Download NURS 5220 Exam 2 Module 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 Questions with Correct Answers 100% and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NURS 5220 Exam 2 Module 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
and 26 Questions with Correct Answers 100%
Accurately Rated (Score A)- University of
Minnesota
Mr. Tucker is a 56-year-old patient who presents to your office with a complaint of rectal pain. On examination you are palpating the lateral and posterior rectal walls. What should you expect to feel? A. A smooth, even, and uninterrupted surface B. Small nodules from internal hemorrhoids C. Tissue folds from the valves of Houston D. Bulging from the bladder wall A: CorrectThe walls should feel smooth, even, and uninterrupted. Mr. Yates is a 62-year-old patient who presents with a chief complaint of rectal pain. The examiner will focus the history and examination on which known fact? A. Rectal pain is almost always accompanied by an infection. B. Rectal pain is almost always an indication of local disease. C. A complaint of rectal pain is usually associated with a serious systemic process. D. One of the most common causes of rectal pain is prostatic enlargement.
B: CorrectRectal pain is almost always indicative of a local disease. Mr. Bower is a 78-year-old patient who is unable to assume a standing position for a routine rectal examination. Which is the best alternative position? A. Lithotomy position B. Left lateral position with the knees flexed C. Knee-chest position D. Prone position B: CorrectThe rectal examination can be performed with the patient in any of these positions: knee-chest; left lateral with hips and knees flexed; lithotomy, or standing with the hips flexed and the upper body supported by the examining table. A pregnant woman presents to the emergency department with the complaint of dark stools. She tells the examiner, "I read in a magazine that this is a sign of bleeding." Which question by the examiner is most applicable for this situation? A. "Where did you read that information?" B. "Have you been giving yourself enemas?" C. "How much fruit and vegetable intake have you had in the last few days?" D. "Are you taking prenatal vitamins?" D: CorrectDuring pregnancy, the stool color may be dark green or black if the woman is taking iron supplements.
B. It feels like the topside of a plastic LEGO piece. C. It feels like a small baseball. D. It feels like a pencil eraser D:. CorrectThe gland should feel like a pencil eraser—firm, smooth, and slightly movable—and it should be nontender. What is the best method of verifying anal patency in a newborn? A. Inserting a lubricated thermometer through the anus and into the rectum B. Inserting the fifth digit through the anus and into the rectum C. Checking for the passage of meconium in the first 24 to 48 hours after birth D. Inspecting the anus for an anal opening C: CorrectIf there is no passage of stool in 24 hours in a newborn, suspect rectal atresia, Hirschsprung disease (congenital megacolon), or cystic fibrosis. Mr. Santos is a 67-year-old patient who presents to your office. On examination, you palpate his prostate, noting that it is hard and irregular. The median sulcus is not palpable. These findings are consistent with: A. prostate cancer.
B. benign prostate hypertrophy. C. prostatitis. D. a rectal mass. A: CorrectWith cancer of the prostate, a hard, irregular nodule may be palpable on prostate examination. Mr. Mills, a 38-year-old patient, presents with severe rectal pain and fever. Which condition might be the cause of the symptoms? A. An imperforate anus B. A perianal abscess C. Benign prostatic hypertrophy D. An anorectal fistula B: CorrectPerianal abscess is an infection of the soft tissues surrounding the anal canal, with formation of a discrete abscess cavity. Symptoms include tenderness, fever, and pain on defecation or with sitting or walking. "Boggy, enlarged, and tender" on rectal examination is descriptive of which condition? A. Prostatitis B. Anorectal abscess C. Prostatic carcinoma D. Rectal polyp
The primary function of the rectum is: A. formation of feces. B. absorption of water. C. the absorption of nutrients. D. storage of feces. D: CorrectAbove the anorectal junction, the rectum dilates and turns posteriorly into the hollow of the coccyx and sacrum, forming the rectal ampulla, which stores flatus and feces. Hemorrhoids are: A. ulcerations of the anal ring. B. varicose veins in the anal region. C. inflammatory lesions of the anal region. D. precursors to rectal polyps. B: CorrectExternal hemorrhoids are varicose veins that originate below the anorectal line and are covered by anal skin. Internal hemorrhoids are varicose veins that originate above the anorectal junction and are covered by rectal mucosa. Mrs. Jackman brings her 6-year-old daughter in for an office visit. While examining the perineum, you observe hemorrhoids. This finding suggests:
A. sexual abuse. B. chronic constipation. C. a diet high in fibrous foods. D. an underlying problem such as portal hypertension. D; CorrectHemorrhoids are rare in children, and their presence suggests a serious underlying problem such as portal hypertension. When examining the prostate, you feel fluctuant softness. This finding indicates: A. prostatic abscess. B. posterior rectal wall neoplasm. C. prostatic hypertrophy. D. rectal prolapse. A: CorrectA prostatic abscess is felt as a fluctuant mass in the prostate. A patient tells the examiner that she has liquid stools containing small flecks of blood stained mucous. Stools of this type result from: A. amebiasis. B. excessive fiber intake. C. excessive dietary beef.
D. A mother tells the examiner that her 3-year-old child was sent home from daycare after two episodes of diarrhea. C: CorrectRectal examination is not always performed on infants and children unless there is a particular problem. An examination is required whenever there is any symptom that suggests an intraabdominal or pelvic problem, a mass or tenderness, bladder distention, bleeding, or rectal or bowel abnormalities. Prostate enlargement is determined by the: A. diameter of the rectum near the bladder. B. circumference of the prostate. C. estimation of the depth of the sulcus. D. protrusion of the prostate into the rectum. D: CorrectProstate enlargement is classified by the amount of protrusion into the rectum During a rectal examination, you find shelf lesions when you palpate the anterior rectal wall. What is the significance of this finding? A. A sexually transmitted infection exists. B. Peritoneal metastases are present. C. Houston valves have fibrosed. D. Fecal matter has been retained.
B: CorrectBecause the anterior rectal wall is in contact with the peritoneum, you may be able to detect the tenderness of peritoneal inflammation and the nodularity of peritoneal metastases. The nodules, called shelf lesions, are palpable just above the prostate in men and in the cul-de-sac of women. What information do you give the parents of an infant on whom you have done a rectal examination? A. Large amounts of mucus may appear in the stool for a day or two. B. Some bleeding and rectal prolapse may be seen right after the examination. C. Stool is likely to be black for 48 hours. D. Crankiness and lack of interest in sucking may occur for 12 to 24 hours. B: CorrectSome health care providers are reluctant to use the index finger because of its size, choosing instead the fifth finger; however, even with the smallest of adult fingers, some bleeding and transient prolapse of the rectum often occur right after examination. The absence of meconium stool passage in an infant may be indicative of: A. a pilonidal cyst. B. a perianal abscess.
D: CorrectA person with one first-degree relative with a history of prostate cancer has twice the risk of developing prostate cancer himself; the risk increases with more than one first-degree relative. Which is a possible explanation for an examination finding of "absence of the anal wink"? A. Upper motor neuron disorder B. Chronic constipation C. Pilonidal cyst D. Chronic abuse D: CorrectLack of contraction may indicate a lower spinal cord lesion or chronic abuse. Mrs. Black brings her infant son to your office. She tells you that his stools are thin, slimy, and brown to green. You explain that this is a normal finding for a: A. newborn infant. B. breastfed infant. C. 3- to 6-day-old infant. D. formula-fed infant. C: CorrectStools of infants 3 to 6 days old are transitional: thin, slimy, and brown to green.
Which statement applies to screening for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in men who have sex with men? A. Screening for common STIs should be done every 6 months if the man is sexually active. B. Regular screening should be done for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. C. HIV screening should be done if HIV serologic testing is positive or if the patient has not been tested within past year. D. Screening for gonorrheal pharyngeal infection should be done if the man has had receptive oral intercourse with a condom D:. CorrectTest for the following infection in men who have had receptive oral intercourse during the preceding year regardless of history of condom use during exposure: urethral infection and rectal infection with Neiserria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis; pharyngeal infection with N. gonorrhoeae. On rectal examination, you note a lax anal sphincter. This is an indication of which problem? A. Meckel diverticulum B. Volvulus C. Polyps D. Neurologic deficit D: CorrectA lax sphincter may indicate neurologic deficit or sexual abuse.
ou are planning to assess range of motion (ROM) in a 56-year-old patient with a complaint of joint pain. Which is an important fact related to this assessment that must be considered? A. The reverse tailor position is encouraged in adults with limited ROM to the hip. B. Active ROM is used to assess extremities with complete paralysis. C. Full muscle strength can be maintained with up to 75% of ROM to the related joint. D. Passive ROM is normally 5 degrees greater than active ROM. D:CorrectWhen assessing joint motion, both active and passive range of motion are examined. Passive range of motion often exceeds active range of motion by 5 degrees. The spine of a newborn infant is palpated and a split is noted in one of the spinal processes. Which problem does the examiner suspect? A. Bifid defect B. Lordosis C. Down syndrome D. Spina bifida A: CorrectPosition the baby with the trunk flexed, and palpate each spinal process. Feel the shape of each, noting whether it is thin and well formed, as expected, or whether it is split, possibly indicating a bifid defect.
For what are you testing when you hold an infant in vertical suspension with your hands under the axillae? A. Fracture of the clavicle B. Degree of muscle tone C. General muscle strength D. Hip dislocation C: CorrectGeneral muscle strength is evaluated by holding the infant in vertical suspension with your hands under the axillae. Adequate shoulder muscle strength is present if the infant maintains the upright position. If the infant begins to slip through your fingers, proximal muscle weakness is present. With an infant lying supine on the examining table, both knees flexed, feet flat on table, and femurs aligned, you note that one knee is higher than the other. Which would be a correct documentation of this finding? A. Negative Neer test B. Positive Allis sign C. Negative Gower sign D. Positive McMurray test B: CorrectThe test for the Allis sign is used to detect hip dislocation or a shortened femur. When one knee appears lower than the other, the Allis sign is positive.
B. Rheumatoid arthritis C. Severe osteoporosis D. Open fracture of the radius D; CorrectOsteomyelitis, an infection in the bone, usually results from an open wound or systemic infection. Mr. Bartlet is a 24-year-old patient who presents to your office with a complaint of knee pain. On examination, what degree of knee flexion is considered a normal finding? A. 15 degrees B. 90 degrees C. 130 degrees D. 160 degrees C: CorrectBend each knee. Expect 130 degrees of flexion. Which of the following is considered a normal finding for a woman in her eighth month of pregnancy? A. Stronger ligaments and spinal joints B. Hypercalcemia C. 25% loss of muscle strength D. Lordosis
D: CorrectThe growing fetus shifts the woman's center of gravity forward, leading to increased lordosis and a compensatory forward cervical flexion. Which factor can cause excessive hyperextension of the knee with weight bearing? A. Parrot beak tear of the medial meniscus B. Weakness of the quadriceps C. Displacement of the patells D. Presence of a Baker cyst B: CorrectExcessive hyperextension of the knee with weight bearing (genu recurvatum) may indicate weakness of the quadriceps muscles. We have an expert-written solution to this problem! When assessing for carpal tunnel syndrome, which structure is responsible for producing the Tinel sign? A. Dorsal aspect of the wrist B. Volar carpal ligament C. Radial artery D. Median nerve
