Download NURS COMMUNITY PUBLIC HEALTH EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025 GRADED A+.pdf and more Exams Public Health in PDF only on Docsity!
NURS COMMUNITY PUBLIC HEALTH EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025 GRADED A+
MULTIPLE .CHOICE
- Which .best .describes .the .primary .reason .that .Americans .are .concerned .about .health .care? a. Politicians .are .discussing .how .to .improve .health .care. b. The .media .has .provided .mixed .messages .about .the .health .care .system. c. Our .national .health .care .costs .keep .increasing. d. The .new .health .care .system .offers .free .services .to .Americans. ANS:. C The .primary .reason .for .the .focus .on .health .care .is .the .constantly .increasing .costs, .which .cannot .be .sustained. .The .costs .of .caring .for .the .sick .accounted .for .the .majority .of .escalating .health .care .dollars, .which .increased .from .5.7% .of .the .gross .domestic .product .in . 1965 .to .17.8% .in .2015. .Politicians .and .the .media .both .influence .Americans’ .perceptions .about .health .care; .however, .they .are .not .the .primary .reason .why .Americans .are .concerned. .The .new .health .care .system .will .change .the .health .care .access .and .availability, .but .will .not .necessarily .be .offering .any .free .services .to .Americans.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Understand .(Comprehension)
- A .nurse .has .begun .to .lobby .with .politicians .for .changes .to .the .health .care .system. .Why .is .this .involvement .important? a. Nurses, .as .central .characters .in .several .popular .TV .series, .are .currently .very .visible .in .American .media. b. Nurses .are .primarily .responsible .for .managing .the .various .units .in .our .health .care .system. c. Nurses .are .the .largest .segment .of .health .care .providers. d. Nurses .are .the .only .group .that .is .employed .both .inside .and .outside .of .hospitals. ANS:. C As .the .largest .segment .of .health .care .providers, .nurses .are .informed .about .the .current .health .care .system .and .all .the .problems .that .result .from .people .not .seeking .care .until .they .are .desperately .ill. .Nurses, .as .the .American .Nurses .Association .(ANA) .emphasize, .usually .believe .that .health .care .is .a .right, .not .a .privilege. .Therefore, .nurses, .whose .work .is .central .to .our .current .health .care .delivery .system, .can .also .be .instrumental .in .working .politically .to .create .a .health .care .delivery .system .that .will .meet .health .needs. .While .nurses .are .in .several .current .TV .series .and .are .employed .both .inside .and .outside .of .hospitals, .physicians .and .other .health .care .providers .are .as .well. .Nurses .are .often .managers, .but .managers .often .have .other .backgrounds, .such .as .business .administration.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Understand .(Comprehension)
- What .conclusion .can .be .drawn .from .examining .where .nurses .are .employed? a. There .is .a .trend .toward .consolidation .of .health .care .into .large .central .medical .centers. b. There .is .an .increased .emphasis .on .community-based .health .care. c. There .is .an .obvious .need .to .decrease .health .care .costs .by .cutting .positions. d. Managed .care .organizations .(MCOs) .are .employing .nurses .to .improve .customer
relations. ANS:. B MCOs .are .employing .nurses .in .many .capacities. .Although .hospitals .are .closing .and .acute .care .is .increasingly .found .in .central .medical .centers, .the .same .trend .may .be .seen .in .an .increase .in .neighborhood-based .practice .centers. .While .positions .are .cut .in .most .industries, .health .care .is .recognized .as .an .area .where .growth .in .employment .is .expected. .However, .nurses .are .increasingly .employed .in .community .settings .as .opposed .to .hospitals. .This .change .reflects .the .move .toward .community-based .care .rather .than .hospital-based .tertiary .care. .To .help .decrease .the .continued .rise .in .health .care .costs, .the .increased .emphasis .is .on .disease .prevention .rather .than .high-cost .treatment.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Understand .(Comprehension)
- Which .ethical .belief .would .be .most .helpful .in .the .current .health .care .crisis? a. Emphasis .should .be .on .individual .and .corporation .freedom .in .the .marketplace. b. Emphasis .should .be .on .individual .autonomy .and .freedom .of .choice. c. Emphasis .should .be .on .social .justice .and .collective .responsibility. d. Emphasis .should .be .on .the .effectiveness .of .technology .in .resolving .problems. ANS:. C Public .health .recognizes .the .necessity .of .collective .action .in .keeping .the .environment .safe .and .in .egalitarian .tradition .and .vision. .An .overinvestment .in .technology .and .seeking .of .cures .within .the .market .justice .system .has .stifled .the .evolution .of .a .health .system .to .protect .and .preserve .the .health .of .the .population. .Although .individual .autonomy .and .freedom .of .choice .are .important, .so .is .the .recognition .of .collective .responsibility .in .ensuring .social .justice,. which .entitles .all .people .to .basic .necessities.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Apply .(Application)
- What .is .the .primary .problem .seen .in. Healthy .People .2020’s. emphasis .on .choosing .healthy .lifestyle .behaviors, .such .as .daily .exercise .or .healthy .food .choices? a. Emphasis .on .other .lifestyle .choices, .such .as .not .smoking .and .minimal .use .of .alcohol .or .drugs, .is .also .needed. b. All .of .us .must .work .together .to .make .unhealthy .behaviors .socially .unacceptable. c. It .costs .more .to .make .healthy .choices, .such .as .buying .and .eating .fresh .fruits .and .vegetables .as .opposed .to .quick .and .cheap .fast-food .choices. d. Public .policy .emphasizes .personal .responsibility .but .ignores .social .and .environmental .changes .needed .for .well-being. ANS:. D Although .all .responses .are .accurate, .the .primary .problem .is .the .emphasis .on .personal .choices .in .the. Healthy .People. 2020. objectives. .Emphasis .on .personal .choices .ignores .the .need .for .community .responsibility .and .action .that .addresses .environmental .or .cultural .restraints .to .health.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Apply .(Application)
- What .responsibility .does .the .American .Nurses .Association .(ANA) .Code .of .Ethics .require
to .clients. b. Recognize .the .need .for .experienced .nurses .to .mentor .new .graduates .to .help .increase .and .expand .the .number .of .professionals .available. c. Support .health .legislation .to .improve .accessibility .and .cost .of .health .care. d. Volunteer .to .work .overtime .as .needed .to .ensure .maximum .quality .of .care. ANS:. C The .ANA .Code .of .Ethics .promotes .social .reform .by .focusing .on .health .policy .and .legislation .to .positively .affect .accessibility, .quality, .and .cost .of .health .care. .The .code .does .not .directly .address .workplace .issues, .such .as .work .schedules .or .need .for .overtime.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Analyze .(Analysis)
- What .is .the .community .health .nursing .definition .of .health? a. Health .is .a .person’s .goal-directed .purposeful .process .toward .well-being .or .wholeness. b. Health .is .an .individual’s .physical, .mental, .and .social .well-being, .not .merely .the .absence .of .disease .or .infirmity. c. Health .is .the .mutual .adaptation .between .a .person .and .his .or .her .environment .in .meeting .daily .existence. d. Health .is .families .and .aggregates .choosing .actions .to .ensure .safety .and .well-being. ANS:. D The .text .stresses .that .health .is .not .just .the .result .of .an .individual’s .choices, .but .choices .and .actions .of .individuals, .families, .groups, .and .communities .that .lead .to .better .health.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Apply .(Application)
- How .does .community .health .nursing .define .community? a. A .group .of .persons .living .within .specific .geographic .boundaries b. A .group .of .persons .who .share .a .common .identity .and .environment c. A .group .of .persons .who .work .together .to .meet .common .goals d. A .group .of .persons .who .resolve .a .community .concern ANS:. B Community .health .nurses .work .with .both .geopolitical .groups .(within .specific .geographic .boundaries) .and .phenomenological .groups .(who .have .a .common .identity .based .on .culture, .history, .or .goals). .A .particular .phenomenological .group .may .or .may .not .have .been .a. planned .group—that .is, .a .group .that .came .together .to .resolve .a .recognized .common .problem .or .to .meet .a .common .goal. .However, .of .all .the .choices, .a .group .of .persons .who .share .a .common .identity .(phenomenological .group) .and .environment .(which .implies .a .specific .geographic .setting) .is .the .broadest .and .most .complete .definition.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Apply .(Application)
- Which .variable .has .a .major .influence .on .a .community’s .health? a. Behavior .choices .made .by .persons .in .the .community b. Number .of .health .care .providers .and .hospitals .in .the .community c. Quality .of .the .public .safety .officers .(police .officers, .firefighters, .etc.)
d. The .number .and .credentials .of .public .health .officials .in .the .community
ANS:. A
Average .increased .life .span .over .the .past. 100 .years .can .be .largely .attributed .to .higher .standards .of .living, .better .nutrition, .a .healthier .environment, .and .having .fewer .children. .Public .health .efforts .such .as .immunization .and .medical .care .have .also .contributed.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Understand .(Comprehension)
- Why .would .a .public .health .nurse .want .to .know .about .morbidity .and .mortality .statistics .on .the .local, .state, .and .national .level? a. To .be .able .to .share .current .trends .in .health .problems .with .the .community b. To .be .able .to .observe .the .community’s .statistics .over .time .and .compare .the .community .with .other .communities c. To .justify .local .budgets .and .the .need .for .increased .income .from .citizens d. To .publicize .current .health .issues .and .suggest .appropriate .actions .to .citizens ANS:. B Although .being .informed .and .being .able .to .educate .the .public .is .always .preferred .and .nurses .often .do .have .to .justify .budgets, .data .are .needed .to .compare .the .local .community .with .itself .over .time .and .with .other .communities .so .that .problems .may .be .recognized .and .action .taken .to .confront .health .issues. .The .first .step .is .always .to .recognize .problems .as .they .develop.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Apply .(Application)
- How .do .public .health .efforts .differ .from .medical .efforts .in .improving .the .health .of .our .citizens? a. Medical .care .providers .autonomously .choose .appropriate .interventions, .whereas .public .health .care .providers .must .engage .in .whatever .actions .legislation .requires. b. Medical .care .providers .are .self-employed .or .agency .employed, .whereas .public .health .care .providers .are .employed .by .and .paid .through .the .government. c. Medical .care .providers .focus .only .on .individuals, .whereas .public .health .care .providers .focus .only .on .aggregates. d. Medical .care .providers .focus .on .disease .diagnosis .and .management, .whereas .public .health .care .providers .focus .on .health .promotion .and .disease .prevention. ANS:. D Medical .care .providers .are .restricted .by .insurance .and .government .regulations. .Providers .may .also .be .employed .in .government .facilities, .such .as .Veterans .Administration .facilities. However, .medical .care .providers .primarily .focus .on .diagnosis .and .treatment .of .disease, .whereas .public .health .care .providers .try .to .promote .health .and .prevent .disease. .Although .medical .care .providers .primarily .focus .on .individuals .and .public .health .care .providers .primarily .focus .on .aggregates, .their .practice .is .not .limited .to .only .individuals .or .only .aggregates.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Apply .(Application)
- Which .primary .prevention .would .the .school .nurse .choose .to .address .the .school’s .number .of .unwed .pregnancies? a. Create .a .class .on .parenting .for .both .the .moms-to-be .and .the .dads-to-be.
b. Convince .the .school .board .to .allow .sex .education .classes .to .include .birth .control .measures.
d. Establish .a .class .where .all .the .unwed .moms-to-be .can .learn .infant .care. ANS:. B Primary .prevention .relates .to .activities .directed .at .preventing .a .problem .before .it .occurs .by .altering .susceptibility .or .reducing .exposure .for .susceptible .individuals. .Primary .prevention .consists .of .two .elements: .general .health .promotion .and .specific .protection. .Health .promotion .efforts .enhance .resiliency .and .protective .factors .and .target .essentially .well .populations. Specific .protection .efforts .reduce .or .eliminate .risk .factors. .Although .all .choices .would .be .appropriate .actions .in .a .school, .only .education .regarding .sexuality .and .birth .control .would .help .prevent .future .pregnancies.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Apply .(Application)
- What .would .be .the .proper .term .for .the .action .of .the .school .health .nurse .arranging .for .all .the .students .in .the .elementary .school .to .receive .H1N1 .immunizations? a. Health .education b. Secondary .prevention c. Specific .protection d. Tertiary .prevention ANS:. C Immunizations .are .a .specific .protection .effort .as .part .of .primary .prevention. .Primary .prevention .relates .to .activities .directed .at .preventing .a .problem .before .it .occurs .by .altering .susceptibility .or .reducing .exposure .for .susceptible .individuals. .Primary .prevention .consists .of .two .elements: .general .health .promotion .and .specific .protection. .Health .promotion .efforts .enhance .resiliency .and .protective .factors .and .target .essentially .well .populations. .Specific .protection .efforts .reduce .or .eliminate .risk .factors. .Secondary .prevention .refers .to .early .detection .and .prompt .intervention .during .the .period .of .early .disease .pathogenesis. .Tertiary .prevention .targets .populations .that .have .experienced .disease .or .injury .and .focuses .on .limitation .of .disability .and .rehabilitation. .Health .education .would .relate .to .educating .the .students .about .the .immunization .not .making .the .arrangements .for .the .immunization .to .be .given.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Understand .(Comprehension)
- Which .action .would .probably .result .in .the .largest .change .in .health .care .outcomes .for .Americans? a. Establish .large .numbers .of .scholarships .for .education .of .nurses, .physicians, .and .other .health .care .providers. b. Fund .a .one-time .extremely .large .stimulus .to .allow .all .health .care .providers .and .agencies .to .create .and .integrate .computer .network .systems .for .client .health .care .records. c. Increase .funding .for .hospitals .and .medical .centers .to .expand .their .neighborhood .clinics. d. Redirect .a .large .portion .of .federal .funding .from .acute .care .to .health .promotion .activities. ANS:. D
Of .the .choices .given, .health .promotion .activities .would .make .the .largest .difference. .Increased .expenditures .on .acute .care .will .not .notably .change .the .health .of .the .population, .whereas .funding .that .addresses .health .promotion .such .as .education .and .safe .environments .would .improve .the .health .of .the .aggregate.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Apply .(Application)
- Which .task .will .be .most .helpful .in .meeting .the .public .health .agency’s .goals? a. Complete .staff .evaluations .in .preparation .for .individual .meetings .to .plan .their .agency .and .individual .goals .for .the .next .year. b. Actively .participate .in .community .agencies’ .collaborative .action .plan .to .meet .the .community’s .health .goals .for .the .year. c. Meet .with .the .college .of .nursing .faculty .to .finalize .student .objectives .and .schedules .for .the .next .semester. d. Teach .a .free .course .in .healthful .living .for .community .residents. ANS:. B Although .all .tasks .may .be .necessary .and .important, .intra-agency .cooperation .to .meet .the .health .goals .of .the .community .as .a .whole .is .more .central .to .the .agency’s .mission .than .other .choices .that .meet .the .needs .of .individuals .or .groups .rather .than .the .community .as .a .whole.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Analyze .(Analysis)
- A .community .health .nurse .is .overwhelmed .with .all .that .needs .to .be .done .in .one .day. .Which .task .could .most .easily .be .postponed? a. Reviewing .the .most .recent .hospital .patient .data .collected .by .the .local .college .of .nursing b. Deciding .which .of .several .possible .new .clinic .options .would .be .most .effective .in .better .meeting .the .needs .of .the .local .community c. Evaluating .the .results .of .the .most .recent .community-wide .screening .program .before .planning .for .the .next .community .health .program d. Giving .testimony .to .the .state .legislature .on .a .new .health .and .safety .bill ANS:. A All .of .the .tasks .are .related .to .assessing .needs, .implementing .new .care .options, .or .evaluating .health .outcomes .measures .in .the .community .except .reviewing .hospital .patient .data. .Hospital .patient .data .may .be .helpful .but .not .directly .related .to .the .agency’s .ability .to .promote .primary .health .and .prevent .disease.
DIF:. Cognitive .Level: .Analyze .(Analysis)
- A .nurse .who .works .on .the .surgical .unit .at .the .local .hospital .was .asked .by .the .home .health .unit .to .make .a .home .visit .to .a .patient .who .had .been .discharged .the .previous .day .and .to .give .follow-up .care .(for .overload .pay). .What .kind .of .nursing .would .this .nurse .be .doing? a. Acute .care .hospital .nursing b. Community-based .nursing c. Community .health .nursing d. Public .health .nursing
The .nurse .is .caring .for .a .patient .in .the .home. .Community-based .nursing .is .nursing .somewhere .in .the .community. .Community-based .nursing .practice .refers .to .―application .of .the .nursing .process .in .caring .for .individuals, .families .and .groups .where .they .live, .work .or .go .to .school .or .as .they .move .through .the .health .care .system‖ .(McEwen .and .Pullis, .2009, .p. .6). Community-based .nursing .is .setting .specific, .and .the .emphasis .is .on .acute .and .chronic .care .and .includes .such .practice .areas .as .home .health .nursing .and .nursing .in .outpatient .or .ambulatory .settings. .As .the .nurse .is .not .focusing .on .the .health .of .the .community .but .on .an .individual, .it .is .not .community .or .public .health .nursing. .It .is .not .acute .care .hospital .nursing .because .the .nurse .is .seeing .the .patient .in .his .or .her .home.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Apply .(Application)
- Which .task .is .most .crucial .for .the .community .health .nurse .to .do .well? a. Review .the .most .recent .morbidity .and .mortality .data. b. Create .a .new .clinic .to .better .meet .local .health .needs. c. Evaluate .the .results .of .the .recent .screening .program. d. Give .testimony .regarding .proposed .state .health .legislation. ANS:. D Public .health’s .core .functions .are .assurance, .assessment, .and .policy .development. .Giving .testimony .regarding .legislation .directly .reflects .policy .development, .which .would .have .a .wider .impact .than .the .other .options, .which .are .more .local .and .narrow .in .focus.
DIF:. Cognitive .Level: .Analyze .(Analysis)
- A .new .public .health .nurse .carefully .assessed .all .the .local .mortality .and .morbidity .data .in .preparation .for .making .appropriate .planning .suggestions .at .a .meeting .next .week. .What .other .action .is .crucial .before .the .nurse .can .feel .prepared? a. Ask .other .nursing .staff .their .perceptions .of .the .community’s .needs. b. Assess .the .nurse’s .own .assets, .strengths, .and .ability .to .contribute. c. Meet .members .of .the .community .to .determine .their .culture .and .values. d. Review .discussions .and .decisions .from .previous .meetings. ANS:. C Community .health .nurses .must .work .with .the .community. .It .is .essential .to .assess .an .aggregate’s .needs .and .resources .and .identify .its .values. .The .best .way .to .do .this .is .by .meeting .with .the .members .of .the .community .to .determine .their .culture .and .values. .Assessing .one’s .own .assets, .asking .other .nursing .staff, .and .reviewing .previous .discussions .will .not .allow .the .nurse .to .assess .the .needs .of .the .community.
DIF:. Cognitive .Level: .Apply .(Application)
- Why .are .high-risk .and .vulnerable .subpopulations .identified .by .public .health .nurses .before .deciding .on .appropriate .interventions? a. It .is .easiest .to .make .improvements .among .these .groups. b. Populations .are .not .homogeneous, .and .resources .are .limited. c. Such .groups .are .most .vocal .about .their .needs .and .wants. d. These .groups .are .often .recipients .of .special .funding.
ANS:. B
MULTIPLE .RESPONSE
- What .are .the .leading .health .indicators .found .in. Healthy .People. 2020? .( Select .all .that .apply. ) a. Financial .issues b. Health .system .issues c. Individual .behaviors d. Issues .related .to .legal .and .illegal .immigration e. Legislative .issues f. Physical .and .social .environmental .factors
ANS:. B, .C, .F Ten .leading .health .indicators .are .identified .in. Healthy .People. 2020 , .including .individual .behaviors, .physical .and .social .environmental .factors, .and .health .systems .issues. .Financial .issues, .issues .related .to .legal .and .illegal .immigration, .and .legislative .issues .are .not .found .in
. Healthy .People. 2020.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Understand .(Comprehension)
- What .historically .have .been .public .health .nurses’ .two .most .important .priorities? .( Select .all .that .apply. ) a. Establishing .school .nursing .to .improve .care .of .children b. Engaging .in .political .activity .to .improve .living .conditions c. Giving .superb .clinical .bedside .care .in .the .home d. Increasing .funding .to .public .health .efforts e. Teaching .family .members .how .to .care .for .their .family f. Working .with .the .community .to .confront .health .issues .and .poverty ANS:. B, .F Neither .administering .bedside .clinical .nursing .nor .teaching .family .members .to .deliver .care .in .the .home .has .adequately .addressed .the .true .determinants .of .health .and .disease. .The .early .public .health .nurses .resolved .that .collective .political .activity .should .focus .on .improving .social .and .environmental .conditions .such .as .poverty.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Understand .(Comprehension)
- Based .on. Healthy .People. 2010 , .what .are .the .two .primary .goals .of. Healthy .People . 2020? .( Select .all .that .apply. ) a. Eliminate .health .disparities. b. Expand .health .promotion .activities .in .every .community. c. Improve .funding, .including .diverting .funds .from .other .priorities .to .health .care. d. Improve .health .outcomes .measures .to .be .more .consistent .with .other .developed .nations’ .outcomes. e. Increase .quality .and .years .of .healthy .life. f. Reduce .mortality .and .morbidity .figures .nationwide. ANS:. A, .E As .published, .the .two .goals .are .to .increase .quality .and .years .of .healthy .life .and .eliminate .health .disparities. .Expanding .health .promotion .activities .in .every .community, .improving .funding .and .improving .health .outcomes, .and .reducing .mortality .and .morbidity .are .not .the .primary .goals .of. Healthy .People. 2020.
Chapter .03: .Thinking .Upstream: .Nursing .Theories .and .Population-Focused .Nursing
.Practice
Nies: .Community/Public .Health .Nursing, .7th .Edition
MULTIPLE .CHOICE
- Which .statement .best .summarizes .Lillian .Wald’s .achievements? a. She .suggested .new .nursing .specialties. b. She .demonstrated .how .to .improve .health .in .communities. c. She .gave .expert .clinical .nursing .care .to .her .clients. d. She .was .appointed .a .national .nursing .leader. ANS:. B Lillian .Wald .improved .health .in .a .community .by .using .diplomacy .and .neighborhood .power. .She .was .elected .president .of .a .national .nursing .organization .and .created .new .nursing .specialties .such .as .school .nursing. .However, .she .is .primarily .known .for .her .creation .of .Henry .Street .House .(see .Chapter. 2 .of .text), .which .led .to .the .Visiting .Nurses .Association .and .notably .improved .health .in .many .communities.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Understand .(Comprehension)
- Which .statement .best .describes .―thinking .upstream‖? a. Modifying .economic, .political, .and .environmental .factors b. Preparing .for .nursing .career .long-term .goals .by .planning .now c. Seeking .causes .of .water .and .air .pollution .―upstream‖ .from .cities d. Trying .to .understand .how .or .why .someone .got .ill ANS:. A Upstream .thinking .actions .focus .on .modifying .economic, .political, .and .environmental .factors .that .are .the .precursors .of .poor .health .throughout .the .world.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Understand .(Comprehension)
- Which .statement .best .describes .a .weakness .of .early .nursing .theories? a. Many .nurses .did .not .know .or .understand .the .theoretical .basis .of .nursing .practice. b. Most .nursing .theories .focused .on .microscopic .individual .concerns. c. The .theories .did .not .reflect .the .actual .world .of .nursing .practice. d. The .theories .had .global .applicability .to .nursing .practice. ANS:. B Most .nursing .theories .have .an .extremely .narrow .focus .on .individual .nurse–patient .care .situations. .This .microscopic .focus .ignores .the .broader .global .social .macroscopic .perspective.
DIF: Cognitive .Level: .Understand .(Comprehension)
- Which .best .describes .the .primary .purpose .of .nursing .theory? a. To .improve .nursing .practice b. To .demonstrate .that .nursing .is .a .profession
c. To .organize .nursing .knowledge d. To .serve .as .a .basis .for .ongoing .nursing .research
