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Nurs 360 Cardiac Question And Solution Paper 2024/2025, Exams of Nursing

University of San Francisco (USF)Nursing

Nurs 360 Cardiac Question And Solution Paper 2024/2025

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 09/08/2024

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Nurs 360: Cardiac
Arteries carry blood _______ from the heart and veins carry blood
_____ to the heart - correct answer away, back
What is the purpose of the systemic flow? - correct answer nutrients to
"serve" the cells
What is the purpose of the pulmonary flow/vessel? - correct answer
rid the body of CO2 and bring O2
What is the Sinoatrial node? - correct answer heart rhythm
What does the AV node do? - correct answer delays incoming
electrical nodes
What are Purkinje fibers? - correct answer myocardium ventricles
What machine measures the activity of the heart? - correct answer
Electrocardiography (ECG)
- records depolarization and repolarization
What is the cardiac cycle? 2 phases? - correct answer filling and
emptying of the heart's chambers
1. diastole: relaxation of the ventricles
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Nurs 360: Cardiac

Arteries carry blood _______ from the heart and veins carry blood _____ to the heart - correct answer away, back What is the purpose of the systemic flow? - correct answer nutrients to "serve" the cells What is the purpose of the pulmonary flow/vessel? - correct answer rid the body of CO2 and bring O What is the Sinoatrial node? - correct answer heart rhythm What does the AV node do? - correct answer delays incoming electrical nodes What are Purkinje fibers? - correct answer myocardium ventricles What machine measures the activity of the heart? - correct answer Electrocardiography (ECG)

  • records depolarization and repolarization What is the cardiac cycle? 2 phases? - correct answer filling and emptying of the heart's chambers
  1. diastole: relaxation of the ventricles
  1. systole: contraction of the ventricles describe systole: S1 "LUB" - correct answer - first sound
  • ventricles squeeze out blood to the body
  • sound created by AV valve closing (mitral and bicuspid)
  • higher pressure
  • best heard over apex of heart describe diastole: S2 "DUB" - correct answer - second sound
  • ventricles relax and fill with blood from left and right atria
  • sound created by semilunar valve closure (pulmonary and aortic)
  • more passive state
  • best heard at the base of the heart Describe the cardiac cycle - correct answer - deoxygenated blood dumped into right atria from superior/inferior vena cava
  • moves from right atria through tricuspid to right ventricle
  • moves from right ventricle though pulmonic valve into pulmonary arteries to lungs for oxygen
  • oxygenated blood goes back to left atria in pulmonary veins
  • moves from left atria through mitral valve to left ventricle
  • moves from left ventricle through aortic valve out aorta to the body

Where is the pulse of the carotid artery located? - correct answer between the trachea and sternomastoid muscle

  • correlates with S1 "lub" What do jugular veins do? - correct answer empty un-oxygenated blood directly into the superior vena cava
  • important indicator of Right-sided heart function (central venous pressure) T/F: the pulmonary artery returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium? - correct answer false
  • veins do not arteries What are COLDSPA questions? - correct answer - character
  • onset
  • location
  • duration
  • severity
  • pattern
  • associated factors what 4 things are you looking for when palpating pulses? - correct answer - rate
  • rhythm
  • amplitude
  • contour Describe the scale for palpating pulses - correct answer - 0+ absent
  • 1+ barely palpable/thready
  • 2+ normal
  • 3+ full volume
  • 4+ bounding what are normal and abnormal findings when auscultating the carotid artery? - correct answer - normal: no bounding, smooth upstrokes, no bruit, regular rate and rhythm
  • abnormal: bruit, bounding, tachycardia/bradycardia, irregular or irregular-irregular rhythm (uneven spacing) common findings of venous stasis - correct answer - pain with movement
  • warm/thick skin
  • brown pigmentation
  • edema
  • varicose veins
  • normal pulses common findings of arterial stasis - correct answer - ruber of dependency but allow with elevation
  • sharp pain with activity

what are 2 "extra" heart sounds - correct answer - S3: best heard at apex, slow, low pitched sound "Kentucky", ventricular gallop

  • S4: best heard over tricuspid or mitral areas, slow, low pitched sound "Tennessee", atrial gallop 7 locations to palpate pulses - correct answer - carotid
  • brachial
  • radial
  • femoral
  • popliteal
  • posterior tibial
  • dorsalis pedis What is edema - correct answer - excess blood/fluid can get trapped in the body tissues
  • often from being in a state of dependency, immobility, heart failure, lung disease When listening to heart sounds, you can hear S1 best in which location? - correct answer apex of the heart 2 types of valvular heart disease - correct answer - Stenotic valve (stenosis): valve does not open completely
  • Incompetent valve (regurgitation): valve does not close completely

2 shunts die to congenital heart disease - correct answer - Cyanotic: right to left- unoxygenated blood from the ride side of the heart to enter the left side and systemic circulation, patient is blue

  • Acyanotic: left to right: oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart or aorta flows back into the ride side, patients skin looks normal What is Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)? - correct answer failure of closure of then fetal ductus arteriosus
  • clinical manifestations: widened pulse pressure, bounding peripheral pulses, thrill at left sternal border, murmer What is angina pectoris? 2 types? - correct answer chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia
  • cause: reduced blood flow, demand of oxygen is greater than supply
  • unstable angina: prolonged/recurrent-even at rest
  • stable angina: pain precipitated by exception and relieved with rest or vasodilators (common and predictable) What is myocardial infarction (MI)? - correct answer occurs when myocardial ischemia is sustained resulting in death of myocardial cells What is an aneurysm? - correct answer localized dilation of artery caused by weakness in arterial wall When does heart failure occur? - correct answer when either ventricle fails to pump blood efficiently into aorta or pulmonary arteries