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NURS 6010 Exam #2 97 Questions
Advanced Pathophysiology Exam
Questions With Verified Answers Graded
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A researcher conducts a study with a group of refugees that have come to their community. They would like to understand the groups' cultural beliefs about healthcare. This question would best be supported by which qualitative design.
a. Phenomenology
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded theory
d. Focus groups.
b
A study of the phases that couples go through when they attempt to conceive a child through in vitro fertilization without a pregnancy would be supported by which qualitative design?
a. Phenomenology
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded theory
d. Focus groups
c
ethnography is a?
particular type of high level qualitative research that has its roots in anthropology
it is the study of culture of other people to gain a better understanding of their thinking and knowledge as it related to the culture of their environment
this could be those in or from another country or those tending the culture of a new profession, a university, a new sport
grounded theory is?
high level type of qualitative research
focuses on a problem that is very specific and continues to interview those with that type of problem until a substantive theory emerges to gain understanding of all the phases and types of process or stage of that those with this issue face
While reading a grounded theory study, you notice that one of the themes identified was not supported by participant quotes. What might this suggest?
A. Informants may have suggested that the quotes be deleted
B. The themes had high confirmability therefore quotes were not needed.
C. The theme could have resulted from researcher bias.
D. There is a lack of transferability of that theme.
c
qualitative research is?
systematic inquiry into social phenomena in natural settings
how people experience aspects of their lives, how individuals and/or groups behave, how organizations functions, and how interactions shape relationships
in qualitative research what is the main data collection instrument?
researcher they examine why events occur, what happens and what those events mean to participants studied
What do we learn from qualitative research why use this method?
insights and sensitivity about human experience
phenomena that are poorly understood
often focused on meaning or process
qualitative data can put flesh on the bones of qualitative results, bringing the results to life through depth case elaboration
A researcher is working with patients with chronic illness whose family caretakers struggle emotionally while they care for their ill family member. Why would he conduct a qualitative study?
a. To develop better teaching strategies for the family.
b. To identify current care techniques that are ineffective.
c. To determine if more self-management education is necessary.
d. To increase the sensitivity to the human experience.
d
A new researcher meets with her advisor to discuss her choice of using a qualitative study to answer her clinical question. Which of these reasons best justifies the use of the method?
- how does social isolation affect older adults during COVID?
a PICOT question helps refined your search for studies by identifying p-patient/populations, i- issue of interest, o-perception of issues
example:
- what does it mean for nursing home residents to not be allowed visitors during COVID?
the data from subjects in qualitative research is?
their words about their human experiences
a persons' perceptions are their reality
the only way to assess a person's thoughts, pain, experience, and feelings are?
asking that person, therefore subjective
When appraising a qualitative study using grounded theory, a colleague notes that that there is no power analysis to inform the sample size decision. What would be your response?
A. The lack of a power analysis is a weakness of this study
B. A small sample size risks a Type 2 error
C. Sample size is based on data analysis.
D. Many studies lack power analysis.
c
You saw in the content for this section an Albert Einstein quote that, "Not all things that matter can be counted, and not all things that can be counted matter." Which statement is true about qualitative research?
A. Qualitative research is subjective and lacks objectivity.
B. Qualitative research explores meaning and social processes.
C. Qualitative studies are more philosophical than scientific.
D. All of the above.
b
You are assessing a patient's pain by having them rate their pain from 1-10. Is that an objective measure or a subjective measure?
subjective measure because it is the patient's interpretation of the pain
You are assessing a patients pain by having them rate their pain from 1-10. is this a measure of qualitative or quantitative?
A qualitative study identified themes related to patients' feelings of anxiety and depression after heart surgery. Many patients had shared these types of feeling with you in your practice. What aspect of critique would this support?
a.Qualitative validity
b.Credibility
c.Dependability
d.Repeatability
b
You carefully read a qualitative study, but you found that the themes identified in the results lacked confirmability. What would make you think that?
a. The findings appear to be true only among the specific participants in the study.
b. The links between the findings and the data are not evident.
c. The sample consisted of only eight participants.
d. The researcher makes no mention of keeping field notes.
b
___ research need to link the findings and that data.
qualitative
theoretical perspectives in research
Are an important step in the research process
They drive the design of the study.
They will identify the philosophical assumptions of the study.
They will allow you to understand and appraise the study.
A nurse team is trying to decide which type of qualitative method to use for their study. They want to explore the meaning of culture on the unit when they are onboarding new nurses. How will identifying the theoretical perspective help them?
a. It will define the steps of the research process.
b. It will allow the findings from participant's data to be applied to similar populations.
c. It will result in an interpretive, rather than descriptive, study.
d. It will identify the philosophical assumptions that underlie the study
d
Although transferability is similar to generalizability, it is not the same.
Qualitative research is more concerned with transferability or how the research findings fit with that nurse's own practice experience.
A school nurse conducts a literature review on the barriers to asthma adherence practices of inner-city Black youth. The nurse identified a qualitative study that appears to address the nurse's clinical question. How should the nurse assess the transferability of the study?
a. By examining the relevance of the study design that the researcher chose.
b. By asking questions about the fit between the study findings and the nurses' practice experience.
c. By assessing the sufficiency and justification of the sample size used in the study.
d. By comparing the demographics of the study sample with the demographics of the nurse's community
b
steps of a qualitative study
- Identify a study question
- Review the literature
- Define the theoretical perspective
- Select an appropriate research design
- Formulate a purpose statement
- Establish study significance
- Describe the research procedures
- Discuss study limitation
A nurse would like to explore in a qualitative study the relationships between people recovering from drug addiction and their partners. Which of these steps is not needed to do beforehand in a study of this type?
a. Determine the study limitations
b. Determine the study's significance
c. Select an appropriate research design
d. Recruit the study participants
d
purpose of grounded theory
Results would contribute to our understanding of the learning culture of the clinical course over the course of a semester as the students engage in the clinical rotation, learn from rotation activities, and interact with members of the care team in their day-to-day activities
phenomenology purpose
To describe the essence of a phenomenon by exploring it from the perspective of those who experienced it so as to understand the meaning participants ascribe to that phenomenon
example question and outcome for phenomenology
question: How do students experience learning in the dedicated education unit structure?
outcome: Results would contribute to our understanding of the phenomenon of learning in this particular context. Interviews would be used to understand how students experienced their learning, including what they learned and how they learned it.
types of qualitative studies
grounded theory-process
ethnography-culture
phenomenology-lived experiences
Which of the following is not true when the researcher uses phenomenological methods?
a. The researcher is trying to test a theory with different populations.
b. The researcher should feel free to let questioning follow leads provided by the informant/participant.
c. The researcher takes careful notes to verify how decisions are made throughout the study.
d. The researcher attempts to understand the person's life world.
a
____ identifies processes and theory based on those processes.
grounded theory
___ results are done through interpretation
phenomenological
____ explains the experience in a cultural context
ethnography
what are not qualitative studies?
multiple choice surveys are not qualitative
participants responses affect how and which questions researchers ask next
The researcher is working with patients with chronic illness whose family caretakers struggle emotionally while they care for their ill family member.
a) Why might the researcher choose a qualitative method to explore this issue?
b) How will deciding a theoretical perspective contribute to this decision?
a) To understand the family member's struggle, the nurse needs to understand the meaning of caring for their ill family member and analyze their responses. Qualitative methods are used to explore poorly understood phenomenon.
b) the philosophical perspective will identify assumptions and inform the design of the study.In this case the study will likely use phenomenology to explore this concept.
A researcher conducted a study to learn about the quality of life of family caregivers of patients with chronic illness. How would you know if this study is qualitative or quantitative?
A study that uses a survey of the patient's self-assessment ratings of their quality of life and analyzes the answers quantitively is quantitative, a study that uses interview or open-ended questions in which the answers are analyzed to find themes are qualitative.
When appraising a qualitative study using grounded theory it is noted that that there is no power analysis to inform the sample size decision. What would be your response?
A power analysis is not helpful with a qualitative study which uses the data analysis to support when enough data has been gathered, for example the data has reached saturation (no more new information identified).
You are a cardiac nurse who has cared for many patients post-surgically. You read a qualitative study that identified themes related to patients feeling anxious and depressed after heart surgery and how they coped with those feelings. In your practice many patients had shared these types of feeling with you. What aspect of this critique would this support?
The transferability or the "fit" of the findings to a similar group and the nurses practice experience.
A study identified using a grounded theory approach. The researcher described using observation to learn about the culture of caring on an oncology nursing unit. To conduct the study the researcher interviewed groups of nurses to understand the lived experience of caring for those who are dying. What is your critique of the method the researcher used in the study?
The study methodology is not congruent with its stated philosophical approach.
In the results section of the qualitative research study five themes were identified. Under each theme there were many specific quotes that were attributed to the participants. After reading the results you felt like the themes were well supported by the data from the interviews. Which aspect of the critique does your finding support?
This study would be deemed credible as the results are based on the data.
In your literature search related to the long-term health outcomes of transplant survivors, you find an article titled, Accepting a different life: The lived experience of surviving cancer. What is the likely philosophical foundation of this study?
phenomenology
