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OT 665 Module 4 Exam Questions And Complete Answers.
Typology: Exams
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Orthopedics - answer Branch of medicine dealing with correction of deformities of bones or muscles Tendons - answer Connect Muscles to bone Ligaments - answer Connect bone to bone Bones - answer Connected to each other by ligaments, typically meet at a joint. Joint - answer Articulations, where two or more bones meet Diarthrodial Joint - answer Non-movable joint Synovial Joint - answer Freely movable joint Atrophy - answer Degeneration of cells (tissues) Disuse Atrophy - answer Muscle wasting, decrease in muscle size Contracture - answer Shortening or hardening of the muscle, tendons, or tissues Hematoma - answer -Important for healing of fractures -Large hemorrhage, blood accumulates and pressure on nerve endings Open Fracture - answer Fracture that breaks the surface of the skin Closed Fracture - answer Fracture that doesn't break the surface of the skin Simple fracture - answer Fracture with damage to the bone only, doesn't break skin Complex Fracture - answer Closed fracture in which the soft tissue surrounding the bone is severely damaged Compound fracture - answer Broken bone pierces skin, causing a risk of infection Linear Fracture - answer Fracture down the sagittal line of the bone Oblique Fracture - answer Fracture diagonal to the bone's long axis
Transverse Fracture - answer Fracture that right angles to the long axis Greenstick Fracture - answer Fracture that breaks on one side causing a bend on the other side Compression Fracture - answer Fracture where 2 bones squeeze together Depressed Fracture - answer Fracture where the bone is pushed in, typically in the skull Comminuted Fracture - answer Fracture that results in 3 or more pieces Impacted Fracture - answer Fracture that causes fragments to be wedged together Stress Fracture - answer Fracture that is repeated by mechanical stress, results in tiny cracks in bone Spiral Fracture - answer Fracture caused by a twisting motion or torque Avulsion - answer When the ligament/tendon attached to bone pulls away part of the bone Pathological Fracture - answer A fracture that is related to a secondary condition such as cancer Grade 1 Fracture - answer -Perforated from inside
-Ossification occurs Deep vein thrombosis - answer Blood clot in deep vein Edema - answer Swelling, causes pressure on nerves Compartment Syndrome - answer Excessive pressure builds up in an enclosed muscle of the body Brachial Plexus Palsy - answer -When brachial plexus gets damaged, nerves cannot travel down arm. -Erb's Palsy Osteoporosis - answer -Porous bone -low bone mass/density and deterioration of bone tissue -Bone fragility -Silent disease -Women 4x more likely than men -Severe pain and deformity Osteoarthritis - answer -degenerative joint disease -most common form of arthritis -cartilage breaks down and wears away -bone rubbing against bone resulting in pain, swelling, and loss of joint function.
Vollkmann's - answer Contracture occurs when there is a lack of blood flow to the forearm. Depuytren's - answer Contracture is an abnormal thickening of the tissue just beneath the skin. The thickening occurs in the palm and can extend into the fingers. Herberdens Nodes - answer -Over the DIP -Osteoarthritis -Hard or bony swellings that can develop in the DIP joints Bouchards Nodes - answer Hard bone cysts over PIPs, osteoarthritis Crepitus - answer A grating sound or sensation produced by friction between bone and cartilage or the fractured parts of a bone Arthroplasty - answer Surgical reconstruction of a joint Open reduction internal fixation - answer -Surgical procedure to fix a severe bone fracture -Usually in hip fracture -Reduces fracture and holds it in place with an internal device Kyphoplasty - answer -Minimally invasive surgical procedure that aims to restore some or all vertebral body height because of a compression fracture -Uses a balloon to inflate vertebra to normal position