Download NURS 504 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM 2025-2026|ACTUAL 350Qs&As|GRADED A+|VERIFIED| and more Exams Pharmacology in PDF only on Docsity!
WCU NURS 504 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FINAL
EXAM 2025|ACTUAL 350Qs&As|NEW UPDATE 2025-
2026|100% VERIFIED|ALREADY GRADED A+
A client is being seen in the emergency department for a sprained ankle and is given a drug to relieve pain. When a second dose of the pain medication is given, the client develops redness of the skin, itching, and swelling at the site of injection of the drug. The most likely cause of this response is: Allergic response The nurse has administered a client's medication. What action should the nurse perform next? Assess for drug affects An older adult client has an elevated serum creatinine level. This client is at greatest risk for which medication-related effect? Toxicity What changes due to aging in the geriatric client may affect excretion and promote accumulation of drugs in the body? Decreased GFR
A client is receiving an antineoplastic medication for treatment of breast cancer and begins having tonic-clonic seizure activity. What type of toxicity does the nurse recognize that this client is experiencing? Neurotoxicity What client is most likely to have impaired drug metabolism? A client who has a diagnosed Hep C An elderly postsurgical client has developed postoperative pneumonia in the days following abdominal surgery and is being treated with a number of medications. Which medication that the nurse will administer has the slowest absorption? An oral antidepressant that the client has been taking for several years 15s Clients who use garlic with co-administration of antidiabetic drugs may run into which serious problem? hypoglycemia The nurse is called to a client's room 15 minutes after the client has received a new medication. The client reports pruritus as well as nausea. The nurse notes that the client appears pale, is sweating, and has begun to cough and wheeze. The
Which activity would the nurse expect to complete during the evaluation phase of the nursing process in drug therapy? Compare the expected outcome with the actual outcome During assessment, a nurse asks a client about any chronic conditions that might have an impact on the client's prescribed drug therapy. What issue, if reported by the client, would alert the nurse to a possible problem? Kidney disease diagnosed two years ago When describing the characteristics of the client who comes into the health care system today, which would most likely apply? The use of a complex array of OTC and alternative therapies Herbal Remedies Herbal remedies produce unexpected effects. Herbal remedies can interact with prescription drugs. Clients often do not mention their use to health care providers. The clinic nurse is assessing a client who reports taking ginseng recently. Which condition would the nurse take special care to check for in this client? hypoglycemia
The nurse is caring for a client receiving an aminoglycoside (antibiotic) that can be nephrotoxic. Which will alert the nurse that the client may be experiencing nephrotoxicity? a decrease in urine output The pharmacology instructor explains to the students that adverse effects can be extensions of: primary actions of a drug A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving magnesium. The nurse would be alert for which finding? depressed reflexes A client asks the nurse about herbal products that can help to lower serum cholesterol and triglycerides. Which herbal product would the nurse include in the response? Garlic
When a combination of drugs needs to be incorporated into the drug regimen for a hypertensive client, what type of diuretic is typically used to treat hypertension initially? thiazide How is the blood pressure affected by kidney function? kidney function alters sodium retention Upon her visit to the primary care provider's office, a female client presents with 14 pounds of additional weight since her visit 3 weeks ago. Her lower extremities are quite swollen, and her facial features are puffy. The provider prescribes a diuretic and requests a follow-up visit in 3 days. Two days later, the client contacts the office and is so dyspneic that she is hard to understand over the phone. An ambulance is dispatched, and she is admitted to the hospital for rapid diuresing. Which diuretic will most likely be the initial drug of choice? loop diuretic A client diagnosed with hyperlipidemia is prescribed a statin. The nurse is reviewing the client's history and would notify the client's health care provider if which condition was noted in the client's history? liver disease
When educating a group of nursing students on the mechanism of action of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) drugs, the nurse identifies what as the action brought about by aldosterone? causes sodium and water retention A client's serum cholesterol is 286 mg/dL. Lovastatin (Mevacor) is prescribed. The nurse plans care based on the fact that the action of lovastatin: inhibits production of cholesterol A patient who was diagnosed with hypertension and started on losartan calls the clinic 2 weeks after beginning the therapy. She reports to the nurse that she still feels "funny in the head" and that according to her daughter-in-law, who is a nurse and who is monitoring her blood pressure, her blood pressure is still high. The nurse will question the patient concerning taking her meds with grapefruit juice A 58-year-old man has recently been prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) in an effort to reduce his cholesterol levels. The man has acknowledged the potentially harmful effects of hyperlipidemia and is motivated to make changes to resolve this health problem. What advice should the nurse give to this client? its a good idea to keep your intake of saturated fats to a minimum
A 62-year-old man has been prescribed extended-release lovastatin. The nurse will instruct the patient to take the medication: at bedtime After teaching a group of students about angina, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students describe stable angina as: chest pain that is relieved by rest A nurse is providing patient teaching to a patient who has been experiencing unstable angina. What will the nurse's explanation of this condition include? There is a pronounced narrowing of the coronary arteries, and the heart is experiencing episodes of ischemia or lack of oxygen even when you are resting. The nurse teaches the client how to use topical nitroglycerin and includes what teaching points in the teaching plan? Select all that apply. rotate site of application, assess skin for breakdown, make sure no-one touches the side with the medication A male client is receiving heparin by continuous intravenous infusion. The nurse will instruct the client and family members to report what should it occur?
presence of blood in urine or stool In today's health care environment, there is often more contact between the client and the nurse than between the client and the health care provider. What does this put the nurse in the best position to do? Assess the therapeutic effect of drug therapy A nurse is assigned to care for a client in a health care facility. What is the nursing responsibility before administering a drug to the client? review subjective and objective data A nurse is caring for a 49-year-old client with acute gout and arthritis. The nurse interviews the client and checks the medical records. Which additional assessment should the nurse consider before medication administration teaching? examine the client physically A client has been prescribed an oral drug that is known to have a high first-pass effect. Which measure has the potential to increase the amount of the free drug that is available to body cells? administering the drug IV rather than orally When providing drug therapy to a client, what is a responsibility of the nurse?
A 59-year-old client is on warfarin therapy. On follow-up visits to the clinic, the nurse will assess the client's: A 60-year-old client experienced a sudden onset of chest pain and shortness of breath and was subsequently diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism in the emergency department. The client has been started on an intravenous heparin infusion. How does this drug achieve therapeutic effect? by inactivating clotting factors and thus stopping the coagulation cascade A 70-year-old resident of a long-term care facility has experienced increasing pain, swelling, and redness to her lower leg over the past 12 hours, prompting the care providers at the facility to have the woman brought to the local emergency department. Diagnostic testing has confirmed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and an IV infusion of alteplase (Activase) has been initiated. Unlike anticoagulants, a thrombolytic such as alteplase can break down existing clots A client is to receive abciximab. The nurse would expect to administer the drug by which route? IV
The most common adverse effects associated with antiplatelet agents are headache and dizziness. False; increased bruising and bleeding from gums when brushing or flossing A nurse is caring for a patient receiving the anticoagulant drug warfarin. What pre-administration assessments should the nurse perform before administering the drug to the patient? assess PT and INR A client is being sent home with subcutaneous heparin after a total hip replacement. The nurse understands what symptom would indicate a serious drug reaction? tarry stools Aspirin is the prototype anticoagulant. False: antiplatelet What effects are exerted by aspirin? anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic
falls The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension and recognizes this will have what impact on afterload? increased afterload A client who has been taking hydrochlorothiazide arrives at the clinic for his 1- month follow-up appointment. The client tells the nurse that he feels weaker since he began taking the drug. What should the nurse consider as a possible cause of these symptoms? hypokalemia A nurse is caring for a patient who has experienced a myocardial infarction. The patient asks the nurse to explain blood flow into and out of the heart. What will be included in the discussion? oxygenated blood from the lungs enter the left atrium through the pulmonary veins A client is diagnosed with atherosclerosis. What would the nurse say is the most likely cause of his angina?
decreased oxygen to the myocardium Beta-adrenergic blockers help to control angina but can cause: decreased heart contraction A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with primary hypertension. What nursing interventions should be included in the teaching plan? Select all that apply. regular exercise, diet with fruits and vegetables, cease smoking, reduce alcohol consumption what type of diet should a patient taking diuretics have Eat potassium-rich or low-potassium diet as appropriate What is the focus of the renal system's renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system? regulation of BP
A female client is started on warfarin therapy. The client asks the nurse why she is no longer on heparin therapy. What differentiates heparin from warfarin? heparin is administered parenterally, warfarin is administered orally The student nurses are studying the conduction system of the heart. The instructor explains that the electrical conduction of the heart usually originates in the SA node. What sequence completes the conduction? SA to AV to Bundle of HIS to Purkinje fibers Plasma Digitalis levels should stay under 2 A client with a history of heart failure is being treated with digoxin. The nurse knows that this medication increases the force of contractions of the heart. What effect improves the contractility of the heart? positive inotropic effect When administering digoxin (Lanoxin), the nurse would monitor the apical pulse for 1 full minute. The nurse should withhold digoxin (Lanoxin) and notify the health care provider if:
pulse is 54 BPM A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed a nasal decongestant. Which of the following factors should the nurse assess before administering the drug? BP A client has been prescribed an antihistamine for the treatment of seasonal allergies. What dietary guidelines should the nurse provide to the client? avoid drinking alcohol while taking antihistamines The nurse is reviewing with the client the three major layers of the heart wall and how they relate to the pericardium. What is the best description by the nurse to the client about the myocardium layer of the heart? thick, strong muscles make up the middle layer A 62-year-old client has been prescribed an antihistamine to alleviate vasomotor rhinitis. The client reports gastric irritation after taking the tablet. Which instructions should the nurse provide to help alleviate the client's condition? take the tablet with food
