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OT 665 Module 2 Exam Questions And Correct Answers .
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Screening Tests - answer Process of reviewing data, observing a patient, and using screening tools to identify the individual's potential to benefit from further assessment. Diagnostic Tests - answer Used to determine severity of a disease, monitor the stage and course of a disease, detect recurrence, estimate prognosis, and help make decisions about the best plan of care or approach for medical management. CT Scan - answer -Noninvasive imaging system in which multiple x-ray beams and computer calculations provide a cross-sectional view of the body. -Advantage: they can be used quickly to examine patients with internal injuries from trauma. -Help physicians to diagnose and study cancers, cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disorders, liver diseases, trauma, infections or inflammatory conditions. Echocardiogram - answer -Provides information on pericardial effusions, blood clots, tumors, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, aortic aneurysms, endocarditis, and heart valve functioning along with direction and velocity of blood flow. -Used in stress tests -No associated risks, no activity restrictions after test. EKG - answer -Record of electrical conduction of heart, generated during cardiac cycle -Identifies cardiac rhythm abnormalities, problems with conduction, pericardial disease, injury or damage to myocardium, including hypertrophy, as well as diagnosing non- cardiac related disorders. -Noninvasive, short, painless EEG - answer -Records brains electrical activity -Commonly ordered for patients with epilepsy or seizures. -Therapy is not limited before or after procedure
EMG - answer -Assists with determining source of neuromuscular weakness and atrophy, identifies muscle diseases, peripheral neuropathies, radiculopathies, entrapment neuropathies, and differentiating between myopathies and neuropathies. -May be contraindicated for patients taking coagulants because of risk of bleeding -Usually done in conjunction with nerve conduction test Nerve Conduction Test - answer -Measures conduction velocity of impulse traveling between 2 points -Assesses peripheral nerve injuries and discriminates between nerve disease and muscle injury -Mild shock, unpleasant sensation Endoscopy - answer -Allows direct visualization of body organs and cavities through use of fiberoptic lens attached to rigid or flexible tube -Assist with screening, diagnosis, and intervention of areas not easily accessed without open surgery -Therapists may defer treatment immediately after procedure because patient may still be feeling effects of sedation Arthroscopy - answer Tendon repair, ligament repair, meniscus repair Cystoscopy - answer Transurethral resection of prostate/superficial bladder tumors, urethral stent placement, removal of ureteral and bladder calculi Laparoscopy - answer Cholecystectomy, hiatal hernia repair, inguinal hernia repair, video- assisted colectomy Thoracoscopy - answer Wedge lung resection, video-assisted lung resection Spinal Tap - answer -Collection of cerebrospinal fluid -Patient on bedrest for 2-4 hours after procedure -Diagnosis diseases of brain or spinal cord in infectious and inflammatory conditions -Lumbar Puncture MRI - answer -Noninvasive, uses superconductive magnets, radiofrequency waves, and
White Blood Cells Test - answer -Small percentage of blood volume -Important for immune system -Usually lowest in the morning Leukocytosis - answer Increased WBC count, sign of infection Leukopenia - answer -Decreased WBC count -Caused by bone marrow disorders or depression, aplastic anemia, pernicious anemia, HIV infection, autoimmune diseases, radiation or chemotherapy, drugs, alcoholism, or diabetes. Absolute Neutrophil Count - answer -Measure of percentage of WBCs that are neutrophils -Multiply WBC count by percentage of neutrophils Neutropenia - answer Low neutrophil count. Patients are at risk for nocosomial infections. Hemoglobin Test - answer -Protein within RBCs that binds with oxygen, circulating oxygen throughout body. -Measures blood's capacity to carry oxygen -Gives arterial blood red color -Abnormal values can indicate extent of anemia as well as patient response to treatment. Hematocrit Test - answer -Measure percentage of RBCs in total blood volume -Quick test for anemia
Red Blood Cells Test - answer -Reflects number of red blood cells in blood and capacity to transport oxygen and nutrients throughout body. -Provides oxygenation to tissues and remove/transport carbon dioxide from tissue to lungs where it is exhaled. Thrombocytosis - answer Too many platelets produced Thrombocytopenia - answer Too few platelets present in blood Basic Metabolic Panel - answer -Measures electrolyte-levels, acid or base balance, renal function, and blood sugar levels. -An electrolyte imbalance can profoundly affect multiple body systems activity tolerance and ability to engage in occupations. Glucose - answer -Level/amount of sugar in blood -One of the main sources of energy in blood Hypoglycemia - answer Low blood glucose levels; <60 mg/dl Hyperglycemia - answer High blood glucose levels; >250 mg/dl Prothrombin Time - answer -The amount of time it takes for blood to clot -Used for patients on anticoagulation medications -High values = bleeding risk
breaks Anemia - answer Heart has to work harder to ensure sufficient oxygen is transported to rest of body; modify therapy as appropriate; defer therapy if patient is symptomatic Hypokalemia/Hyperkalemia - answer -Heart muscle is especially susceptible to potassium imbalances which can lead to arrhythmias or cardiac arrest -Consider deferring therapy because of increased risk of arrhythmia or tetany, especially in patients with cardiac history. Elevated INR - answer -At risk for bleeding or bruising -Can be therapeutic, but takes several days to reach that point Low Albumin - answer -Skin integrity may be compromised -Extra care to prevent skin shearing during bed mobility/transfers -Aiding nursing staff with bed positioning or prevention of skin breakdown may be necessary