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NURS 5432 UTA FINA 1 L00% REV VEIEWRI FIEWITHD! !CORRECT ANSWERS
Microcytic anemia - ANSWER Characterized by small, pale red blood cells. Hypochromic anemia - ANSWER Anemia with low hemoglobin concentration. Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) - ANSWER Caused by low iron intake or blood loss. Thalassemia - ANSWER Hereditary disorder affecting hemoglobin synthesis. Lead poisoning - ANSWER Toxic accumulation of lead causing anemia. Hemoglobin (Hgb) - ANSWER Protein in red blood cells carrying oxygen. Hematocrit (Hct) - ANSWER Percentage of blood volume occupied by red cells. Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - ANSWER Average volume of red blood cells. Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) - ANSWER Averageconcentration of hemoglobin in red cells.
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) - ANSWER Measure of variation in red bloodcell size.
Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) - ANSWER Measure of blood's capacity to bind iron.
Serum ferritin - ANSWER Indicator of stored iron in the body. Elemental iron dosage for adults - ANSWER 100 to 200 mg/day for iron deficiency. Elemental iron dosage for children - ANSWER 3 to 6 mg/kg/day for iron deficiency. Reticulocyte count - ANSWER Indicator of bone marrow response to anemia. IV iron therapy - ANSWER Used for patients intolerant to oral iron. Ferric carboxymaltose - ANSWER IV iron formulation given over 15 minutes. Lean body weight (LBW) - ANSWER Used to calculate required elemental iron. Desired Hemoglobin (Hgb) - ANSWER Target hemoglobin level in g/dL. Observed Hemoglobin (Hgb) - ANSWER Current hemoglobin level in g/dL. Ferritin level in IDA - ANSWER Low ferritin indicates iron deficiency anemia. Ferritin level in Thalassemia - ANSWER Normal ferritin despite low hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin electrophoresis - ANSWER Test to identify types of hemoglobin present. Elevated reticulocyte count - ANSWER Indicates increased red blood cell production. Hgb electrophoresis - ANSWER Test to identify types of hemoglobin.
presence of abnormal hemoglobin in beta-thalassemia. Lead poisoning - ANSWER Chronic disease from toxic lead accumulation. CDC definition of lead poisoning - ANSWER Level >5 mg/dl indicates lead poisoning. Sources of lead exposure - ANSWER Includes paint, soil, gas emissions, and remedies. Burtonian lines - ANSWER Bluish discoloration of gingival border due to lead. Sickle Cell Anemia - ANSWER Anemia caused by abnormal hemoglobin (Hgb S). Sickle cell trait (Hgb AS) - ANSWER Asymptomatic carrier of sickle cell gene. Sickle cell anemia (Hgb SS) - ANSWER Homozygous condition causing severe anemia. Vaso-occlusive crisis - ANSWER Severe pain due to blood vessel blockage. Fetal Fibronectin (fFN) - ANSWER Protein maintaining amniotic sac integrity. Management of Sickle Cell Anemia - ANSWER Includes hydration, pain management,and folic acid.
Indirect bilirubin elevated - ANSWER Indicates increased breakdown of red blood cells. Howell-Jolly bodies - ANSWER Nucleated red blood cells in asplenic conditions.
fFN testing - ANSWER Screening for preterm labor risk in symptomatic women. Pap smear - ANSWER Cervical cancer screening test for women. American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines - ANSWER Recommends Pap smearsstarting at 25 years.
Primary HPV testing - ANSWER Preferred method for cervical cancer screening for 5years.
Co-testing - ANSWER Combination of Pap smear and HPV test for 5 years. Cytology alone - ANSWER Pap smear without HPV testing for 3 years. Hysterectomy testing recommendation - ANSWER Not recommended if no history ofcervical cancer.
CIN I - ANSWER Mild dysplasia, changes limited to lower third epithelium. CIN II - ANSWER Moderate dysplasia, changes in lower two-thirds epithelium. CIN III - ANSWER Severe dysplasia, changes throughout entire epithelium thickness. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) organisms - ANSWER Includes Neisseriagonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis.
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) symptoms - ANSWER Grayish discharge, fishy odor, pH 5.0-5.5. Metronidazole treatment - ANSWER 500 mg PO BID for 7 days for BV.
Vaginal discharge characteristics - ANSWER Thick, white, curdy discharge incandidiasis.
Cephalexin - ANSWER Antibiotic for UTI, 250-500mg QID. Fosfomycin - ANSWER Single dose, safe for UTI in pregnancy. Doxycycline - ANSWER Alternative for patients with PCN allergy. Nitrofurantoin - ANSWER 100mg BID for 5-7 days, avoid late pregnancy. Amoxicillin/Clavulanate - ANSWER Augmentin, 500mg daily or 875mg BID. Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim - ANSWER Bactrim, 160mg BID for 5-7 days. Impetigo - ANSWER Contagious skin infection with red sores. Mupirocin - ANSWER Topical treatment for limited impetigo lesions. Retapamulin - ANSWER Topical antibiotic for impetigo, BID application. Cephalexin (Keflex) - ANSWER Used for numerous impetigo lesions, QID. Erythromycin - ANSWER Alternative for PCN allergy, 250mg QID. Topical Corticosteroids - ANSWER Used for various skin conditions, potency varies.
Helicobacter pylori - ANSWER Bacteria linked to peptic ulcers. Duodenal ulcer - ANSWER Most common type of peptic ulcer. Gastric ulcer - ANSWER Ulcer aggravated by food intake. PPI - ANSWER Proton pump inhibitors, first-line for ulcers. Omeprazole - ANSWER PPI, 20mg/day for ulcer treatment. Esomeprazole - ANSWER PPI, 40mg/day for ulcer treatment. Red flag symptoms - ANSWER Indicate serious complications in ulcer patients. CBC - ANSWER Complete blood count, used for diagnostics. Endoscopy - ANSWER Procedure for diagnosing ulcers after 8-12 weeks. NSAID-induced ulcers - ANSWER Often asymptomatic until perforation occurs. H2 blockers - ANSWER Histamine-2 receptor antagonists for acid reduction. Ranitidine - ANSWER 150 mg BID for treating acid-related conditions. Famotidine - ANSWER 20 mg/day for managing gastric acid secretion. CrCl <50 ml/min - ANSWER Reduce H2 blocker dose by 50%.
Epididymitis treatment without STI - ANSWER Levofloxacin 500 mg daily for 10 days. Epididymitis with STI - ANSWER Ceftriaxone plus doxycycline for treatment. Testicular torsion - ANSWER Acute pain due to interrupted blood flow. Prehn's sign - ANSWER Elevation of scrotum worsens pain in torsion. Absent cremasteric reflex - ANSWER No retraction of testicle upon thigh stimulation. BPH - ANSWER Benign prostatic hyperplasia; common in older men. Distended bladder - ANSWER Enlarged bladder due to urine retention. Non-tender prostate - ANSWER Prostate enlargement without pain or discomfort. Urinary symptoms - ANSWER Includes frequency, nocturia, dribbling, and retention. PSA test - ANSWER Prostate-specific antigen; >4 indicates disease. Alpha-adrenergic antagonist - ANSWER First-line treatment for urinary symptoms. 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors - ANSWER Medications reducing prostate size andsymptoms.
Orthostatic hypotension - ANSWER Drop in blood pressure upon standing.
Clue cells - ANSWER Vaginal epithelial cells indicative of bacterial vaginosis. Dementia - ANSWER Chronic cognitive impairment affecting memory and function. Alzheimer's Disease - ANSWER Most common dementia type; gradual memory decline. Vascular Dementia - ANSWER Dementia linked to cerebrovascular disease. Dementia with Lewy Bodies - ANSWER Dementia characterized by hallucinations andparkinsonism.
Pseudodementia - ANSWER Cognitive impairment due to depression. Cholinesterase Inhibitors - ANSWER Medications for mild-to-moderate Alzheimer'streatment.
Donepezil (Aricept) - ANSWER Start 5 mg; increase to 10 mg daily. Galantamine (Reminyl) - ANSWER Start 4 mg twice daily; extended-release available. Rivastigmine (Exelon) - ANSWER Start 1.5 mg twice daily; patch option available. NMDA Receptor Blocker - ANSWER Used for moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's cases. Memantine (Namenda) - ANSWER Start at 5 mg; titrate to 10 mg twice daily. Supportive measures - ANSWER Include exercise and social engagement for dementia.
Low albumin levels - ANSWER Linked to decreased hepatic flow in elderly. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - ANSWER Hormonal disorder causing anovulationand infertility.
Hirsutism - ANSWER Excessive hair growth in females, common in PCOS. Transvaginal ultrasound - ANSWER Used to visualize enlarged ovaries in PCOS. Serum testosterone - ANSWER Elevated in PCOS, indicating hormonal imbalance. Metformin - ANSWER Used to induce ovulation in PCOS patients. Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome) - ANSWER Genetic disorder causing developmental andphysical abnormalities.
Brushfield spots - ANSWER White spots on the iris, associated with Down syndrome. Trichomoniasis - ANSWER Sexually transmitted infection treated with metronidazole. Valacyclovir - ANSWER Antiviral for herpes suppressive therapy. ABCDE Criteria - ANSWER Guideline for assessing melanoma risk in lesions. Postpartum visits - ANSWER Assess maternal and infant health after childbirth. Iron storage in infants - ANSWER Important for preventing anemia in early life.
Dehydration assessment - ANSWER Key in evaluating health in infants and children. Menopause - ANSWER End of menstrual cycles, hormonal changes occur. Warfarin - ANSWER Anticoagulant heavily bound to plasma proteins. Topical steroids - ANSWER Used to reduce inflammation in skin conditions. Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria - ANSWER Recommended to preventcomplications in pregnant women.
