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OB/GYN ARDMS Exam Questions and
Verified Answers ( 2025 Update)
Q: Which of the following is least likely to be true regarding cystic teratomas?
a. 80% unilateral b. common in women over 40 c. they are aka dermoid cysts d. common in younger women Answer: b. common in women over 40
Q: A low lying placenta is defined as from interal os
Answer: placental edge <2cm from internal os
Q: Which of the following is true regarding cystic hygroma?
a. it is a lymphatic malformation b. can be associated with hydrops c. commonly seen in the neck d. all the above Answer: d. all the above.
Q: In the 1st and 2nd trimester the fetal lung is what echogenicity compared to the liver?
Answer: isoechoic to the liver
Q: Which is not a shunt present in the fetus?
a. foramen ovale b. ductus venosus c. ductus arteriosus d. ligamentum venosum Answer: d. ligamentum venosum
Q: What abnormality is defined as an enlarged tongue?
Answer: Macroglossia
Q: Focal intrauterine fluid present in an up to 20% of ectopic pregnancies is
a. double decidual reaction b. pseudogestational sac c. yolk sac d. embryonic sac Answer: b. pseudogenstational sac
Q: The placenta is responsible for all the following except
a. gas exchange b. nutrient exchange c. hormone production d. hematopoiesis Answer: d. hematopoiesis - is the production of all the cellular components of blood and blood plasma. it occurs within the hematopoietic system, which includes organs and tissues such as the bone marrow, liver and spleen.
Q: Pentalogy of Canatrell
Answer: PENTA! a condition characterized by a combination of midline birth defects that can potentially involve the
- breastbone (sternum)
- The diaphragm, the muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen and aides in breathing.
- Pericardium, the thin membrane that lines the heart,
- the abdominal wall;
- and the heart.
Q: ectopia cordis
Answer: this condition can include deformities of the chest (thorax), abdomen, or both. Often Ectopia cordis is also accompanied by defects of the heart itself. The deformity can be seen on ultrasound by about the 10th or 11th week of pregnancy.
Q: A fetus that is >90th percentile for gestational age is
a. full term b. large for gestational age c. macrosomic d. microsomic Answer: b. large for gestational age.
Q: The most common congenital facial anomaly is
a. cleft lip/palate b. hypotelorism c. proboscis d. encephalocele
Answer: a. cleft lip/palate
Q: fetal hydrocele
Answer: The following image shows
Q: Corpus callosum
Answer:
Q: What is a marker for Trisomy 21?
Answer: nasal bone
Q: What is the most common cause of the findings in the following image?
Answer: imperforate hymen
Q: sonohysterogram, hysterosonogram, saline infusion sonogram
Answer:
Q: Measurement from the outer edge of the occipital bone to the outer edge of the cervical skin
is called a. nuchal translucency b. nuchal cord c. nuchal fold d. biparietal diameter Answer: C. nuchal fold
Q: Causes of symmetric IntraUterine Growth Restriction
a. chromosomal abnormalities b. congenital malformations c. maternal drug use d. congenital infections e. all of the above. Answer: e. all the above
Q: Asymmetric IUGR
Answer: Placental insufficiency Preeclampsia Vascular Disease Chronic Pulmonary disease
Q: Which ectopic site is considered the most dangerous?
a. ovarian b. ampullary c. cornual d. cervical
Answer: c. cornual
Q: In a case of fetal demise, you notice the cranial bones overlapping, this is known as
a. seagull sign b. craniosynostosis c. spalding sign d. none of the above Answer: c. spalding sign
Q: Oligohydramnios is most likely associated with
a. posterior urethral valves b. Potter's Syndrome c. Meckel-Gruber Syndrome d. PROM e. all the above Answer: e. all the above
Q: What is Meckel-Gruber syndrome?
Answer: Lethal autosomal recessive disorder Must see 2 of 3 features of the classic triad:
- Cystic dysplasia kidneys (nearly 100%)
- Occipital cephalocele (60-85%)
- Polydactyly (55%)
Q: Anencephaly
Q: This fetal lung is most consistent with
a. pleural effusion b. sequestration c. CCAM d. Normal lung Answer: c. Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation
Q: Fetal breathing must last for how long to score a 2 on a biophysical profile
a. 10 sec b. 20 sec c. 30 sec d. none of the above Answer: c. 30 sec
Q: What percentage of esophageal atresia has a tracheoesophageal fistula
Answer: d. 90%
Q: An accessory placenta is also known as
a. previa b. circumvallate c. succenturiate d. low lying Answer: c. succenturiate
Q: Which of the following is associated with holoprosencephaly?
a. monoventricle b. fused thalami c. proboscis d. cyclopia e. all of the above Answer: e. all of the above
Q: The most common neural tube defect is
a. spina bifida b. holoprosencephaly c. anencephaly d. A and C e. none of the above Answer: d. A and C
Q: Encephaloceles are most commonly located where?
a. frontal region b. parietal region c. occipital region d. none of the above Answer: c. occipital region
Q: What is the red arrow pointing to
a. intraventricular hemorrhage b. choroid plexus c. fornix d. thalamus Answer:
Answer: a. trisomy 13
Q: This placenta is
a. posterior b. anterior c. fundal d. previa Answer: a posterior
Q: The lemon and banana signs are associated with
a. Down's syndrome b. microcephaly c. spina bifida d. macrocephaly Answer: c. spina bifida
Q: What is shown in this image
a. normal transabdominal uterus b. adenomyosis c. adenomyomatosis d. subserosal fibroid Answer: b. adenomyosis
Q: What phase is the endometrium in
a. early proliferative b. late proliferative
c. secretory d. none of the above Answer: c. secretory
Q: Which is not a part of the fallopian tube
a. interstitial b. isthmus c. ampulla of vater d. fimbriae Answer: c. ampulla of vater
Q: The floor of the pelvis is made up of
a. piriformis muscles b. gluteus minimus c. myometrium d. levator ani muscles Answer: d. levator ani muscles
Q: Which of the following amniotic fluid indices in considered polyhydramnios?
a. 5 cm b. 7 cm c. 13 cm d. 26 cm Answer: d. 26 cm
Q: The phase of the menstrual cycle following ovulation is
a. early proliferative b. late proliferative c. menstrual d. secretory Answer: d. secretory
Q: The most common cause of post menopausal bleeding
a. endometrial cancer b. endometritis c. endometrioma d. endometrial hyperplasia Answer: d. endometrial hyperplasia
Q: Which of the following should not be seen in a postmenopausal patient?
a. endometrial carcinoma b.endometrial hyperplasia c. corpus luteum cyst d. fibroids Answer: c. corpus luteum cyst
Q: A patient with a history of GI cancer presents with bilateral large adnexal masses, what kind
of tumor will it most likely be? a. serous cystadenoma b. mucinous cystadenoma c. Krukenberg tumor d. cystic teratoma
Answer: c. Krukenberg tumor
Q: The most common site for an adnexal mass
a. fallopian tubes b. broad ligament c. paraovarian d. ovary Answer: d. ovary
Q: You scan a 20 yo sexually active woman, she has fever and a tubular fluid filled structure in
the adnexa with hyperemia and low level internal echoes what pathology do you suspect a. hydrosalpinx b. paraovarian cyst c. corpus luteum d. pyosalpinx Answer: d. pyosalpinx
Q: A chocolate cyst is a
a. dermoid b. endometrioma c. hemorrhagic cyst d. pyosalpinx Answer: b. endometrioma
Q: What is another name for Polycystic ovarian syndrome
c. morula
Q: A heterotopic pregnancy is
a. an ovarian ectopic b. subsequent ectopic and IUP c. fallopian ectopic d. abdominal ectopic Answer: b. subsequent ectopic and IUP Heterotopic pregnancy is defined as the presence of multiple gestations, with one being present in the uterine cavity and the other outside the uterus, commonly in the fallopian tube and uncommonly in the cervix or ovary.
Q: What are the three shunts of the fetal circulatory system?
Answer: This system has three shunts
- Foramen Ovale: Connects the right atrium to the left atrium, bypassing the lungs
- Ductus arteriosus: Connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the lungs
- Ductus Venosus: Connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver.
Q: The foramen ovale connects what two structures bypassing the lungs?
Answer: connects the right atrium to the left atrium
Q: The ductus arteriosus connects what two structures also bypassing the lungs?
Answer: connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta
Q: The ductus venosus connects what two structures and what does it bypass?
Answer: connects the umbilical vein to the IVC (Inferior Vena Cava) bypassing the Liver
Q: The two structures in the fetus that allow most of the blood to bypass the lungs are the
and the. Answer: foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus
Q: ductus venosus becomes
Answer: ligamentum venosum of liver
Q: Neural tube defects are times more likely to occur in diabetic mothers
a. 7 b. 8 c. 9 d. 10 Answer: d. 10
Q: A monozygotic, monochorionic and monoamniotic pregnancy is also referred to as
a. Fraternal Twins b. Ectopic Pregnancy c. Identical Twins d. Singleton pregnancy
