Docsity
Docsity

Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity


Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan


Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips

Orthotics & Prosthetics Combined Boards Exam: 499 Questions, Exams of Prosthetics & Orthotics

A comprehensive set of questions and answers for the orthotics and prosthetics combined written boards exam i. It covers a wide range of topics, including anatomy, biomechanics, gait analysis, and common orthopedic conditions. The questions are designed to test the knowledge and understanding of orthotics and prosthetics professionals.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 02/21/2025

Martin-Ray-1
Martin-Ray-1 🇺🇸

5

(8)

6.1K documents

1 / 74

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
1 | P a g e
Orthotics and Prosthetics Combined
Written Boards Exam I Latest Update
with 499 Questions and Multiple
Answers Guaranteed Pass Copy.
A. Knee extension - Answer: ✅a complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it
leaves the lumbar plexus affects what motion?
A. knee extension
B. hip adduction
c. hip extension
d. knee flexion
e. ankle plantarflexion
the femoral nerve - Answer: ✅what is the largest nerve of the lumbar
plexus?
Iliopsoas - Answer: ✅what is the primary flexor of the hip?
common peroneal nerve - Answer: ✅paralytic equinus during swing phase is
often caused by injury to what nerve?
Equinus deformity - Answer: ✅toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion
limitation of the ankle
heel strike on one limb and a subsequent heel strike on the ipsilateral side -
Answer: ✅what is a cycle of gait defined as?
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d
pf1e
pf1f
pf20
pf21
pf22
pf23
pf24
pf25
pf26
pf27
pf28
pf29
pf2a
pf2b
pf2c
pf2d
pf2e
pf2f
pf30
pf31
pf32
pf33
pf34
pf35
pf36
pf37
pf38
pf39
pf3a
pf3b
pf3c
pf3d
pf3e
pf3f
pf40
pf41
pf42
pf43
pf44
pf45
pf46
pf47
pf48
pf49
pf4a

Partial preview of the text

Download Orthotics & Prosthetics Combined Boards Exam: 499 Questions and more Exams Prosthetics & Orthotics in PDF only on Docsity!

Orthotics and Prosthetics Combined

Written Boards Exam I Latest Update

with 499 Questions and Multiple

Answers Guaranteed Pass Copy.

A. Knee extension - Answer: ✅a complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects what motion?

A. knee extension

B. hip adduction

c. hip extension

d. knee flexion

e. ankle plantarflexion

the femoral nerve - Answer: ✅what is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus?

Iliopsoas - Answer: ✅what is the primary flexor of the hip?

common peroneal nerve - Answer: ✅paralytic equinus during swing phase is often caused by injury to what nerve?

Equinus deformity - Answer: ✅toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the ankle

heel strike on one limb and a subsequent heel strike on the ipsilateral side - Answer: ✅what is a cycle of gait defined as?

C. Line of progression - Answer: ✅toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:

A. subtalar joint

B. ankle joint axis

C. line of progression

D. Knee axis

subtalar joint - Answer: ✅what joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur primarily at?

talus, tibia, fibula - Answer: ✅what bones make up the talocrural joint?

dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

essentially a hinge type joint - Answer: ✅what motion occurs in the talocrural joint?

resist over-eversion of the foot - Answer: ✅what is the primary action of the medial ligament of the ankle?

resist over-inversion of the foot - Answer: ✅what is the primary action of the lateral ligament of the ankle?

tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus - Answer: ✅what muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle?

gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis - Answer: ✅what muscles produce plantarflexion of the ankle?

inversion and eversion. flexion and extension - Answer: ✅what motions are produced at the midtarsal joint?

flexion and extension, abduction and adduction - Answer: ✅what motions are produced at the metatarsalphalangeal joints?

flexion and extension - Answer: ✅what motions are produced at the IP joints?

D. shortened step length on contralateral side - Answer: ✅a complete lesion of the tibial nerve on one leg will result in what gait deviations?

A. foot slap on ipsilateral side

B. gluteus medius limp on contralateral side

C. Shortened step length on ipsilateral side

D. shortened step length on contralateral side

(posterior lower leg muscles)

gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus - Answer: ✅what muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve?

cervical lateral flexion - Answer: ✅what is the C3 myotome

shoulder elevation - Answer: ✅what is the C4 myotome

shoulder abduction - Answer: ✅what is the C5 myotome

elbow flexion, wrist extension - Answer: ✅what is the C6 myotome

elbow extension, wrist flexion - Answer: ✅what is the C7 myotome

thumb extension, finger flexion - Answer: ✅what is the C8 myotome

finger abduction and adduction - Answer: ✅what is the T1 myotome

hip flexion - Answer: ✅what is the L2 myotome

knee extension - Answer: ✅what is the L3 myotome

ankle DF - Answer: ✅what is the L4 myotome

great toe extension - Answer: ✅what is the L5 myotome

PF, eversion, hip extension - Answer: ✅what is the S1 myotome

knee flexion, PF - Answer: ✅what is the S2 myotome

Scheuermann's Disease - Answer: ✅a developmental disorder of the spine

abnormal growth of the thoracic spine

anterior portion of the thoracic vertebrae do not develop as fast as the posterior portion resulting in exaggerated kyphosis

D. insure that the mechanical ankle axis coincides with the anatomical ankle

axis in the transverse plane - Answer: ✅the purpose of measuring external rotation of the ankle joint is to:

A. determine total amount of internal rotation of the tibia in a normal adult

B. allow for toe out

C. determine amount of anterior deflection of the lateral sidebar

D. insure that the mechanical ankle axis coincides with the anatomical ankle axis in the transverse plane

D. insure that the medial and lateral mechanical ankle axes are parallel in the coronal plane

C. 10 degrees of varus or valgus, 20 degrees of anterior posterior angulation - Answer: ✅what is the maximum acceptable malalignment of a tibial fracture that can be managed with an off the shelf fracture orthosis?

A. 5 degrees of valgus/varus, 30 degrees of anterior-posterior angulation

B. no more than 5 degrees of varus/valgus, 10 degrees of AP angulation

C. 10 degrees of varus/valgus, 20 degrees of AP angulation

D. 10 degrees of valgus, 30 degrees of AP angulation

A few degrees of relative DF - Answer: ✅for most patients with paraplegia to stand in KAFOs they must be allowed to rest on their iliofemoral ligaments. In order to facilitate this posture, how should the tibias be posistioned sagittally in relationship to the ground?

osteogenesis imperfecta - Answer: ✅congenital osteoporosis, along with fractures before and during birth is indicative of which condition

arthrogryposis - Answer: ✅-non-progressive condition characterized by multiple joint contractures and involves muscle weakness

-found at birth

-most common form is amyoplasia (hands, wrist, elbows, shoulders, feet, hips and knees are affected)

-severe conditions involve the jaw and spine

spina bifida - Answer: ✅-birth defect that occurs when the spine and the spinal cord don't form properly

-neural tube defects

spina bifida occulta - Answer: ✅-mildest form of spina bifida

-results in a small separation or gap in one or more vertebrae

-many pts dont even know they have it

-typically no signs or symptoms due to no nerve involvement

-may see hair/tuft, dimple, or birthmark above the spinal defect

meningocele - Answer: ✅form of spina bifida where the protective membranes around the spinal cord push out through the opening of the vertebrae forming a sac filled with fluid

-the sac does not contain nerves so damage to the spinal cord are less likely (later complications are possible)

myelomeningocele - Answer: ✅-most severe form of spina bifida

spinal canal is open along several vertebrae in the lower or middle back

-membranes and spinal nerves push through an opening at birth forming a sac on the baby's back (typically exposing tissues and nerves)

-prone to life threatening infections

D. a heel lift - Answer: ✅which of the following shoe modifications is most likely to be used for a fixed equinus deformity?

A. a cushioned heel

B. a thomas heel

C. a reverse heel

D. a heel lift

half the distance betwee the adductor tubercle and the medial tibial plateau

  • Answer: ✅what is the correct location for the mechanical knee joint on a KAFO

unreliable family support, poor upper extremity strength, obesity, 20 degree hip flexion contractures - Answer: ✅what are some contrindications for a RGO?

relive the metatarsal heads; elevate the transverse arch - Answer: ✅metatarsal pads function to _____ as well as _____.

D. DF stop - Answer: ✅which of the following ankle joint controls would be indicated for a patient with paralysis of the plantarflexors

A. DF assist

B. PF stop

C. PF assist

D. DF stop

A. 25mm proximal, 12mm anterior - Answer: ✅in relation to the apex of the great trochanter, where is the mechanical hip joint located?

A. 25mm proximal, 12mm anterior

B. 25mm proximal, 12mm posterior

C. 25mm anterior, 12mm proximal

D. 25mm lateral, 12mm distal

femoral nerve - Answer: ✅what nerve innervates the quadriceps?

L2-L4 - Answer: ✅what is the nerve root of the obturator nerve

obturator externus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, part of the adductor magnus, gracilis, pectineus - Answer: ✅what muscles are innervated by the obturator nerve?

  • inversion of the hindfoot

-adduction of the forefoot

-PF of the ankle - Answer: ✅what are the components of supination of the foot-ankle complex?

-eversion of the hindfoot

-abduction of the forefoot

-DF of the ankle - Answer: ✅what are the components of pronation of the foot-ankle complex?

PF of the heel at IC (think knee stability) - Answer: ✅what motion does a cushioned heel simulate?

C. 94 mm (11mm wider than malleoli?) - Answer: ✅if the oblique diameter of the anatomical malleoli is 83mm, the inside diameter of the mechanical ankle joint (using a clevis joint) is?

rigid foot - Answer: ✅what are some contraindications of a UCBL

DAFO - Answer: ✅-dynamic

  • stabilize subtalar and tarsal joints

-treats flexible pes planus, mild/modertate spastic diplegia/hemiplegia CP or hypotonic CP

rigid foot - Answer: ✅what is a contraindication of a DAFO

Supramalleolar (SMO) - Answer: ✅-dynamic

-stabilize subtalar and tarsal joints in stance

-prepositions foot for IC by heel

-treats flexible pes planus, mild/moderate spastic diplegia/hemiplegia CP or hypotonic CP

significant equinovarus and hypertonicity - Answer: ✅what are contraindications of a SMO?

PLS - Answer: ✅-dynamic

-assist in limb clearance in swing

-prepositions foot for IC by heel

-treats DF weakness, impaired motor control, LMN flaccid paralysis of DFs

mod/severe hypertonicity - Answer: ✅what is a contraindication for a PLS

Carbon AFO - Answer: ✅-dynamic

-assist in limb clearance in swing

-prepositions foot for IC by heel

-treats paralysis or impaired muscle performance of DFs

mod/severe hypertonicity - Answer: ✅what is a contraindication of a carbon AFO?

Neuroorthosis - Answer: ✅-dynamic

-assist in limb clearance in swing

-prepositions foot for IC by heel

-treats DF weakness/low tone

-e-stim treatment

flaccid paralysis and intolerance to e-stim - Answer: ✅what are contrainindications for neuro-orthoses

AAFO - Answer: ✅-dynamic

-assist in limb clearance in swing

-prepositions foot for IC by heel

-permits advancement of tibia in stance

-treats impaired motor control of ankle musculature

-indicated for potential reocver of neuromotor funtion

LMN paralysis (flaccidity) or hypotonicity as primary problem - Answer: ✅what is a contraindication for an AAFO

SAFO - Answer: ✅-static

-controls ankle positions throughout stance

A. Fluctuating edema of the foot and leg - Answer: ✅A polymer AFO is contraindicated for which of the following conditions?

A. fluctuating edema of the foot and leg

B. moderate ankle valgus

C. fixed equinus deformity

D. pan talar fusion

B. 6mm medially and 3mm laterally - Answer: ✅If a patient is wearing a KAFO with bilateral ring locks engages, the clearance from the ring locks to the patients skin should be:

A. 9mm medially, 8mm laterally

B. 6mm medially, 3mm laterally

C. 6mm laterally, 9mm medially

D. 6mm laterally, 3 mm medially

ankle= neutral

knee= almost full extension

hip= 25-30 degree flexion - Answer: ✅what degrees are the ankle, knee and hip in during initial contact

ankle = PF to 10 degrees

knee= flexes to 15-18 degrees

hip = maintains 30 degrees of flexion - Answer: ✅what degrees are the ankle, knee and hip in during loading response?

ankle = 5 degrees DF

knee = extended/neutral

hip = moves into extension - Answer: ✅what degrees are the ankle, knee and hip in during midstance?

ankle = 10 degree DF

knee = full extension

hip = slight hyperextension - Answer: ✅what degrees are the ankle, knee and hip in during terminal stance?

ankle = 20 degree PF

knee = 35-40 degrees of flexion

hip-still in extension but moving toward flexion - Answer: ✅what degrees are the ankle, knee and hip in during pre-swing

ankle= moves from 20 degrees of PF to 5 degrees DF

knee= moves into 60 degrees of flexion

hip = moves into 20 degrees of flexion - Answer: ✅what degrees are the ankle, knee and hip in during initial swing?

ankle= neutral

knee= extends to 30 degrees of flexion

hip = preserves flexion - Answer: ✅what degrees are the ankle, knee and hip in during midswing?

ankle=neutral

knee=fully extended

hip = moves into 30 degree of flexion - Answer: ✅what degrees are the ankle, knee and hip in during terminal swing?

tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis, extensor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis brevis and fibularis tertius muscles

  • Answer: ✅what muscles are innervated bu the deep branch of the common fibular (peroneal) nerve?

eversion of the subtalar joint - Answer: ✅what motion would be lost if the superficial branch of the common peroneal nerve was injured?

tibial nerve - Answer: ✅what nerve innervated the tibialis posterior?

A. DF stop and PF stop - Answer: ✅Pt is a 20 year old male with a diagnosis of T10 incomplete spinal cord injury in 2007. Ambulation exhibits extensor spasticity with 10 degrees of genurecurvatum Ankle control of choince in the AFO is?

A. DF stop and PF stop

B. DF stop and PF assist

C. free ankle

D. PF stop and PF assist

anterior to the hip and knee and through the heel - Answer: ✅where is the ground reaction force at heel strike/initial contact

posterior to ankle and knee, through hip - Answer: ✅where is the ground reaction force at loading response

anterior to knee and ankle, posterior to hip - Answer: ✅where is the ground reaction force during midstance

anterior to ankle and knee and posterior to hip - Answer: ✅where is the ground reaction force during terminal stance

anterior to ankle, posterior to knee and hip - Answer: ✅where is the ground reaction force during preswing?

anterior to ankle, posterior to hip and knee - Answer: ✅where is the ground reaction force during initial swing phase?

posterior to ankle and knee, anterior/through hip - Answer: ✅where is the ground reaction force during midswing

posterior to knee and ankle, anterior to hip - Answer: ✅where is the ground reaction for during terminal swing

C. step lock knee joint - Answer: ✅you have assessed a spinda bifida patient that would benefit from bilateral KAFOs. Which type of knee joint does not require the patient to manually lock the knee but would allow the patient to use their upper extremities to get to an erect position?

A. dial lock knee joint

B. ring long knee joint

C. step lock knee joint

D. posterior offset knee joint

flexed, internally rotated and adducted - Answer: ✅Posterior hip dislocations may occur in a MVA. What position of the hip has the highest risk of dislocation?