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NURS | 5334 |Antimicrobials |EXAM | 1 | |with |
correct |answers |
Which |narrow |spectrum |antibiotic |is |good |for |strep |and |syphilis |and |contains |a |Beta |Lactam |ring |in | their |structure? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Penecillins How |do |Beta-lactam |antibiotics |work? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Weaken |the |cell |wall |causing |bacteria | to |take |up |excessive |amounts |of |water |and |rupture Other |than |penicillins |what |are |the | 6 |other |antibiotics |that |contain |a |Beta |lactam |ring |in |their | structure? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Cephalosporins | Carbapenems | Aztreonams Imipenems | Meropenems | Ertrapenem | Hint: |cephalosporin |and |the |-penems Which |penicillin |is |recommended |for |kids |but |is |often |dismissed |to |to |it's |bad |taste? |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-Penicillin |V Oxacillin/Nafcillin/Dicloxacillin |are |____ |resistant |Penicillins. |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Penicillinase Oxacillin/Nafcillin/Dicloxacillin |can |be |used |to |fight |against |which |two |gram |positive |bacteria? |- | VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Staph |Aureus |and |Staph |Epidermis What |is |the |result |of |rapidly |administering |Penicillin |G? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Hyperkalemia
Why |type |of |antibiotic |is |given |if |the |patient |has |an |allergy |to |penicillins, |but |is |avoided |if |patient |has |experienced |penicillin |induced |anaphylaxis? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Cephalosporins Which |three |antibiotics |are |effective |and |safe |alternatives |for |patients |with |a |penicillin |allergy? |- | VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Vancomycin | Erythromycin | Clindamycin What |are |the |two |Broad |Spectrum |Penicillins |that |has |the |same |antimicrobial |spectrum |as |Penicillin |G |plus |increased |activity |against |H. |Influenzae, |E. |Coli, |Salmonella, |and |Shigella |species? |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-Ampicillin |and |Amoxicillin What |is |the |two |main |adverse |effects |of |Ampicillin? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Rash |and |Diarrhea What |microbes |are |Piperacillin |effective |against? |(4) |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Pseudomonas |aeriginosa | Enterobacter | Bacterides |Fragilis | Klebsiella Cephalasporins |are |Beta-lactamse, |True |or |False? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-True Which |generation |of |cephalosporins |have |the |most |narrow |spectrum |and |typically |attack |Gran | Positive |Bacteria? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-First |generation Bactericidal |drugs |are |directly |lethal |to |bacteria |at |achievable |concentrations, |True |or |False? |- | VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-True Which |generation |of |cephalosporin |is |most |often |prescribed? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Third | Generation
Which |two |generation |of |Cephalosporins |are |rarely |used |for |ACTIVE |infection? |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-First |and |Second |generations ____ |generation |Cephalosporins |cover |Staph |and |Strep |and |are |mostly |used |for |surgical |prophylaxis. |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-First ____ |generation |of |Cephalosporins |covers |H. |Influenzae, |Klebseilla, |Pneumococci |and |Staphylococci | and |can |be |used |for |otitis, |sinusitis, |and |a |respiratory |tract |infection? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Second Which |class |of |Cephalosporins |is |the |preferred |class |for |treating |meningitis? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔- Third |generation Which |Cephalosporins |is |not |recommended |if |the |patient |has |cardiac |issues |such |as |atrial |fibrillation? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Ceftriaxone What's |the |name |of |the |category |of |antibiotics |that |is |broad |spectrum, |low |toxicity, |but |is |NOT |active |against |MRSA? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Carbapenems Which |Carbapenem |is |a |broad |spectrum |and |is |usually |given |with |Vancomycin? |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-Imipenem How |does |Imipenem |destroy |microbes? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Imipenem |binds |to |two |PBPs |(PBP1 | and |PBP2) |causing |weakening |of |the |bacterial |cell |wall |causing |lysis |and |death Which |Carbapenem |is |used |to |combat |Meningitsis? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Meropenem Which |Carbapenem |is |not |effective |against |pseudomonas-acute |pelvic |infection, |complicated |GI/GU | soft |infections, |and |CAP? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Ertapenem
Which |Carbapenem |attacks |intraabdominal |infections |and |some |complicated |UTIs? |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-Doripenem Which |Carbapenem |is |used |in |combination |with |ceftazidime |for |Intra |abdominal |infections |and |UTIs? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Acibactam What |class |of |antimicrobials |may |be |a |poor |choice |for |a |Dialysis |or |Renal |Patient? |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-Carbapenem: |they |are |renally |excreted |and |you |must |know |the |patients |GFR |and | creatinine |prior |to |prescribing Carbapenem |are |good |for |gram |neg |and |pos |Cocci |and |____. |(Aerobes |or |anaerobes) |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-Anaerobes What |is |the |mechanism |of |action |for |Vancomycin? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-inhibits |cell |wall |synthesis MRSA, |Staph |Epidermis, |and |C. |Diff |can |be |destroyed |by |this |narrow |spectrum |antibiotic? |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-Vancomycin When |giving |Vancomycin |for |C. |diff |what |route |do |you |need |to |prescribe |the |medication |for |the | patient? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Oral |route What |is |a |common |side |effect |of |Vancomycin? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Thrombophlebitis | Ototoxicity | Red |Man |Syndrome | Thrombocytopenia |(rare) Why |might |Vancomycin |be |a |poor |choice |of |antibiotic |for |a |Dialysis |patient? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔- Antibiotic |is |harsh |on |the |kidneys, Telavancin |is |effective |against |gram |negative |organisms |only, |True |or |False? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔- False, |gram |Positive |Only
Calcium, |magnesium, |iron, |and |antacids |should |not |be |taken |in |combination |with |what |class |of | antibiotics? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Tetracyclines How |did |Macrolides |work? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Inhibit |protein |synthesis Macrolides |can |be |used |in |patient |that |are |allergic |to |Penicillin, |True |or |False? |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-True Which |Macrolide |is |LEAST |likely |to |cause |QT |prolongation |in |patients? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔- Azithromycin Which |Macrolide |is |a |popular |choice |for |Whooping |cough, |chlamydil |infections, |M |Pneumoniae, | Group |A |Strep |Pyongenes? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Erythromycin Laura |took |Clindamycin |for |her |community |aquifer |MRSA |infection, |after |completing |her |treatment | she |started |to |have |chronic |abdominal |pain, |watery |and |mushy |diarrhea. |What |adverse |effect |could | Laura |be |experiencing? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Diff |infection Which |one |of |the |Macrolides |target |CAMRSA |and |VRE? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Linezoid |and |Tedizoid Why |would |a |patient |need |to |get |a |CBC |done |weekly |when |taking |Linezoid? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔- Linezoid |causes |bone |marrow |suppression |and |the |bone |marrow |is |where |the |RBC |are |matured Patient |with |myasthenia |gravis | Is |admitted |to |the |hospital |with |a |Strep |Pneumonia |infection. |What |antibiotic |that |targets |Strep | Pneumonia |could |be |an |issue |for |this |patient |due |to |its |black |box |warning? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔- Telithromycin Micheal |is |has |high |cholesterol |and |is |taking |Sinvastatin |for |his |routine |care, |which |category |of | antibiotics |should |he |avoid? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Microlides |(Erythromycin)
Baby |Julie |is |given |Chloramphenicol |for |a |life |threatening |emergency |infection. |She |has |abdominal | distention, |hemodynamic |collapse |and |very |pale |ashen |skin, |what |adverse |effect |could |she |have? |- | VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Gray |baby |Syndrome How |do |aminoglycosides |work? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-by |inhibiting |formation |of |the |initiation | complex |and |cause |misreading |of |mRNA. |Inhibiting |protein |synthesis Are |aminoglycosides |bactericidal |or |bacteriostatic? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-bactericidal Are |Aminoglycosides |narrow |or |broad |spectrum |antibiotics? |What |do |they |target? |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-Narrow |Spectrum | Target |Aerobic |Gram |Negative |Bacilli Gentamicin, |Tobramycin, |Amikacin |are |what |type |of |antibiotic? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔- Aminoglycosides What |two |body |parts |are |likely |to |be |damaged |if |Aminoglycosides |are |_____ |and |_____. |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-Kidney |and |Ear Why |do |Aminoglycosides |cause |neuromuscular |blockade |and |are |contraindicated |in |patients |with | myasthenia |gravis? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-They |inhibit |the |release |of |acetylcholine |which |causes | weakness |and |paralysis. |In |high |doses |can |cause |respiratory |paralysis Are |you |able |to |give |Aminoglycosides |to |a |patient |who |is |pregnant? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-No, | Aminoglycosides |have |a |teratogenic |effect When |should |peak |levels |of |Aminoglycosides |be |taken? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-30 |mins |after |giving | an |IM |injection | Or | After |completing |a | 30 |minute |IV |infusion
Which |Fluoroquinolones |inhibits |bacterial |DNA |gyrase |and |topoisomerase |II |in |order |to |destroy |a | bacteria? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Ciprofloxacin What |Fluoroquinolones |is |the |drug |of |choice |for |Anthrax? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Ciprofloxacin Which |second |generation |Fluoroquinolones |is |good |for |respiratory |infections, |UTI, |intractable | infectious |diarrhea, |pyelo |and |prostatitis? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Levofloxacin Which |second |generation |Fluoroquinolones |works |for |eye, |ear |drops, |skin, |lungs, |prostate, |and |UTI? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Ofloxacin What |does |Moxifloxacin |and |Gemifloxacin |treat? |(Third |Generation |Fluoroquinolone) |- |VERIFIED | ANSWER✔✔-Respiratory |infections The |Fourth |Generation |Delafloxacin |treats |infections |of |the |____. |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Skin Which |Fluoroquinolone |is |the |ONLY |drug |that |can |treat |Gram |Negative |UTI? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔- Nalidixic |Acid Why |should |we |refrain |from |giving |Nalidixic |Acid |to |children? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Cartilage | erosion |in |children Which |antibiotic |is |used |for |gut |and |Vaginal |infections |(Protozoal |infections, |anaerobes, |H. |Pylori, |C. | diff, |trichonanias, |and |BV) |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Metronidazole Do |not |use |Metronidazole |during |the |____ |trimester |of |pregnancy? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-First Amanda |has |an |uncomplicated |UTI, |she |is |allergic |to |sulfa, |nitrofurantoin, |and |is |currently |pregnant. | What |drug |should |you |recommend |for |her |treatment? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Amoxicillin | Clavulanate |
Cephalexin Prophylaxis |recurrent |UTIs: |Provider |would |give |Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole |how |frequently |for | how |long? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-3x |weekly |for | 6 |months Prophylaxis |recurrent |UTIs: |Provider |would |give |Trimethoprim |how |frequently |for |how |long? |- | VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-100mg |ha |for | 6 |months Prophylaxis |recurrent |UTIs: |Provider |would |give |Nitrofurantoin |how |frequently |for |how |long? |- | VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-50-100mg |hs |for | 6 |months
