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OSFM ROPE TECH FINAL EXAM 2025 | ALL
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A __________ is a trench protection system that uses inclined excavating to form sides that incline away from the excavation so as to prevent a cave- in; the angle of the incline required to prevent a cave-in varies with factors such as soil type, environmental conditions of exposure, and application of surcharge loads. benching system sloping system surcharge load trenching sheathing system ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- sloping system A __________ load is any weight in the proximity of the trench or excavation that increases the site's instability or the likelihood of collapse. surcharge trenching sheathing sloping benching ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------surcharge A __________ is a method of protecting workers from cave-ins by excavating the side of a trench excavation to form one or a series of horizontal levels or steps, usually with vertical or near-vertical surfaces between levels. benching system sloping system surcharge load trenching sheathing system ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- benching system
Soil is extremely heavy, weighing approximately ___ pounds per cubic foot (depending on the moisture content and other factors). 100 200 69 150 ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 100 In the case of a 10-foot trench, the soil column exerts an outward force at the base of ____ pounds per square foot. The outward force increases with the depth of the trench, with soil blocks at the bottom of the soil column theoretically tending to become compressed and bulge outward. 1000 250 750 500 ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 500 It is important for rescuers and other responders to make sure that they park their response vehicles at least ___ feet away from the open trench to avoid becoming superimposed loads, and that unnecessary response vehicles be shut down to minimize their vibration effects. 200 100 1000 500 ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 100 OSHA statistics show that ____ percent of victims of incidents in these areas had no confined-space training. In addition, the infrequency of confined-space situations encountered means that responders often have very little experience on which rescue teams can base their decisions. 95 57 68 75 ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 95
Entrapment Boilover Spillage ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Entrapment __________ is the level that allows for limited entry into a confined space with very few hazards and in such a way that a person could enter with self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with no obstructions, and where the victim can be seen from the entryway of the confined space. This level team should have a minimum of four team members. Operations level First responder level Technician level Awareness level ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Operations Level ___________ is the first level of rescue training provided to all responders, which emphasizes recognizing hazards, securing the scene, and calling for appropriate assistance. There is no actual use of rescue skills at this level. First responder level Awareness level Operations level Technician level ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Awareness level ____________ is the level that allows responders to be directly involved in the rescue operation itself, including difficult and hazardous confined-space entries. Training includes use of specialized equipment, care of victims during rescue, and management of the incident and all personnel at the scene. This level team should have a minimum of six team members. First responder level Operations level Awareness level Technician level ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Technician Level
_____________ communications equipment is necessary to maintain full- time effective communications between the entry team and the rescue team support personnel who are operating outside the space. Hard-line Two-way Competent UHF ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Competent ___________ are materials or substances that pose an unreasonable risk of damage or injury to persons, property, or the environment if not properly controlled during handling, storage, manufacture, processing, packaging, use and disposal, or transportation. No answer text provided. Hazardous materials Toxins Poisons ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Hazardous materials Incident management personnel are responsible for strategic and tactical management of the confined-space emergency response. One of these responsibilities is the development of a(n) ________, which identifies the overall control objectives for the emergency. hazard removal plan incident action plan incident management team incident management system ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Incident action plan The emergency response system should include ______ procedures to request agency resources and resources that will respond through mutual aid agreements, contracts with private-sector companies, and any memoranda of agreement with regional, state, or federal assets. incident action informal written
NFPA ____ establishes organizational requirements to operate safely and effectively at structural collapse emergencies. Specifically, this standard identifies the requirements for risk and hazard assessment, written procedures, safety protocols, personal protective equipment (PPE), establishing operational response level, and resource considerations. a. 1983 b. 1689 c. 1670 d. 1006 ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 1670 _______ refers to the tools and equipment used to support damaged buildings and damaged structural members, thereby stabilizing the area involved and helping to avoid further collapse. a. Shoring b. Trenching c. Bracing d. Stabilizing ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Shoring ____________ includes the use of mechanical search equipment; that is, visual, thermal, seismic, and acoustic devices used to locate victims who are trapped within a collapsed structure. a. Seismic search b. Advanced search c. Primary search d. Technical search ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Technical search ________ refers to actions taken by responders to remove a victim from an entrapment at a building collapse. a. Extrication b. Entrapment c. Removal
d. Rescue ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Extrication ________ is a condition in which a victim is trapped by debris, soil, or other material and is unable to extricate himself or herself. a. Removal b. Entrapment c. Rescue d. Extrication ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Entrapment Common injuries and medical complications observed at building collapse events include fractures, respiratory distress, ______, compartment syndrome, and crush syndrome. a. Dehydration b. Bruises c. Headaches d. Burns ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Dehydration Police, sheriffs, or other law enforcement agencies are needed at building collapse incidents to help establish ________, perform site security, control traffic flow, and maintain force protection for emergency responders. a. Triage b. Command c. Staging Areas d. Perimeter Control ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Perimeter Control Large-scale structural collapse events often have a long duration. In these situations, _______ support resources are required for sustaining long-term rescue operations. a. Logistical b. Resource c. Equipment
When buildings fail and collapse, void spaces are created and victims may be located in them. These void spaces are classified into one of five categories. Which is not one of the five? V-shape hanging lean-to pancake ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Hanging? _________ can be created by natural or human-made causative factors such as ground movement from earthquakes, high wind damage from tornadoes, or terrorist bombings that damage multiple building. Debris hazards Collapse hazards Surface hazards Approach hazards ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Approach hazards Because there is a high potential for other building utilities to be disrupted and a chance for a secondary collapse, responders should initially position their response vehicles at least ___ feet away from the collapse area. 100 500 1000 250 ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 100 _________ result from the presence of unstable debris piles, loose and uneven rubble, and sharp materials at a collapse event. Collapse hazards Surface hazards All hazards
Approach hazards ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Surface hazards The _________ search method is a basic search technique that involves positioning responders around a collapse site to serve as listeners. hazards communications advanced hailing system basic ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------hailing system The FEMA USAR building and structure marking system has several purposes. In the case of widespread damage to a neighborhood, such as may occur after an earthquake or hurricane, the marking system identifies buildings and locations within a ________. collapse zone branch geographical area division ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------geographical area The ____________ system is a method used and applied in closer proximity to where a victim is actually trapped. Whereas the search marking system will be placed on the outside of a structure and will identify the total number of live or dead victims within the building, this marking system is placed next to the actual internal or external location of each victim. geographical area resource NIMS building and structure marking victim location marking ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------victim location marking
awareness first responder technician operations ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------awareness The goal of ventilation is to ensure a(n) _______ environment for both rescuers and victims; to meet this goal, ventilation activities should not create an airborne combustible dust hazard. nonhazardous hazardous dry oxygen rich ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------nonhazardous A(n) ________ is any human-made cut, cavity, trench, or depression made in an earth surface that is wider than it is deep. excavation cavity trench cave-in ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------excavation A(n) ________ is a type of excavation that is narrow in relation to its width. In general, its depth is greater than its width, but the width is not greater than 15 feet. excavation cave-in trench cavity ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------trench A(n) ________ is the separation of a mass of soil or rock material from the side of an excavation or trench, or the loss of soil from under a trench shield or support system; the sudden movement of this material into the
excavation, either by falling or sliding, occurs in sufficient quantity that it could entrap, bury, or otherwise injure and immobilize a person. excavation cave-in trench cavity ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------cave-in A(n) _________ is a structure that is able to withstand the forces imposed on it by a cave-in, thereby protecting workers within the structure. cave-in excavation shield trench ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------shield According to OSHA, failure to test atmospheres and properly ventilate is responsible for ___ percent of preventable accidents. 52 92 2 12 ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 2 _______ typically occur(s) either from a shearing of one or both trench side walls, a slough in collapse of the trench belly, the failure of the trench lip, or a spoil-pile slide. Collapse Falling rocks Sloping Cave-ins ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------cave-ins OSHA requires the spoil pile to be placed a minimum of __ feet away from the edge of the open trench. 10
Sandy soils, sandy loam, and gravel soils, submerged soils, or soils where water is freely flowing from the trench walls are categorized as: Type B Stable Rock Type C Type A ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Type C _________ is a tool application in which rescuers drill a hole into the rock, stone, or piece of concrete that needs to be removed. Sloping Drilling Bolting Mucking ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Bolting ________ operation is the use of heavy digging equipment to dig a parallel trench or a hole to create a void. Drilling Cut-back Mucking Vacuum excavation ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Cut-back NFPA ____, Standard for Fire Department Safety Officer, lists the minimum knowledge, duties, and responsibilities of fire department safety officers. 1006 1500 1521 1670 ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 1521 The __________ regulation addresses the servicing and maintenance of machines and equipment for situations in which starting the machines or
equipment unexpectedly or releasing their stored energy could result in injury or death to employees and rescue personnel. air quality competent person lockout/tagout permit-required ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------lockout-tagout Each fire department's or rescue squad's ________ should address the levels of response and indicate what positions will be staffed based on the complexity of the incident. SOP SOG by-laws contract ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------SOP Facility __________ are a valuable resource in providing training to rescue personnel as it pertains to the equipment, and in explaining emergency procedures for controlling associated energy sources. blueprints employees safety managers operations managers ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------safety managers Uncontrolled incident scenes pose serious threats to everyone at the site. __________ should be requested to control crowds and traffic and to establish perimeter control. Law enforcement The Fire Chief Site employees Fire investigators ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------law enforcement
When working in or around vehicle or machinery incidents, responders must remember the importance of conducting a thorough scene assessment, which includes selection of the appropriate _______ to perform the tasks. radio channel apparatus gloves PPE ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------PPE Having a _________ present at the incident will ensure a safe work environment for operations. safety officer chief local media representative law enforcement officer ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------safety officer A ________ is an area where rescuers can trap fingers, hands, feet, or legs and is a part of the scene or incident size-up activity. safety area trap spot hazard point pinch point ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------pinch point When working vehicle incidents involving new vehicle designs and engineering changes, responders must realize that some safety equipment designed to protect the vehicle driver and passengers may actually create additional _____ for the rescuers. safety resource needs hazards assistance ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------hazards
Before attempting to rescue occupants or moving a damaged hybrid vehicle, for example, rescuers ________ don full protective equipment to protect against the hazards posed by the vehicle's heat and its nickel metal hydride batteries, which produce toxic fumes when they are burned, including oxides of nickel, cobalt, aluminum, manganese, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, and praseodymium. may need to do not need to should No answer text provided. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------should Regardless of the situation, responders must understand the importance of conducting a good scene survey and ensuring appropriate apparatus placement. Apparatus placement should be - feet upwind or uphill when possible. 150 - 200 75 - 100 250 - 500 200 - 250 ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 150 - 200 ________ is an absolute necessity in protecting responders from individuals who might attempt to enter into the emergency site. Scene control Size-up Establishing command Requesting assistance ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------scene control More than _______ vehicles in the United States use propane gas, most of which have spark-ignition engines that can operate on either propane or gasoline. 500
