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nursing back pain and fractures, Cheat Sheet of Nursing

nursing back pain and fractures notes

Typology: Cheat Sheet

2024/2025

Uploaded on 05/09/2025

brianna-cuddy
brianna-cuddy 🇺🇸

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📚
ATI Review Module Reference (Chapter 71: Osteoporosis):
Most Common Fracture Locations in Osteoporosis:
Location
Why It Matters / Complications
Spine (vertebrae)
Compression fractures → kyphosis, reduced height, chronic back
pain, ↓ lung capacity
Hip (femoral neck)
High morbidity, fall risk → risk for immobility, DVT/PE, surgical
complications
Wrist (Colles’
fracture)
Often the first sign of osteoporosis; risk of functional
impairment and loss of independence
Ribs
Can occur with minor trauma; difficult to treat; risk for pulmonary
issues from impaired breathing
Pelvis
Related to fragility; increased risk of immobility, pressure injuries,
pneumonia
📚
Based on ATI Chapter 73: Osteoarthritis and Low Back Pain:
Common Causes of Low Back Pain (can appear in exam questions like “Which of the
following could contribute to a client’s LBP?”)
Cause / Condition
Description / Mechanism
Muscle strain or spasm
Sudden overuse, improper lifting, or overextension of the
lumbar muscles
Ligament sprain
Overstretching or tearing of spinal ligaments from
bending/lifting
Herniated or degenerated
intervertebral disc
Disc protrusion compresses spinal nerves → radicular
pain, sciatica
Spinal stenosis
Narrowing of spinal canal → pressure on spinal nerves
→ pain, tingling, numbness
Vertebral compression fracture
Often related to osteoporosis in older adults
Scoliosis or spinal deformities
Can alter spinal alignment and cause chronic strain
History of injury or fall
Common in acute LBP cases
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📚 ATI Review Module Reference (Chapter 71: Osteoporosis): ✅ Most Common Fracture Locations in Osteoporosis:

Location Why It Matters / Complications

Spine (vertebrae) ➤ Compression fractures → kyphosis, reduced height, chronic back pain, ↓ lung capacity

Hip (femoral neck) ➤ High morbidity, fall risk → risk for immobility, DVT/PE, surgical complications

Wrist (Colles’ fracture)

Often the first sign of osteoporosis; risk of functional impairment and loss of independence

Ribs ➤ Can occur with minor trauma; difficult to treat; risk for pulmonary issues from impaired breathing

Pelvis ➤ Related to fragility; increased risk of immobility, pressure injuries, pneumonia

📚 Based on ATI Chapter 73: Osteoarthritis and Low Back Pain: ✅ Common Causes of Low Back Pain (can appear in exam questions like “Which of the following could contribute to a client’s LBP?”)

Cause / Condition Description / Mechanism

Muscle strain or spasm Sudden overuse, improper lifting, or overextension of the lumbar muscles

Ligament sprain Overstretching or tearing of spinal ligaments from bending/lifting

Herniated or degenerated intervertebral disc

Disc protrusion compresses spinal nerves → radicular pain, sciatica

Spinal stenosis Narrowing of spinal canal → pressure on spinal nerves → pain, tingling, numbness

Vertebral compression fracture Often related to osteoporosis in older adults

Scoliosis or spinal deformities Can alter spinal alignment and cause chronic strain

History of injury or fall Common in acute LBP cases

Poor posture / improper ergonomics

Chronic stress on spine, especially with desk jobs or long standing

Obesity Increased mechanical stress on lumbar spine

Smoking Reduces blood flow to discs → accelerates disc degeneration

Sedentary lifestyle / lack of exercise

Weakens core muscles that support the spine