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OPT 200D DRUGS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED!!, Exams of Advanced Education

OPT 200D DRUGS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED!!

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 03/08/2025

Smartsolutions
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OPT 200D DRUGS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED!!
Xalatan - ANSWER Prostaglandin Analog
Latanoprost
0.005% solution, 1 gtt q.h.s.
available as generic
Lumigan - ANSWER Prostaglandin Analog
Bimatoprost
0.01% solution, 1 gtt q.h.s
Travatan Z - ANSWER Prostaglandin Analog
Travoprost
0.004% solution, 1 gtt q.h.s
Azopt - ANSWER CAI
Brinzolamide
1% suspension, 1 gtt b.i.d.(adjunct) or t.i.d. (alone)
have to shake b/c suspension
Trusopt - ANSWER CAI
Dorzolamide
2% solution, 1 gtt b.i.d. (adjunct) or t.i.d. (alone)
more irritating
Timolol - ANSWER Beta Blocker
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OPT 2 00 D DRUGS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 100 % VERIFIED!!

Xalatan - ANSWER Prostaglandin Analog Latanoprost 0.005% solution, 1 gtt q.h.s. available as generic

Lumigan - ANSWER Prostaglandin Analog Bimatoprost 0.01% solution, 1 gtt q.h.s

Travatan Z - ANSWER Prostaglandin Analog Travoprost 0.004% solution, 1 gtt q.h.s

Azopt - ANSWER CAI Brinzolamide 1% suspension, 1 gtt b.i.d.(adjunct) or t.i.d. (alone) have to shake b/c suspension

Trusopt - ANSWER CAI Dorzolamide 2% solution, 1 gtt b.i.d. (adjunct) or t.i.d. (alone) more irritating

Timolol - ANSWER Beta Blocker

0.25% solution, 1 gtt q.d.

Alphagan - ANSWER alpha agonist Brimonidine 0.2% or 0.15%, solution 1 gtt bid (adjunct) or TID (alone)

Alphagan P - ANSWER alpha agonist Brimonidine 0.15% or 0.1% solution, 1 gtt bid (adjunct) or tid (alone) preservative Purite is less allergenic

Crolom, alomide, Alamast, Alocril - ANSWER Mast cell stabilizer

**- Requires longer treatment to be effective

  • Approximately 4 weeks** » Appropriate for seasonal allergies - Some symptomatic relief after 3 days » Not good choice by itself for acute allergic conjunctivitis

Opcon A, NaphconA, Visine A - ANSWER Decongestant/ Antihistamine

Alaway or Zaditor - ANSWER Antihistamine/ Mast cell stabilizer (OTC) Ketotifen 0.025% solution, b.i.d.

Pataday - ANSWER Antihistamine/Mast Cell Stabilizer (Rx) olopatadine 0.2% solution, 1 gtt qd

Pred mild - ANSWER Mild Steroid Prednisolone acetate 0.12% suspension

Alrex - ANSWER Mild Steroid

Ibuprofen - ANSWER NSAID Up to 200 to 800 mg by mouth q.i.d.

Acular LS - ANSWER NSAID Ketorolac 0.4% solution, 1 gtt q.i.d.

Atropine - ANSWER Pain Management & control inflammation (b/c constrict pupil) 1% solution 1 gtt b.i.d. or t.i.d.

Tobradex (ST) - ANSWER Combination Antibiotic/Steroid Tobramycin 0.3% & dexamethasone 0.1% suspension, ointment

- ST = improved suspension technology

Zylet - ANSWER Combination Antibiotic/Steroid Tobramycin 0.3% and loteprednol 0.5% suspension

Keflex - ANSWER Oral Antibiotics - Preseptal

- Cephalexin (250 or 500 mg)

- Preseptal: one 500 mg tablet by mouth q.i.d. x 7 days caution if allergic to PCN

Augmentin - ANSWER Oral Antibiotics - Preseptal

- PCN (250, 500, or 875 mg) + clavulanate (125 mg) - Preseptal: one 500mg cappsule by mouth b.i.d. x 10 days

Zithromax - ANSWER Oral Antibiotics - Preseptal

**- Azythromycin (250, 500, 600 mg)

  • Two 250 mg capsules by mouth x 1 day, one 250 mg capsule x 4 days** Z-pack

Doxycycline - ANSWER Oral Antibiotics - Blepharitis

**- 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 mg

  • Blepharitis: one 100mg capsule by mouth b.i.d. x 6 weeks** » Not to be used with milk or antacids » Not to be used < 8 year old **- Affects bone and teeth formation
  • Caution with birth control pills**

Tetracycline - ANSWER Oral Antibiotics - Blepharitis Same class as doxycycline

Antibiotic -- Topicals - ANSWER • AzaSite

**- Zymar/ Zymaxid/ Vigamox/ Moxeza/ Besivance

  • Polytrim
  • Tobrex**

- Safe to use > 2 -month olds - Typical eye infections: 1 -2 gtts q4 hours x 7-10 days - Severe eye infections/ulcers: 2gtts q1 hour until improvement, then q.i.d.

Polytrim Ophthalmic Solution - ANSWER • Trimethoprim + polymyxin B

**- Good choice for bacterial conjunctivitis

  • Broad spectrum: Gram positive and gram negative -** Awesome against MRSA [Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus] - Sig: 1 gtt, q3 -4 hour, in affected eye x 7-10 day **- Infants (>2mo) ~ elderly
  • $50 for 10mL bottle**

Trimethoprim - ANSWER • Inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis

**- Prevents production of Thymidine triphosphate

  • Nobel Peace Prize 1988**

Polymixin B - ANSWER • Gram negative only

**- Binds to cell membranes

  • Increases permeability
  • Resulting water uptake... cell death
  • Inactivates endotoxins
  • Lipopolysaccharides released... toxic to other cells**

4th Generation Fluoroquinolones - ANSWER • Powerful antibiotic

- inhibits two different enzymes: Bacterial topoisomerase IV & Topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) - Bacterial resistance less likely but already documented

no vitreous penetration similar antibiosis in anterior chamber

**- Gram negative efficacy: besifloxacin > gatifloxacin > moxifloxacin

  • Gram positive efficacy: besifloxacin > gatifloxacin > or < moxifloxacin**

Gatifloxacin - ANSWER 4th Generation Fluoroquinolones 0.5% ophthalmic solution

- Zymaxid [q2 hour x 1 day, b.i.d.-q.i.d. x 6 day] » Zymar (0.3%) ... discontinued preserved with BAK

Moxifloxacin - ANSWER 4th Generation Fluoroquinolones

**- Vigamox [t.i.d.]

  • Moxeza [b.i.d. because more viscous]** 0.5% ophthalmic solution not preserved but not shown to be less irritating

Besifloxacin - ANSWER 4th Generation Fluoroquinolones

- Besivance 0.6% ophthalmic suspension, t.i.d. [shake well] Preserved with BAK best gram positive and negative efficacy

Thimerosal - ANSWER -Preservative but not used because of high allergy rate (25-50%) -mercury

BAK - ANSWER • Detergent

» Wetting agents trapped and protected acanthamoeba » Uptake by contact lens reduced fungicidal activity

Aldox - ANSWER • Myristamidopropyl dimethylamine preservative

**- Strong biocide

  • Effective against acanthamoeba & fungi
  • Mechanism unknown**

Hydrogen Peroxide - ANSWER • Needs a catalyst to neutralize

- Two types: Neutralize as disinfects & Neutralize after disinfection - Very effective cleaning and disinfection - Problems can arise during storage

Second generation Fluoroquinolones - ANSWER • Inhibit DNA gyrase •Was first touted as the best thing ever

- lot of gram positive resistance but can prescribe with gram + selective

Ciprofloxacin - ANSWER 2nd generation Fluoroquinolones Ciloxan 0.3% solution or ointment, 1-2 gtts q1-4 hour

Ofloxacin - ANSWER 2nd Generation Fluoroquinolones Ocuflox, 0.3% ophthalmic solution, 1-2 gtts q1-4 hour

Third Generation Fluoroquinolone - ANSWER •not as good as 4th generation for gram positive selection

•Better than 2nd generation for gram positive

- Good ocular penetration

Levofloxacin - ANSWER 3rd generation fluoroquinolones 1.5% or 0.5% ophthalmic solution ○ Lquix (1.5%), 1-2 gtts q1 hour to q4 hour

○Quixin (0.5%) or generic (0.5%), 1-2 gtts q.i.d. x 7-10 days

Components of a Prescription - ANSWER • Name of medicine: Trade name or generic with concentration; Form (sol, susp, ung, tab, cap)

**- Amount of med to be dispensed: Size of bottle, number of capsules

  • Instructions: How many drops, Frequency of instillation, Which eye, route of** administration (po), Duration of treatment **- Refills
  • Other instructions: Shake well -** Generic substitutions?: Pred Forte for uveitis should not be substituted.

Cosopt - ANSWER Combo GLC med (beta blocker and CAI) » Timolol 0.5% solution + dorzolamide 2% solution » Less effective than separate components (in studies) » But compliance better (in practice)

Combigan - ANSWER Combo glaucoma medication (beta blocker and alpha agonist) » Timolol 0.5% solution + brimonidine 0.2% solution » Allergy to brimonidine less

Writing a Prescription - ANSWER Medicine / strength or concentration / Form Quantity (if don't know available bottle size say "largest/smallest"

- Caution in diabetes, bradycardia

Alpha agonists Side Effects and Contraindication - ANSWER • Side Effects: Tends to cause allergic reaction; Depression

- Contraindication: MAOI

Erthyromycin - ANSWER 0.05% Ophthalmic ointment

**- Macrolide •broad spectrum Gram positive selective

  • Cheap
  • Bacteriostatic: Inhibits cell grows & Interferes with protein synthesis
  • 1 g or 3.5 tube
  • Apply 1/2 " ribbon to lower fornix, QHS or q.i.d. (you specify) 7 days** ○ Vision becomes blurry with ointment so it is difficult for them to be compliant if you prescribe too often