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NURS 5334 FINAL EXAM LATEST EXAM | ALL
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What is are some side effects of Clozapine? (4) ------CORRECT ANSWER- --------------Agranulocytosis Diabetes Dyslipidemia Weight Gain What medication is used to treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia? ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------Valbenazine followed by Deutetrabenazine What foods need to be avoided while on Levadopa/Carbidopa? ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------High protein diet needs to be avoided. High protein food can delay absorption It's safe to take a lot of Vitamin A while pregnant, True or False? ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------False, Vitamin A toxicity is Teratogenic What are two signs of Vitamin A Toxicity? ------CORRECT ANSWER--------- ------Liver injury Bone related disorders
Which antidepressant has the least amount of sexual side effects? ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------Bupropion Nonpharmalogical Management of Gout ------CORRECT ANSWER----------- ----Low Purine diet Joint rest Weight Reduction Fluid intake of 3Liters What is the first-line treatment for Gout? (Urage Lowering Therapy) ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------Allopurinol NSAIDS can be given to a patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis for pain and inflammation, True or False? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------True Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis should also be put on a DMARD to reduce joint destruction, True or False? ------CORRECT ANSWER------------ ---True Which one of these medications are considered First-line treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis for Moderate to Severe disease? A. Hydroxychloroquine B. Tramadol C. Acetaminophen D. Methotrexate ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------D. Methotrexate Methotrexate is first line treatment of rheumatoid arthritis for moderate to severe disease
Fibrates have little effect on LDLs, True or False? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------True What two Statins are best for Hyperlipidemia? ------CORRECT ANSWER--- ------------Rosuvastatin Atorvastatin What is needed for children with rickets for recovery? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Vitamin D What Foods would be suitable for chicken with Rickets for Vitamin D replacement therapy? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Fortified Foods Cereals Milk Yogurt Margarine Cheese Orange Juice What is the therapeutic use of Feverfew? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -----Migraine Prophylaxis What drugs are not able to be mixed with Feverfew? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Patient has an increased risk of bleeding in patients taking Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets Antiplatelets (Aspirin)
Anticoagulants (Warfarin) What is the therapeutic use of Coenzyme Q-10? (3) ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------1. Treat Heart Failure
- Muscle Injury caused by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
- Mitochondrial Encephalopathies (muscle and nervous system injury) What is a side effect of CoQ-10? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------GI Disturbances What drug does CoQ-10 interact with? ------CORRECT ANSWER------------- --CoQ-10 is structurally similar to Vitamin K and can have antagonizing effects on Warfarin Name three side effects of Vitamin B12 deficiency? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------1. Neurologic Damage: Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet
- Impaired production of white blood cells
- GI Disturbances: impaired absorption What natural supplement can help with Osteoarthritis of the knees, hips, and wrists? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Glucosamine/Chondriton Glucosamine/Chondriton can be used with someone that has a shellfish allergy, True or False? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------False, Glucosamine/Chondriton should be used with caution with people that have a shellfish allergy
An an opioid is taken while a patient is on Naltrexone the opioid will still have a euphoric effect, True or False? ------CORRECT ANSWER------------- --False, if an opioid is taken while a patient is on naltrexone, it will prevent a euphoric effect What is the correct way to apply Topical Glucocorticoids? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Topical Glucocorticoids should be applied in a thin film and gently rubbed into the skin. What is the dose of Terbinafine to give to Onchymycosis on one fingernail? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------250 mg daily for 6-12 weeks for fingernail What is the dose of Terbinafine to give to Onchymycosis on one toenail? --- ---CORRECT ANSWER---------------250 mg daily for 3-6 months for toenail What is the MOA of Denosumab? ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- inhibits binding of RANKL to RANK, decrease osteoclast maturation and formation, decrease bone resorption. How do Bisphosphonates work? ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- Inhibit osteoclast bone resorption Gallium Nitrate MOA ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------inhibits bone resorption
What's the ending that all Bisphosphonates have? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------- dronate What are three drugs that can be combined with Hydrocodone? (Pain Management Mod 3) ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Aspirin Acetaminophen Ibuprofen Benzodiazepines and CNS depressants can be paired with acetaminophen-hydrocodone, True or False? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------False, this could lead to respiratory depression Why would you give a patient Buprenorphine for maintenance once they recovered from opioid abuse? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Partial opioid agonist that activated opioid receptors but produces less degree of euphoria and physical dependence compared to a full agonist Why would you give a patient Naltrexone for maintenance once they recovered from opioid abuse? ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- Naltrexone is a opioid antagonist that blocks the euphoric and sedative effects of opioids. What are 3 side effects of Hydrocodone? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -----Constipation Respiratory depression Addition
Ace inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy. While treatment of heart failure during during pregnancy is best done by a special, which of the following drug classes are considered to be safe at least in the later parts of pregnancy? A. Diuretics B. ARBS C. Beta blockers D. Nitrates ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------C. Beta blockers What are the names of two medications that are safe for pregnant women? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Methyldopa and Labetalol are the traditional agents of choice for pregnant women Why can Methyldopa and Labetalol be used in pregnant women? ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------These drugs have limited effects on uteroplacental and fetal Hemodynamics and do not adversing effect the fetus or neonate Anticholinergics such as Trihexyphenidyl and Benztropine can help with drooling in Parkinson's patients, True or False? ------CORRECT ANSWER-- -------------True A patient with COPD comes in to the hospital for the second time for moderate exacerbation. The eosinophils are 312. What medication should this patient be on to manage symptoms? A. Salmeterol B. Formoteral + Albuterol C. Albuterol + Budesonide
D. Salmeterol + aclidinium + Budesonide ------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -----D. Salmeterol + aclidinium + Budesonide If Eosinophils are greater than or equal to 300, then you should consider a LABA+LAMA+ICS COPD Group A ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Broncodilator COPD Group B ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------LABA + LAMA COPD Group E ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------LABA + LAMA How does an increase percentage of body at effect the plasma level of lipid soluble drugs in an elderly individual? ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------
- The higher the body fat percentage the more the plasma levels of lipid soluble drugs will be reduced A decrease in lean mass causes concentration of water soluble drugs to be (inc/dec) in elderly patients? ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- Increased For elderly patients that are malnourished (low albumin level) free drug levels of protein binding drugs will (inc/dec)? ------CORRECT ANSWER----- ----------Increase
What does Gardasil protect against in Females? (4) ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58 Cervical Cancer Vaginal Cancer Vulvar Cancer Genital Warts What does Gardasil protect against in Males? (1) ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58 Genitals Warts What is the MOA of Haloperidol? ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- Blocking the dopamine D2 receptors in the brain, inhibiting the dopamine receptors help reduce the symptoms of psychosis such as hallucinations What are the adverse effects of Haloperidol? ------CORRECT ANSWER----- ----------Extrapyramidal Side Effects What is the MOA of Chlorpromazine? ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------
- Blocking dopamine D2 receptors in the brain What are extrapyramidal symptoms? ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- Dystonia Tardive dyskinesia Akathisia Pseudoparkinsonism
What is the MOA of Second Generation antipsychotics? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist and Serotonin 5- HT2A Receptor antagonist What are the endings of Atypical Antipsychotics? ------CORRECT ANSWER----------------pine
- idone
- zole Clozapine Risperidone Aripiprazole Name the adverse effects of Bisphosphonates? (8) ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Atrial Fibrillation Atypical Femur Fractures Esophageal Ulcers Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Ocular inflammation Hyperparathyroidism Renal Impairment What is the most common disease in menopausal women? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Osteoporosis What is the First-line treatment for GERD? ------CORRECT ANSWER-------- -------Diet and Lifestyle modifications with an Antacid
A. Amantadine B. Methyldopa C. Escitalopram D. Amitriptyline ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------A. Amantadine can help with dyskinesia in later stages What are some Adverse Effects of Phenytoin? ------CORRECT ANSWER--- ------------Nystagmus Sedation Ataxia Diplopia Cognitive impairment Gingival Hyperplasia What is an important piece of education that should be given to patients taking Phenytoin for Seizures? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Make sure to do thorough oral care due to Gingival Hyperplasia What occurs during a a Serotonin Crisis? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -----Starts 2 - 72 hrs after treatment Altered mental status Agitation Confusion Disorientation Hallucinations Myoclonus Hyperflexia Excessive sweating If a patient is experiencing serotonin syndrome, how do you resolve the issue? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Stop the medication
Name two Non-stimulant medication that can be given to a patient with ADHD? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Atomoxetine Viloxazine Name two Tricyclic antidepressants that can be used for ADHD? ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------Desipramine Imipramine Name 3 α-2 Adrenergic Receptor Agonists that can be used for patients with ADHD? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Clonidine Guanabenz Guanfacine What medication used for smoking cessation can also be used for an adult with ADHD? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Bupropion In males what do the α-1 receptors trigger? ------CORRECT ANSWER------- --------Ejaculation How does the activation of α-1 receptors affect the blood vessels? ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------Contraction How does the activation of α-1 receptors affect the eye? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Pupillary dilation
How does activation of the M1 Muscarinic receptors affect the body? ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------Salivary Glands GI Secretions CNS How does the M2 receptor affect the heart? ------CORRECT ANSWER------ ---------Decreases HR Decreases Conduction How do the M3 Muscarinic receptors affect the body when activated? (6) --- ---CORRECT ANSWER---------------Eye Constriction and Accomodation Lungs: bronchiolar contraction and secretion Promotes digestion increase motility and relax sphincters Increase Salivation Promotes voiding Increases sweating and lactation. What is the MOA of Bethanechol? ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- BethaneCHOL is a muscarinic agonist and activates the Cholinergic receptors. What are therapeutic uses for Bethanechol? (2) ------CORRECT ANSWER- --------------Treatment of urinary retention Stimulate intestinal Motility in people with Ileus Why is Bethanechol contraindicated in patients with asthma? ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------This medication constricts bronchi and brings about exacerbations of asthma
Why would Bethanechol be used post surgery? ------CORRECT ANSWER- --------------To get the patient to pee and poop Bethanechol can be used in patients with hyperthyroidism, True or False? - -----CORRECT ANSWER---------------False, Bethanechol can cause dysthymias in patients with Hyperthyroidism What is the MOA of Atropine? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Blocks the ability of Ach to bind to parasympathetics and as a result the sympathetic nervous system take over ↑ HR, BP, & SVR What are the pharmacological effects of Atropine? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Increased Heart Rate Decreased Secretions Relaxes Bronchi Decreases Bladder Tone Decrease GI Tract Motility How does Atropine affect people with asthma? ------CORRECT ANSWER-- -------------Atropine can worsen asthma. The drying of the secretions making it harder to breathe How can Atropine be beneficial to use for an eye exam? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Atropine dilated pupils in preparation for an eye exam
