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ONCC PRACTICE TESTS (OCN -
TREATMENT MODALITIES) Exam |
Questions & 100% Correct Answers
(Verified) | Latest Update | Grade A+
A patient demonstrates an adequate understanding of the teaching provided regarding chemotherapy and myelosuppression by stating: "Myelosuppression is: a potential side effect of many cancer treatments." unintentional prior to a bone marrow transplant." when laboratory values show an elevation in the white blood cell count." the overreaction of the body's immune system to a medication." Correct Answer: a potential side effect of many cancer treatments." Answer: Chemotherapy will decrease the response by the immune system by causing neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia, collectively known as myelosuppression. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 171.
Alkylating agents exert their effects by: binding to DNA strands, preventing DNA replication and cell division. causing the release of toxic free radicals inside the cell, triggering cell apoptosis. attaching to CD52 on the surface of B and T cells, resulting in antibody-dependent lysis. disrupting folate-dependent metabolic processes essential for cell replication. Correct Answer: binding to DNA strands, preventing DNA replication and cell division. Answer: Alkalyting agents break the DNA helix strand and interfere with DNA replication. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 27(t). The nurse preparing to instill intravesical mitomycin should wear which of the following pieces of personal protective equipment? A plastic face shield A pair of shoe covers A front-closing laboratory gown One pair of powdered nitrile gloves
Hormone therapy is effective for which two types of cancer? Breast and prostate Sarcoma and small cell lung Lymphoma and gallbladder Liver and chronic myeloid leukemia Correct Answer: Breast and prostate Answer: Hormone therapy has been successfully used to treat breast and prostate cancers. Reference: Eggert, J. (Ed.). (2017). Cancer basics (2nd ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 259. A 25-year-old patient is being treated with temozolomide. The patient is instructed to: take the medication at bedtime on an empty stomach. divide the medication doses over 24 hours. consume a magnesium supplement with the medication. ingest the medication with a full glass of milk. Correct Answer: take the medication at bedtime on an empty stomach.
Answer: Patients are to be instructed to take temozolomide on an empty stomach at bedtime to decrease the risk of nausea and vomiting. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 31(t). Which of the following chemotherapy orders should the nurse question? Intrathecal vincristine Intramuscular asparaginase Intraperitoneal cisplatin Subcutaneous bortezomib Correct Answer: Intrathecal vincristine Answer: Vincristine is fatal if administered intrathecally. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 47(t). Which of the following conditions will most likely be treated by an allogeneic stem cell transplant?
Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, pp. 171-172. Myeloablative conditioning for stem cell transplantation includes: high-dose chemotherapy. a nutritional analysis. a retrograde surgical intervention. a fitness evaluation. Correct Answer: high-dose chemotherapy. Answer: Administration of high-dose chemotherapy helps eliminate residual disease prior to a hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 5. Information about which of the following side effects should be provided to a patient being treated with posaconazole?
Torsades de Pointes Pancreatitis Toxic epidermal necrolysis Aplastic anemia Correct Answer: Torsades de Pointes Answer: Life-threatening adverse reactions to posaconazole can include Torsades de Pointes, hepatocellular damage, and allergic reactions. Reference: Vallerand, A.H., Sanoski, C.A. & Deglin, J.H. (2017). Davis's Drug Guide for Nurses (15th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company, p. 1025. Surgery is a cancer treatment modality that: may be the only treatment that a patient requires. aims to remove only a portion of the primary tumor. is only used as a palliative measure to relieve symptoms. cause less toxicity when used in conjunction with chemotherapy. Correct Answer: may be the only treatment that a patient requires. Answer: Surgery is a cancer treatment modality that can be used along with chemotherapy, radiation or may be used alone and can be the only treatment that a patient will require.
Chemotherapy given after the first trimester has minimal fetal toxicities. Doses will be decreased to ensure safety. A spontaneous abortion will most likely occur. Treatment will be held until after the delivery of the child. Correct Answer: Chemotherapy given after the first trimester has minimal fetal toxicities. Answer: Chemotherapy started after the first trimester has less complications, and poses less risk to the fetus. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 131. A patient with an unresectable T2 N2 M1 adenocarcinoma of the colon is receiving fluorouracil and leucovorin. What is the goal of this treatment regimen? Control cancer cell growth Promote cellular transformation Increase cellular contact inhibition
Promote radiosensitivity Correct Answer: Control cancer cell growth Answer: A colon cancer with staging T2 N2 M1 is a stage IV cancer, which is advanced metastatic cancer. Cure is not possible with unresectable disease. Chemotherapy in this setting is given until the disease progresses. Reference: Yarbro, C.H., Wujcik, D., & Gobel, B.H. (Eds.). (2018). Cancer nursing: Principles and practice (8th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett, p. 1448. Allogeneic stem cell transplants are used to treat which of the following diseases? Acute lymphoblastic leukemia Breast cancer Germ cell tumors Amyloidosis Correct Answer: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia Answer: Allogeneic stem cell transplant types may be either myeloablative or nonmyeloablative and can be used to treat acute lymphocytic leukemia among other malignant and nonmalignant blood disorders.
Rituximab Correct Answer: Fluorouracil Answer: Fluorouracil increases the risk of mucositis either alone or in combination with other chemotherapy agents. Reference: Yarbro, C.H., Wujcik, D., & Gobel, B.H. (Eds.). (2018). Cancer nursing: Principles and practice (8th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett, p. 924. Which of the following is a risk factor for treatment-related pneumonitis? Mantle field radiation Concomitant use of steroids Less than 60 years of age Oxygen therapy at low concentrations Correct Answer: Mantle field radiation Answer: The risk of pneumonitis is increased when having a large volume of lung included in the treatment field. Reference: Yarbro, C.H., Wujcik, D., & Gobel, B.H. (Eds.). (2018). Cancer nursing: Principles and practice (8th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett, p. 370.
Asparaginase has demonstrated a clinical response for patients with which of the following diagnoses? Acute lymphocytic leukemia Non-small lung cancer Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma Hairy-cell leukemia Correct Answer: Acute lymphocytic leukemia Answer: Asparaginase is used IV, SC, or IM for patients diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 40. The nurse counsels a 32-year-old patient with breast cancer and her partner about contraception prior to initiating chemotherapy. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates an adequate understanding of the recommendations? "I must agree to use birth control pills or a reliable barrier method as recommended by my physician."
Answer: Patients receiving oxaliplatin should be instructed to avoid ice and cold foods and fluids during the infusion. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 30. The nurse teaches a patient receiving intraperitoneal cisplatin to expect: frequent position changes while the medication is administered. to travel to the operating room to receive the medication under fluoroscopy. the medication to be cold and to experience significant pain. to take nothing by mouth for 12 hours prior to treatment. Correct Answer: frequent position changes while the medication is administered. Answer: Nursing care management of the patient receiving intraperitoneal drug administration includes encouraging repositioning from side to side every 15 minutes during the dwell time. Reference: Yarbro, C.H., Wujcik, D., & Gobel, B.H. (Eds.). (2018). Cancer nursing: Principles and practice (8th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett, p. 445. Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors work inside the cell to:
block binding on the intracellular portion of the receptor. produce antibodies that recognize and destroy cancer cells. activate T cells to mount an attack of the immune system on cancer cells. promote the proliferation of non-malignant cells to repair the body. Correct Answer: block binding on the intracellular portion of the receptor. Answer: Protein kinase inhibitors are small molecules that work by blocking the binding site on the intracellular portion of a receptor. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 93. A chimeric monoclonal antibody is a combination of mouse and: human antibodies. horse antibodies. cow antibodies. plant antibodies. Correct Answer: human antibodies.
A patient with a tumor on the floor of the mouth is receiving a course of radiation therapy. The nurse should advise the patient to: avoid consuming alcohol. avoid using topical anesthetics. consume one liter of fluid daily. apply spices to food. Correct Answer: avoid consuming alcohol. Answer: Alcohol irritates the mucosa and may delay healing. Reference: Polovich, M., Olsen, M., & LeFebvre, K. (Eds.). (2014). Chemotherapy and biotherapy guidelines and recommendations for practice (4th ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, pp. 214-215. Intravenous fluids containing sodium bicarbonate are administered to patients receiving high-dose methotrexate to: maintain alkaline urine. protect against hyperuricemia. eliminate the need for a leucovorin rescue. reduce the risk for a hypersensitivity reaction. Correct Answer: maintain alkaline urine.
Answer: Pretreatment guidelines for methotrexate include hydration to prevent renal injury. Reference: Vallerand, A.H., Sanoski, C.A. & Deglin, J.H. (2017). Davis's drug guide for nurses (15th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company, pp. 826 - 827. Which type of medication interferes with cell membrane-bound targets by blocking ligand-receptor activation and immune modulation? Monoclonal antibody Alkylating agent Vascular endothelial growth factor Antitumor antibiotic Correct Answer: Monoclonal antibody Answer: Monoclonal antibodies bind to the tumor cell and prevent ligand-receptor binding by blocking other molecules from attaching to the cell; thus preventing rapid growth of cancer cells. Reference: Eggert, J. (Ed.). (2017). Cancer basics (2nd ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 233.
