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Questions & 100% Correct Answers
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when chemo is used before primary treatment (surgery) to reduce the size of a tumor Correct Answer: neoadjuvant therapy neoadjuvant therapy is common for what 2 kind of cancers? Correct Answer: colon and breast when chemo is used after primary (surgery, radiation) Correct Answer: adjuvant induction Correct Answer: start of chemo consolidation Correct Answer: testing labs and such after chemo myeloblation Correct Answer: destroying the bone marrow in order to a transplant for leukemias
what do alkylayting agents do? Correct Answer: directly damage the DNA to stop replication Alkylating agents major side effects Correct Answer: naseau and vomititng, myelosupression, neurotoxicity alkylating ages examples Correct Answer: cisplatin, carboplatin, busulfan, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, melphalan, oxaliplatin cyclophosphamide Correct Answer: used for leukemias, lymphomas, myeloma, breast and ovarian cancer, neuroblastoma, and retinoblastoma. HYDRATE before and after (can cause acute hemmoragic cystitis). can cause liver and renal damage. can cause extreme nausea, and cardiac issues. contraindicated if extreme marrow suppression. cisplatin Correct Answer: used for bladder, testes, ovaries, endometrial cancer, lung cancer, head and neck and squamous cell. contraindicated for bad kidneys, hearing loss, neuropathy, lactation, and myelosupresion. vesicant. can cause neuropathy and ototoxicmy, extreme nausea, delayed nausea. need fluids!
doxorubacin Correct Answer: used for tumors and blood cancers. vesicant. go slow. be aware of patients heart. cardiotoxic. Nitrosoureas Correct Answer: inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis. can cross blood brain barrier! can cause secondary malignancies. pulmonary fibrosis, anorexia, alopecia. example: carmustine carmustine Correct Answer: pulmonary toxic, be aware. irinotecan Correct Answer: not recommended while on radiation. caution against elderly due to diarrhea. Plant Alkaloids Correct Answer: vincristine, etoposide, paclitaxel. neurotoxicity, hypersensativity paclitaxel Correct Answer: should not be used with patients with neutrophils below 1500. can cause anaphylaxis. premeditate with dex, benadryl, and famatodine.
etoposide Correct Answer: hold for less than 500 neutrophils and platelets less than 50,000. go slow so no hypotension or reaction vincristine Correct Answer: vesicant. do not give intrathecally, FATAL. only IV. can cause paralytic illeus, recommend stool softener. peripheral neuropathy, and possibly seizure hydroxurea Correct Answer: oral agent. be careful with gout. neurotoxic: confusion, seizures, dizziness, headaches. hormone therapy Correct Answer: use din cancers that are spurred on by hormones. also used used for chemo side effects (corticosteroids) like inflammation, nausea, reactions, decreased appetite. specific cancers for hormone therapy Correct Answer: prostate and breast tamoxifen
lapatinib Correct Answer: targeted therapy for HER2. black box, hepatotoxic! take one hour before a meal. no grapefruit juice. checkpint inhibitors Correct Answer: immunotherapy where there are blocks which stop the cancer cells as disguising themselves as normal cells. SE:inflammation. pt should watch for SE and make sure providers know they are on immunotherapy, not chemo immunotherapy SE Correct Answer: rash, colitis, diarrhea, hypo or hyperthyroidism, pneumonitis, nephritis what can we give with immunotherapy to help SE? Correct Answer: steroids Ipilimumab Correct Answer: used for melanoma. immunotherapy. can cause fatigue, headache, skin problems, inflimation nivolumab
Correct Answer: used for lung cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, lymphoma. watch for inflammation (liver, kidneys, gastro). fatigue, neuropathy interferons and SE Correct Answer: immunotherapy genre. can cause depression and suicicdal ideation, fatigue, flu-like symptoms, rituximab Correct Answer: antibodies. can cause reaction fever =, chills, bronchospasm. tumor lysis syndrome. can give with tylenol and benadryl trastuzamab Correct Answer: antibodies. can cause heart failure. be extremely careful if previous heart disorder. can cause reaction antangiogenic therapy Correct Answer: cuts the blood vessels that supply the tumor bevacizumab Correct Answer: antiangiogenic agent. can cause hemmorage. discontinue immediately with surgery and healing. hold for 28 days before and after surgery. monitor bp
