Docsity
Log inSign up
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search Store documents

The best documents sold by students who completed their studies

Search through all study resources
Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

University Rankings

Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

From our blog

Exams and Study
Go to the blog

Orthopedic Nursing Exam Q&A: Arthritis, Fractures & Musculoskeletal Conditions, Exams of Medicine

Kent State University (KSU) - East Liverpool CampusMedicine

A concise review of orthopedic nursing exam topics, focusing on key differences between rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and osteoarthritis (oa), including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. It covers various orthopedic conditions such as cauda equina syndrome, degenerative spondylolisthesis, and different types of fractures. Additionally, it includes information on hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, strains, sprains, and hip dysplasia. The document also outlines post-operative care for hip replacement and discusses conditions like bursitis and polymyalgia rheumatica. It serves as a quick reference for nursing students preparing for exams in orthopedic nursing, offering updated information for 2025.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 05/18/2025

Nurseexcel
Nurseexcel 🇺🇸

5

(1)

832 documents

1 / 25

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
1 / 25
Orthopedic Nursing Exam Practice Exam
Questions and Correct Answers 2025 Updated
1. rheumatoid arthritis: Multisystem inflammation extra
articular manifestations
2. 40-60 y/o and females (75%): typical diagnosis age and gender for RA
3. typical descriptors of the joint in RA: laxity, sublaxation, contractures, nodules ankylosing
4. Pannus: an abnormal layer of fibrovascular or granulation tissue over joint tissue, destroys
cartilage
5. Morning stiffness. Painful, stiff, & swollen joints. Limited range of motion of joints.
History of late afternoon temperature, with temperature spiking up to 105° F. Systemic
symptoms include malaise, fatigue, lethargy, anorexia, weight loss, & growth problems.:
typical symptoms of RA
6. NSAIDS
DMARDS
Biologic response modifiers (BRMs)
Steroids: Rheumatoid arthritis drug treatment options
7. disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs): hydroxychloroquine Levaquin
methotrexate
minocycline
sulfasalazine
8. Osteoarthritis: slow progressive loss of articular cartilage "not
inflammatory"
9. idiopathic osteoarthritis- old age
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19

Partial preview of the text

Download Orthopedic Nursing Exam Q&A: Arthritis, Fractures & Musculoskeletal Conditions and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity!

Orthopedic Nursing Exam Practice Exam

Questions and Correct Answers 2025 Updated

  1. rheumatoid arthritis: Multisystem inflammation extra articular manifestations
  2. 40 - 60 y/o and females (75%): typical diagnosis age and gender for RA
  3. typical descriptors of the joint in RA: laxity, sublaxation, contractures, nodules ankylosing
  4. Pannus: an abnormal layer of fibrovascular or granulation tissue over joint tissue, destroys cartilage
  5. Morning stiffness. Painful, stiff, & swollen joints. Limited range of motion of joints. History of late afternoon temperature, with temperature spiking up to 105° F. Systemic symptoms include malaise, fatigue, lethargy, anorexia, weight loss, & growth problems.: typical symptoms of RA
  6. NSAIDS DMARDS Biologic response modifiers (BRMs) Steroids: Rheumatoid arthritis drug treatment options
  7. disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs): hydroxychloroquine Levaquin methotrexate minocycline sulfasalazine
  8. Osteoarthritis: slow progressive loss of articular cartilage "not inflammatory"
  9. idiopathic osteoarthritis- old age

secondary osteoarthritis - from previous damage: 2 causes of OA

  1. Cauda Equina Syndrome: central disc prolapse compressing nerves cutting off sensation and movement
  2. Symptoms of cauda equina syndrome: Bladder and bowel incontinence, per- ineal numbness, bilateral sciatica, lower limb weakness, crossed straight-leg raisin sign
  3. degenerative spondylolisthesis: caused by weakening of joints that allows for forward slippage of one vertebral segment on one below due to degenerative changes, most common site is L4/L5, william's flexion exercises may be indicated to strengthen abs and reduce lumbar lordosis
  4. herniated disc (slipped disc):
  5. bulging disc: c

- PRP (platelet rich plasma): pharmalogical treatment options of OA

  1. athroscopy: Less invasive surgery involving the use of a scope, or camera, to see what is problem inside joints
  2. tibial osteotomy: A wedge cut into the tibial plateau to correct varus or valgus deformity.
  3. arthrodesis: surgical fusion of a joint
  4. arthroplasty: surgical repair or replacement of a joint
  5. hip resurfacing: Placing of metal cap over head of femur to restore function of the hip
  6. Unicondylar knee replacement: Is done when a client's joint is diseased in one compartment of the joint

sty eral head and

  1. rheumatic fever: complication of group A strept
  2. Methotrexate: first line treatment of RA
  3. diet for gout: low-purine diet (no fish, beer, organ meats)
  4. ankylosing spondylitis: a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae "bamboo spine"
  • rheumatoid factor
  1. Abduction: position post op hip should be in to reduce risk of dislocation
  2. Primary hyperparathyroidism: Adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma, hypercal- cemia, excess removal of ca and phos from bones
  3. adenoma: noncancerous tumor
  4. Seconday hyperparathyroidism: occur in pts. who have CKD and so-called "renal rickets", excess PTH, vit D Deficiency
  5. tertiary hypothyroidism: results when the hypothalamus gland does not se- crete thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which stimulates the release of TSH. usually post renal transplant
  6. pseudogout: Ca pyrophosphate
  • birefringent crystals
  1. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: - type of shoulder arthropla
  • rotator cuff is non-reparable
  • ball-and-socket are reversed
  1. Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Prosthetic replacement of the hum glenoid cavity.
  1. hyperparathyroid ca and phos, vit d and pth relationship: increased CA decreased Phos vit d and pth increased
  2. Hypoparathyroidism: deficient production of parathyroid hormone
  3. Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism: which type of hypoparathyroidism is rare, hereditary, unknown cause, labs include very low calcium, high phosphorous
  4. Acquired hypoparathyroidism: Ï Acquired deficiency of PTH after neck surgery Ï Autoimmune disease or infection Ï Magnesium deficiency (Mg is necessary for PTH production)
  5. reversible hypoparathyroidism: caused by alcoholism, malabsorption, PPI use , anything causing decreased vitamin d (GI surgery)
  6. symptoms of low calcium: Tingling, seizures, muscle spasms, heart failure, cataracts, hair loss, dry scaly skin, chvostek and trousseaus sign
  7. positive chvostek sign: spasm of the facial muscles produced by sharply tapping over the facial nerve in front of the parotid gland and anterior to the ear; suggestive of latent tetany in patients with hypocalcemia
  8. Positive Trousseau's sign: hand/finger spasms with sustained blood pressure cuff inflation
  9. strain: A condition resulting from damaging a muscle or tendonm stretching beyond limits , musculotendonous junction
  10. first degree strain: mild or slightly pulled muscle, hamstring strain
  11. second degree strain: partial tearing of muscle and tendon
  12. third degree strain: A complete tear of a muscle resulting in either severe or no pain, decreased or increased range of motion, moderate to severe swelling, and obvious deformity.
  1. Sprain: injury to a ligament caused by joint trauma but without joint dislocation or fracture
  2. Congenital Hip Dysplasia: Hip instability with limited abduction of hips and occasionally adduction contractures , abnormal development of hip
  3. subluxation: the partial displacement of a bone from its joint
  4. stress fracture: a small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic, excessive impact
  5. Intraarticular fracture: Fracture in or of a joint
  6. Intracapsular fracture: a fracture inside the joint capsule
  7. extra capsular fracture: occur outside the joint capsule
  8. comminuted fracture: fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed
  1. osteomalacia: disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency
  2. Rickets: osteomalacia in children; causes bone deformity
  1. symptoms of rickets: skin pallor, delayed closure of skull fontanels, enlarged cranium, short stature, pigeon breat/ prominent abdomen
  2. Paget's disease: a bone disease of unknown cause characterized by the exces- sive breakdown of bone tissue, followed by abnormal bone formation rapid bone resorption
  3. osteitis deformans: bone deformities due to a failure of bone remodeling
  4. osteolysis: bone destruction rapid bone resorption
  5. Acute Hypoparathyroidism: *Positive Chvostek and Trousseau Signs (indi- cates potential tetany) *Hyperactive DTR *Circumoral Pareshtesia *Numbness and tingling of fingers, emergency
  6. post op care for hip replacement: - avoid hip flexion beyond 60 degrees for approx. 10 days
  • avoid hip flexion beyond 90 degrees for 2 - 3 months
  • avoid ADDuction of affected leg beyond midline for 2 - 3 months
  • maintain partial weight bearing status for approx 2 - 3 months
  • avoid positioning on the operative side in bed
  • maintain ABDuction of the hip by using wedge-shaped foam bolster or pillow arranged in a wedge

seen in per-

  1. Bursitis: inflammation of a bursa, producing excess synovial fluid
  2. olecranon (elbow): bursitis of elbow
  3. subacromial bursitis: Inflammation and swelling of subacromial bursa over the shoulder cause limited ROM and pain with motion, shoulder impingement. Localized swelling under deltoid muscle may increase by partial passive abduction of the arm. Caused by direct trauma, strain during sports, local or systemic inflammatory process, or repetitive motion with injury.
  4. prepatellar bursitis: swelling of bursa between patella and skin; sons who kneel often
  5. Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR): a geriatric inflammatory disorder of the mus- cles and joints characterized by pain and stiffness- flu like symptoms stiffness in morning and during inactive periods
  6. bucks traction: traction on skin
  7. halo traction: traction on skeleton
  8. open reduction internal fixation ORIF: open incision pins around bone
  9. closed reduction external fixation: pins through the skin
  10. kyphoplasty: cement injected in a compression fracture
  11. blunt trauma: injury over soft tissue not punturing the skin
  12. ATFL anterior talofibular ligament: most common injured joint in ankle
  1. Lachmans test: used to diagnosed an ACL tear 30 degree flexion while stabi- lizin the femur
  2. Autograft for ACL: using your own hamstring tenson to heal ACL
  3. Allograft: using a tendon from someone else for surgery
  4. MCL: most commonly torn ligament of the knee
  5. PCL tear: usually only from blunt force to front of knee
  6. THIRD The Hip Rotation with Distraction: used to diagnose a Hip labral tear
  7. Straight Leg Raise (SLR): lumbar disc herniation test
  8. no: can you have pillow under knee with knee surgeries?
  9. anterior hip approach: 3 - 4 inch incision less common hip surgery , avoid extension , abduction and external rotation
  10. posterior hip approach: 5 - 8 in incision most common hip surgery, no flexion, adduction or internal fixation
  11. hemi arthoplasty: with glenohumeral arthritis , only replacing humeral head
  1. ewing sarcoma: rare malignant tumor arising in bone; most often occurring in children
  2. Bouchard's nodes: swollen PIP joint on hands
  3. herberden nodes: in osteoarthritis swollen DIP joints
  4. reverse total shoulder replacement: Done for completely torn R.C or prior shoulder replacement that failed Cup on humerus Ball on shoulder Deltoid can be used as prime mover
  5. Multiple Sclerosis (MS): disease of the central nervous system characterized by the demyelination (deterioration of the myelin sheath) of nerve fibers, with episodes of neurologic dysfunction (exacerbation) followed by recovery (remission)
  6. white matter plaques: MS on an MRI shows what
  1. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: hereditary condition characterized by progres- sive degeneration of the muscles (muscle atrophy) of the lower leg, specifically those associated with the fibula
  2. myasthenia gravis: a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromus- cular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles like ptosis- eye drooping
  3. gower sign: use hands to stand calf pseudohypertophy (Duchenne - UGA stop)
  4. Dermatomyositis: heliotrope rash an grotton papules are associated with what
  5. cardiomyopathy: most common death of duchenee muscular dystrophy
  6. respiratory failure: common cause of death in ALS
  7. systemic sclerosis: a diffuse connective tissue disease that may involve any system causing inflammation, degeneration, and fibrosis - autoimmune multisystem disorder CREST
  8. fibromyalgia: chronic condition with widespread aching and pain in the mus- cles and fibrous soft tissue diffuse nonarticular musculoskelal pain
  9. 11 - 18 years: fibromyalgia is pain at home many tender points
  10. blounts disease: Growth disorder of the tibia that causes the lower leg to angle inward
  11. barlows test: - pt. positioned supine hip flexed to 90 degrees and knees flexed
  • therapist stabilizes the femur and pelvis with one hand while the other hand moves the test leg into adduction while applying forward pressure posterior to the greater trochanter += click or clunk that may be indicative of a hip dislocation being reduced

scissoring legs increased uti risk

  1. Warm water for 4 minutes followed by cold water for one minute for 15 minutes 2- 4 times a day: Contrast baths for sprains
  2. Widespread Pain Index above 7 and symptom severity above 5 Pain in four quadrants for 3 months or more: Fibromyalgia symptom based criteria
  3. During treatment and one ovulation cycle after: Childbearing mothers should use birth control how long on methotrexate
  4. During treatment and 3 mo after: Men should take birth control how long on methotrexate
  5. Slight thinning of bone: Stage 1 rheumatoid arthritis on bones
  6. Bone thinning with slight damage to bone and slight cartilage damage with atrophy of adjacent muscles and limitations to joint mobility: Stage 2 RA
  7. Cartilage damage bone damage muscle atrophy joint deformity nodules and tenosynovitis: Stage 3 RA
  8. Osteoporosis permanent stiffness and joint ankylosis: Stage 4 RA
  9. Used during periods of immobility Tightening and relaxing muscles 4 - 5 times a day 70% contraction: Isometric exercise for RA
  10. Straps replaced with bias cut wrapping to even the distribution of pres- sure on the skin Do not remove the splint or loosen the straps: What should you do if you have window edema in a wrist split
  11. serial casting: use of fiberglass or plaster of paris materials to position clients with

increased tone and over time stretch out soft tissue contractures

  1. Replaced weekly Night before the change put child in warm bath so the can remove the cast before Wash the skin and check it: How to remove serial casts
  2. ataxia: inability to perform coordinated movements Walk is unsteady and uncoordinated with wide base and feet higher than normal while stepping flat on the floor
  3. Steppage gait: A gait pattern in which the feet and toes are lifted through hip and knee flexion to excessive heights; usually secondary to dorsiflexor weakness. The foot will slap at initial contact with the ground secondary to the decreased control.
  4. Scissoring gait: Legs cross over each other with toes dragging; Multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy or cord compression