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NYSTCE Multi-Subject CST | Part 3, Arts & Sciences Exam Study Guide With Complete Solution, Exams of Physics

City University of New York (CUNY) - City CollegePhysics

NYSTCE Multi-Subject CST | Part 3, Arts & Sciences Exam Study Guide With Complete Solution 2024

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 12/02/2024

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NYSTCE Multi-Subject CST | Part 3, Arts &
Sciences Exam Study Guide With Complete
Solution 2024
Altimeter - Correct Answer-An instrument that uses air pressure to record height, such as the
height of an airplane.
Anemometer - Correct Answer-An instrument to measure wind speed.
Angiosperm - Correct Answer-A group of plants that produce seeds enclosed within an ovary,
which may mature into a fruit.
Annuals - Correct Answer-Plants that die after one growing season.
Asexual Reproduction - Correct Answer-Reproduction involving ONE parent only.
Atmosphere - Correct Answer-The Earth's atmosphere is primarily nitrogen and oxygen.
- atmosphere extends to the surface of about 10km.
- stratosphere extends from 10km to 50km
- mesosphere extends from 50km to 80km
- thermosphere extends beyond 80km
Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) - Correct Answer-Light emission from the upper atmosphere
that appear in many shapes and colors.
Bacillus - Correct Answer-a rod-shaped bacteria.
Blood - Correct Answer-Fluid that circulates throughout the body of an animal, distributing
nutrients (usually oxygen).
Canopy - Correct Answer-A layer of tree branches and other vegetation elevated above the
ground.
Carbon Dioxide (C02) - Correct Answer-A colorless, odorless gas that is important in the
Earth's atmospheric greenhouse effect.
Carcinogen - Correct Answer-A substance that can lead to cancer.
Carcinoma - Correct Answer-A malignant (infectious) tumor, which forms in the skin and
outside of internal organs.
Carnivore - Correct Answer-An organism that eats meat, which includes animals, fungi, and
plants.
Ceilometer - Correct Answer-An instrument that measures cloud height.
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Download NYSTCE Multi-Subject CST | Part 3, Arts & Sciences Exam Study Guide With Complete Solution and more Exams Physics in PDF only on Docsity!

NYSTCE Multi-Subject CST | Part 3, Arts &

Sciences Exam Study Guide With Complete

Solution 2024

Altimeter - Correct Answer-An instrument that uses air pressure to record height, such as the height of an airplane. Anemometer - Correct Answer-An instrument to measure wind speed. Angiosperm - Correct Answer-A group of plants that produce seeds enclosed within an ovary, which may mature into a fruit. Annuals - Correct Answer-Plants that die after one growing season. Asexual Reproduction - Correct Answer-Reproduction involving ONE parent only. Atmosphere - Correct Answer-The Earth's atmosphere is primarily nitrogen and oxygen.

  • atmosphere extends to the surface of about 10km.
  • stratosphere extends from 10km to 50km
  • mesosphere extends from 50km to 80km
  • thermosphere extends beyond 80km Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) - Correct Answer-Light emission from the upper atmosphere that appear in many shapes and colors. Bacillus - Correct Answer-a rod-shaped bacteria. Blood - Correct Answer-Fluid that circulates throughout the body of an animal, distributing nutrients (usually oxygen). Canopy - Correct Answer-A layer of tree branches and other vegetation elevated above the ground. Carbon Dioxide (C02) - Correct Answer-A colorless, odorless gas that is important in the Earth's atmospheric greenhouse effect. Carcinogen - Correct Answer-A substance that can lead to cancer. Carcinoma - Correct Answer-A malignant (infectious) tumor, which forms in the skin and outside of internal organs. Carnivore - Correct Answer-An organism that eats meat, which includes animals, fungi, and plants. Ceilometer - Correct Answer-An instrument that measures cloud height.

Cell - Correct Answer-A fundamental unit of all light. The cell consists of an outer plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, and genetic material (DNA). Celsius - Correct Answer-A temperature scale which freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees. Chemical Properties - Correct Answer-Properties that do change the chemical nature of matter.

  • change results in an entirely different kind of matter.
  • burning, tarnishing, rusting, decomposing Chemotherapy - Correct Answer-A cancer treatment that includes chemicals toxic to malignant (infected) cells. Chinook Wind - Correct Answer-A warm, dry wind on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains. Chlorophyll - Correct Answer-The green substance that absorbs light during photosynthesis. Chromosome - Correct Answer-A single DNA molecule, a tightly coiled strand of DNA, condensed into a compact structure. Clone - Correct Answer-An identical copy of an organism. Cloud - Correct Answer-A visible group of water or ice particles in the atmosphere. Commensalism - Correct Answer-A relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits from the other without affecting it. Continental Divide - Correct Answer-In the United States, the part of the western mountains that separates water flowing toward opposite side of the country. Convection - Correct Answer-The movement up in the atmosphere of heated moisture. Thunderstorms are often caused by convection. Core - Correct Answer-The portion of the Earth from beneath the mantle of the Earth's center. Cross-Pollination - Correct Answer-Fertilization of one plant by pollen from a different plant. Diabetes - Correct Answer-A disease related to lowered levels of insulin. Diploid Cell - Correct Answer-A cell with TWO copies of each chromosome. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) - Correct Answer-This primary component of chromosomes carries an organisms genetic code. Double Helix - Correct Answer-A term used to describe the coiling strands of DNA molecules that resembles a spiral staircase. Ecology - Correct Answer-The study of interactions of organisms with their environment and with each other.

Isotope - Correct Answer-Atoms of the same chemical element with a DIFFERENT number of neutrons, but the SAME number of protons. Same atomic number, but may have a different mass. Jet Stream - Correct Answer-Strong upper wind currents in a narrow stream that flows west to east in the U.S. Weather patterns are related to the position of the jet stream, which changes often. Kelvin - Correct Answer-A temperature scale in which:

  • 1 degree Kelvin equals 1 degree celsius
  • 0 degrees Kelvin is about - 273 degrees celsius.
  • 0 degrees Kelvin is called absolute zero because there is no movement of molecules. Knot - Correct Answer-1 nauticle mile = about 1.15 MPH Larva - Correct Answer-In the metamorphosis of insects, the larva becomes a pupa before it becomes an adult. Lenticular Cloud - Correct Answer-An almond shaped cloud usually seen on windy days. Lipids - Correct Answer-Compounds that are fats and oils. Magma - Correct Answer-Molten rock formed in the Earth that may appear on the surface. Mantle - Correct Answer-The part of the Earth located between the crust and the core. Marsupial - Correct Answer-A mammal whose young crawl into its mothers punch to complete development. Meiosis - Correct Answer-The process in which a diploid cell divides to form haploid cells. Metamorphosis - Correct Answer-In most amphibians, a process in which larva goes through significant changes, including a pupa stage, before becoming an adult. Mitosis - Correct Answer-Cell division consisting of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase that usually creates in two nuclei, each with a full set of chromosomes. Moraine - Correct Answer-Material deposited by a glacier and often marking a glaciers furthest advance. Nebula - Correct Answer-An interstellar cloud of dust and gas. Niche - Correct Answer-An organism's unique place in the environment. Nimbostratus - Correct Answer-A dark cloud, but not a thundercloud, that frequently produces rain. Nucleus - Correct Answer-An organelle in a cell that contains chromosomes.

Neuron - Correct Answer-Cells that react to stimuli and transmits impulses consisting of a body with a nucleus and dendrites (extends) to receive and axons (projects) to transmit impulses. Nerve - Correct Answer-A bundle of neurons or nerve cells. Parasitism - Correct Answer-A relationship between organisms in which one organism benefits and the other does not die, even though the second organism may be harmed. Perennials - Correct Answer-Plants that live through more than one growing season. Phases of the Moon - Correct Answer-1) New Moon

  1. Waxing Cresent
  2. First Quarter
  3. Waxing Gibbous
  4. Full Moon
  5. Waning Gibbous
  6. Third Quarter
  7. Waning Cresent Physical Properties - Correct Answer-Properties that do not change the chemical nature of matter.
  • color, size, texture, length, volume, density Sonic Boom - Correct Answer-A loud noise caused by a shock wave when an object exceeds the speed of sound. Summer Solstice - Correct Answer-When the sun is the highest in the sky and directly above the Tropic of Cancer.
  • Typically falls on June 22nd. Vernal Equinox - Correct Answer-When the sun is directly overt the equinox. Virga - Correct Answer-Precipitation that evaporates before reaching the Earth's surface. Weathering - Correct Answer-Physical, chemical, and biological process where rock is broken down into smaller pieces. Wind Chill - Correct Answer-Combined cooling effect of wind and temperature. High wind chill indicates that a body will cool more quickly to air temperature. Allegory - Correct Answer-Art that represents or symbolizes some idea or quality. Arabesque - Correct Answer-Very intricate designs based on plant forms. Atrium - Correct Answer-An open rectangular shaped court, often in front of churches. Avant-Garde - Correct Answer-Art considered ahead of its time. Baluster - Correct Answer-A small, curved post or pillar.

Capitalism - Correct Answer-An economic system in which the means of production, distribution, and exchange are privately controlled, so that individual profit is obtained through labor and capital investment. Checks and Balances - Correct Answer-Extension of the separation of powers doctrine, under which each branch of a government can (if necessary) counter the actions or decisions of the other branches. Civil Rights - Correct Answer-The nonpolitical rights of citizens, such as liberty and equality. Civilization - Correct Answer-A complex society that possesses a degree of historical and cultural unity. Common Good - Correct Answer-Benefits, or beneficial conditions, for all members of a group. Communism - Correct Answer-Classless political system in which citizens gain control over the means of production, and goods are available to all as needed so that wealth becomes relatively evenly distributed. Culture - Correct Answer-Knowledge, beliefs, practices, and values shared by a society at a particular time. Democracy - Correct Answer-Political system based on self-rule, in which government consists of representatives freely elected by citizens. Federalism - Correct Answer-Political system in which authority is both central and localized.

  • example: the U.S system in which both federal and state governments have partially independent authority. Feudalism - Correct Answer-Social organization during the Middle Ages based on reciprocal obligations among lords, vassals, and fiefs. Industrial Revolution - Correct Answer-A period during the 18th and 19th centuries in which predominantly agrarian, rural societies in Europe and America became industrial and urban. Information Revolution - Correct Answer-Development in technology (such as computers, digital communication, microchips) in the second half of the 20th century that has led to dramatic reduction in the cost of obtaining, processing, storing, and transmitting information in all forms (texts, graphs, audio, video). Jim Crow Laws - Correct Answer-State and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. Mercantilism - Correct Answer-Dominant approach to economy in Europe during the 16th-18th centuries which assumed that the government would tightly control national economy by increasing exports, restricting imports, and acquiring capital. Monarchy - Correct Answer-Political system that reflects the absolute sovereignty of a single individual. Monarchial systems both overlap with and can be distinguished from aristocrats, dictatorships, oligarchies, and plutocracies.

Nation - Correct Answer-Group of people distinguished by common identity and government. Nation-State - Correct Answer-State that provides a sovereign territory for a single nation. Nationalism - Correct Answer-The belief that the activities and obligations of citizens should be defined in terms of a single national identity. Natural Rights - Correct Answer-Rights that are universal, an automatic for all humans that precede all other rights. Opportunity Cost - Correct Answer-A benefit, profit, or value of something that must be given up to acquire or achieve something else. Power - Correct Answer-Ability to influence the behaviors of others. Productivity - Correct Answer-A measure of the efficiency of a person, machine, factory, system, etc., in converting inputs into useful outputs. Prejudice - Correct Answer-Negative attitudes towards members of a group, resulting from mirror membership in the group.

  • racism, sexism, ageism Scarcity - Correct Answer-Ever-present situation in all markets whereby either less goods are available than the demand for them, or only too little money is available to their potential buyers for making the purchase. Scientific Revolution - Correct Answer-Historical changes in thought and belief, to changes in social and institutional organization, that unfolded in Europe roughly between 1550-1700.
  • Nicholas Copernicus: asserted helio-centric (sun centered) cosmos
  • Isaac Newton: proposed universal laws Socialism - Correct Answer-Political system that reflects collective ownership of the means of production and the distribution of goods, resulting in a relatively even distribution of wealth. Society - Correct Answer-Group of people who reside in a particular territory. A society may have its own culture and may/may not be a part of a civilization. Supply and Demand - Correct Answer-The amount of a product which is available and the amount which is wanted by customers Unitary State - Correct Answer-Political system, also known as a non-federal system, in which authority is centralized. Authority may be transferred to lower levels, but these levels do not maintain independent authority. Economics - Correct Answer-The study of how people produce, distribute, and use resources to satisfy their wants and needs. Barter - Correct Answer-Direct exchange of goods and services without the use of money.