result of: - ANS § Curbing § Hitting a pothole § Impact in a motor vehicle accident Technician A says that a slight over-pull may be necessary to get a structural panel back to specification. Technician B says over-pulling can require panel replacement. Who is right? - ANS Both technicians are correct. Because some metals have a spring back condition after being compressed in a collision, sometimes over-pulling is necessary. Care must be used not to over-pull beyond the spring back because it is almost impossible to repair an over-pull condition without replacement of the panel. OEM - ANS Original Equipment Manufacturer 1.) Clear coat is used primarily for it’s: - ANS UV Protection When using centering gauges to measure height, Technician A says to measure from the base of the gauge to the frame rack. Technician B says to gauge height by comparing the outer gauges to the base reference gauges. Who is right? - ANS Technician B. Gauges should be compared to the base gauges that have been preset to the correct height. The modern vehicle combines the quarter panel and the roof pillar structure into one part, which eliminates: - ANS Vehicle weight and additional parts The door striker bolt can be adjusted to set: - ANS The depth of the door to either the rear door or the quarter panel. R & I - ANS Remove and Install If the SRS (airbag) warning light is illuminated after a collision in which the system is deployed, which service procedure is indicated? - ANS R&R the airbag and clear the code with a scan tool When repairing the hood for collision damage, the appraisal should allow for: - ANS § Inspection of the hood latch, release cable, and handle in the passenger compartment. § Adjustment of the hood stops for proper height of the hood when closed. § Making sure the striker engagement point is aligned properly. Glass setting tape is needed for a moveable glass repair. The length of the tape should be: - ANS the length of the glass channel
