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The two basic light sources used for fiber optics: lasers and light-emitting diodes (LED). It compares the characteristics of LED and laser light sources, including output power, spectral width, numerical aperture, speed, cost, and ease of operation. The document also explains the properties of laser light, such as monochromaticity, directionality, and coherence. It provides examples of current laser systems and their properties, including HeNe, Argon, HeCd, Copper Vapor, CO2, Excimer, Dye, Ruby, Nd:YAG, Ti:AlO2, and Semiconductor lasers. Finally, the document discusses spontaneous emission and the lifetime of excited energy levels.
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Laser Output power^
Lower^ Higher Spectral width^
Wider^ Narrower Numerical aperture^
Larger^ Smaller Speed^
Slower^ Faster Cost^
Less^ More Ease of operation^
Easier^ More difficult
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