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NURS 623 : HEALTH ASSESSMENT : MODULE 7 TEST QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS, Exams of Nursing

NURS 623 : HEALTH ASSESSMENT : MODULE 7 TEST QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

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NURS 623 : HEALTH ASSESSMENT : MODULE 7 TEST
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
what should be suspected when younger patients or nonsmokers develop findings
consistent with COPD? -- Answer โœ”โœ” alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
COPD is actually made up on what two problems? -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. chronic bronchitis
2. emphysema
what should be used to confirm diagnosis of COPD? -- Answer โœ”โœ” spirometry
how many stages of COPD are there? -- Answer โœ”โœ” 4
inflammation and consolidation of lung tissue -- Answer โœ”โœ” pneumonia
what do you need to follow up for if a pleural effusion is visualized with pneumonia? --
Answer โœ”โœ” empyema
what is the most common symptoms of bronchitis? -- Answer โœ”โœ” cough
dilation of one or more bronchi -- Answer โœ”โœ” bronchiectasis
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NURS 623 : HEALTH ASSESSMENT : MODULE 7 TEST

QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

what should be suspected when younger patients or nonsmokers develop findings consistent with COPD? -- Answer โœ”โœ” alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency COPD is actually made up on what two problems? -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. chronic bronchitis

  1. emphysema what should be used to confirm diagnosis of COPD? -- Answer โœ”โœ” spirometry how many stages of COPD are there? -- Answer โœ”โœ” 4 inflammation and consolidation of lung tissue -- Answer โœ”โœ” pneumonia what do you need to follow up for if a pleural effusion is visualized with pneumonia? -- Answer โœ”โœ” empyema what is the most common symptoms of bronchitis? -- Answer โœ”โœ” cough dilation of one or more bronchi -- Answer โœ”โœ” bronchiectasis

what is the most common symptom associated with pleural effusion -- Answer โœ”โœ” dyspnea pain at the costosternal cartilage site - it can follow trauma to the chest wall -- Answer โœ”โœ” costochondritis of the axillary lymph nodes, which ones are most likely to be palpable during physical examination? -- Answer โœ”โœ” central nodes what are the final common pathway for all of the axillary lymph nodes? -- Answer โœ”โœ” apical nodes where do you insert the needle for decompression of a tension pneumothorax? -- Answer โœ”โœ” 2nd intercostal space location for chest tube insertion -- Answer โœ”โœ” intercostal space between the 4th and 5th ribs lower margin of a well-placed endotracheal tube on a chest x-ray -- Answer โœ”โœ” level of the 4th rib landmark for thoracentesis -- Answer โœ”โœ” intercostal space between the 7ths and the 8ths rib, immediately superior to the 8th rib where does the inferior tip of the scapula lie? -- Answer โœ”โœ” 7th rib or intercostal space an anatomical region in the midaxillary line formed by the lateral border of the pectoralis major muscle anteriorly, lateral border of the latissimus dorsi posteriorly, and the nipple line

what is the most common cause of an acute cough? -- Answer โœ”โœ” viral upper respiratory infections sputum that is translucent, white, or gray and seen in viral infections and cystic fibrosis -- Answer โœ”โœ” mucoid sputum sputum that is yellow green and often accompanies bacterial pneumonia -- Answer โœ”โœ” purulent sputum foul-smelling sputum is present in what? -- Answer โœ”โœ” anaerobic lung abscess thick tenacious sputum is present in what? -- Answer โœ”โœ” cystic fibrosis large volumes of purulent sputum are present in what two diseases? -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. bronchiectasis

  1. lung abscess 3 possible causes of chest pain in the myocardium -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. Angina Pectoris
  2. myocardial infarction
  3. myocarditis possible cause of chest pain in the pericardium -- Answer โœ”โœ” pericarditis possible cause of chest pain in the aorta -- Answer โœ”โœ” aortic dissection possible cause of chest pain in the trachea and large bronchi -- Answer โœ”โœ” bronchitis

6 possible causes of chest pain in the parietal pleura -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. pericarditis

  1. pneumonia
  2. pneumothorax
  3. pleural effusion
  4. pulmonary embolus
  5. connective tissue disorder 2 possible causes of chest pain in the chest wall (including the skin, musculoskeletal and neurologic systems) -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. costochondritis
  6. herpes zoster 3 possible causes of chest pain in the esophagus -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. GERD
  7. esophageal spasm
  8. esophageal tear 3 possible causes of chest pain in the extrathoracic structures such as the neck, gallbladder, and stomach -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. cervical arthritis
  9. biliary colic
  10. gastritis a clenched fist over the sternum -- Answer โœ”โœ” levine sign what does the levine sign suggest? -- Answer โœ”โœ” angina pectoris does lung tissue have pain fibers? -- Answer โœ”โœ” no dullness on percussion of the lungs is indicative of what 2 things? -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. pleural effusion
  11. atelectasis

blind, inflammatory tube-like structures opening onto the skin -- Answer โœ”โœ” sinus tracts although rare, what do sinus tracts suggest? -- Answer โœ”โœ” infection of the underlying pleura and lung Examining the range and symmetry of rib cage as it expands and contracts during inspiration -- Answer โœ”โœ” lung excursion the palpable vibrations that are transmitted through the bronchopulmonary tree to the chest wall as the patient is speaking and is normally symmetric -- Answer โœ”โœ” fremitus what should you do if a louder note is needed for percussion? -- Answer โœ”โœ” apply more pressure with the pleximeter finger 5 percussion notes -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. flat

  1. dull
  2. resonant
  3. hyperresonant
  4. tympanitic percussion note heard in healthy lungs -- Answer โœ”โœ” resonant when does dullness replace resonance during percussion -- Answer โœ”โœ” when fluid or solid tissue replaces air-containing lung or occupies the pleural space beneath your percussing fingers pathologic example when you would hear a flat percussive note over the lungs -- Answer โœ”โœ” large pleural effusion

pathologic example when you would hear a dull percussive note over the lungs -- Answer โœ”โœ” lobar pneumonia pathologic example when you would hear a resonant percussive note over the lungs -- Answer โœ”โœ” simple chronic bronchitis 2 pathologic examples when you would hear a hyperressonant percussive note over the lungs -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. COPD

  1. pneumothorax pathologic example when you would hear a tympanic percussive note over the lungs -- Answer โœ”โœ” large pneumothorax what does generalized hyperresonance suggest? -- Answer โœ”โœ” hyperinflated lungs of COPD or asthma Unilateral hyperresonance suggests ________ -- Answer โœ”โœ” large pneumothorax or an air-filled bulla distance that the diaphragm moves with inhalation -- Answer โœ”โœ” diaphragmatic excursion before beginning auscultation, what should you ask the patient to do? -- Answer โœ”โœ” cough once or twice what does a silent gap between inspiratory and expiratory sounds suggest? -- Answer โœ”โœ” bronchial breath sounds breath sounds that are soft and low pitched, inspiratory sounds last longer -- Answer โœ”โœ” vesicular

louder, clearer voice sounds heard when auscultating lungs -- Answer โœ”โœ” bronchophony ______-minute walk test is used to predict clinical outcomes in most patients with COPD -- Answer โœ”โœ” 6 Patients >60 years with a forced expiratory time of >(#) seconds are four times more likely to have COPD -- Answer โœ”โœ” 9 2 screening tests for tuberculosis -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. TST

  1. interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) blood tests what is the primary harm of treatment for tuberculosis? -- Answer โœ”โœ” hepatotoxicity evaluates how likely a person is to fall asleep during a number of different activities. The person rates each situation on a scale of 0-3 corresponding to the chance of falling asleep (none, slight, moderate, or high). -- Answer โœ”โœ” Epworth Sleepiness Scale Obstructive Sleep Apnea screening tool. 8 yes or no questions which every "yes" answer is 1 point. less than 3 is low risk for OSA -- Answer โœ”โœ” STOP-Bang What does STOP-Bang stand for? -- Answer โœ”โœ” S: Snore T: Tired O: Observed you stop breathing P: high blood Pressure B: Body mass index >35 kg/m A: Age >50 years N: Neck circumference >

G: Gender male what does sighing respiration suggest? -- Answer โœ”โœ” hyperventilation symptom periods of deep breathing alternating with periods of apnea -- Answer โœ”โœ” Cheyne- Stokes Breathing periods of apnea alternating irregularly with a series of shallow breaths of equal depth -- Answer โœ”โœ” Ataxic breathing 3 causes of Biot Breathing -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. meningitis

  1. respiratory depression
  2. brain injury (typically at medullary level) Note depression in the lower portion of the sternum. Compression of the heart and great vessels may cause murmurs. -- Answer โœ”โœ” Funnel Chest (Pectus Excavatum) There is an increased AP diameter. This shape is normal during infancy, and often accompanies aging and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. -- Answer โœ”โœ” Barrel Chest The sternum is displaced anteriorly, increasing the anteroposterior diameter. The costal cartilages adjacent to the protruding sternum are depressed. -- Answer โœ”โœ” Pigeon Chest (Pectus Carinatum) Multiple rib fractures may result in paradoxical movements of the thorax. As descent of the diaphragm decreases intrathoracic pressure, on inspiration the injured area caves inward; on expiration, it moves outward. -- Answer โœ”โœ” Traumatic Flail Chest variant of wheezes but lower in pitch -- Answer โœ”โœ” Rhonchi

palpation of the breasts is best performed with the patient in what position? -- Answer โœ”โœ” supine how long does a thorough examination take for each breast? -- Answer โœ”โœ” 3 minutes what is the currently the best validated technique for detecting breast masses? -- Answer โœ”โœ” vertical strip pattern what do tender subareolar cords suggest? -- Answer โœ”โœ” mammary duct ectasia clear, serous, green, black or nonbloody discharges that are multiductal are usually (malignant/ benign) -- Answer โœ”โœ” benign what is the preferred patient position for examining the axillae -- Answer โœ”โœ” sitting thickening and darkening of skin near axillary region, A/w Diabetes Type II and gastric carcinoma -- Answer โœ”โœ” Acanthosis nigricans Breast cancer risk model; Includes personal risk factors, FDR only; Underestimates hereditary risk, ignores paternal fhx/age of onset -- Answer โœ”โœ” Gail Model three most common breast masses -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. fibroadenoma (benign tumor)

  1. cysts
  2. breast cancer what is the biggest difference between fibroadenomas and cysts -- Answer โœ”โœ” cysts are often tender

5 visible signs of breast cancer -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. abnormal contours

  1. skin dimpling
  2. nipple retraction and deviation
  3. edema of the skin
  4. paget disease of the nipple what are the 2 steps of a breast examination? -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. inspection
  5. palpation most common image used for women over 40 in a breast examination -- Answer โœ”โœ” mammogram a mass that persists throughout a woman's hormonal cycles, is larger and firmer than any other irregularities and differs from the rest of the breast tissue -- Answer โœ”โœ” dominant breast mass 5 categories of dominant masses of the breast -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. fibroadenomas
  6. cysts
  7. fibrocystic changes
  8. fat necrosis
  9. malignancy what is the triple test recommended for evaluation of a breast mass -- Answer โœ”โœ” 1. clinical examination
  10. ultrasound/mammogram
  11. aspiration and/or biopsy