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NURS 247 Exam 3 Musculoskeletal Questions
With Complete Solutions
what parts of the body are included in the musculoskeletal system correct answer: bones, joints, muscles are bones alive correct answer: yes what are some processes that happen insides bones correct answer: RBCs produced in the marrow, osteogenesis what are the functional units of the skeleton correct answer: joints What binds bone to bone? correct answer: ligaments what binds muscle to bone correct answer: tendons what do ligaments prevent correct answer: undesirable movement what is the function of the MSK system correct answer: stand erect, movement, protect organs, etc what does bone marrow produce correct answer: RBCs, WBCs, platelets what is the production of blood cells called correct answer: hematopoiesis
what bones does hematopoiesis usually occur in correct answer: adults pelvis and children's long bones the MSK is a reservoir for storage of what correct answer: calcium and phosphorous what are the two types of joints correct answer: synovial and non synovial what are non-synovial joints united by correct answer: fibrous tissue how movable are non synovial joints correct answer: immobile or only slightly movable where is an example of a non-synovial joint correct answer: skull how movable are synovial joints correct answer: freely movable what is synovial fluid correct answer: oily substance that lubricates joints what is filled with synovial fluid correct answer: joint cavity in synovial joints, what covers the surface of opposing bones correct answer: cartilage example of ball and socket joint correct answer: shoulder, hip
How many sacral vertebrae are there? correct answer: 5 How many coccygeal vertebrae are there? correct answer: 3- what type of joint is the shoulder girdle correct answer: glenohumeral joint what is a glenohumeral joint correct answer: enclosed by a group of three to four muscles what is another name for the glenohumeral joint correct answer: rotator cuff what do ball and socket joints allow for correct answer: great mobility what three bones are in the shoulder girdle correct answer: humerus, scapula, clavicle what bones are being articulated at the elbow correct answer: humerus, radius, ulna What type of joint is the elbow? correct answer: hinge what landmarks need to be known on the elbow correct answer: medial and lateral epicondyles and olecranon process of ulna of 206 bones in the body, where are half them correct answer: hands and feet
what is being articulated at the hip correct answer: acetabulum and head of the femur what type of joint is the hip correct answer: ball and socket what landmarks are important to note at the hip correct answer: iliac crest, ischial tuberosity what is being articulated at the knee correct answer: femur, tibia, patella what is the largest joint in the body correct answer: knee what type of joint is the knee correct answer: hinge joint what type of movement does a hinge joint allow for correct answer: flexion extension what type of movement can the foot do correct answer: dorsi/plantar flexion, eversion, inversion, rotation what landmarks are important to note on the foot correct answer: medial malleolus and lateral malleolus what are the most important pieces of subjective data to collect in a MSK assessment correct answer: mechanism of injury, pain what other subjective data can be gathered in a MSK assessment correct answer: stiffness, swelling, heat or redness, limited movement, can you bear weight
what should you look for when inspecting the spine correct answer: straight, equal structure of body bilaterally, equal spaces between arms and lateral trunk, feet straight explain active, passive, and active assisted ROM correct answer: active - pt does it, passive - nurse does it, assisted - nurse supports joint while pt moves it what should you observe regarding ROM correct answer: pain elicited, crepitation, compare side to side are synovial membranes palpable correct answer: no if a synovial membrane is palpable what will it feel like correct answer: boggy explain the scale for assessment of muscle strength correct answer: 5 - full ROM against gravity, full resistance 4- full ROM against gravity, some resistance 3 - full ROM with gravity 2 - full ROM without gravity 1- slight contraction 0 - no contraction what is the get up and go test correct answer: stand up, walk 3 meters, turn around, walk back, sit down. all in 10 minutes when should fall risk be assessed correct answer: upon admission, each shift, with change in status
what are the two main fall risk scales correct answer: heinrich, morse A client has been rated as a high risk for fall. Which measures would be best instituted to keep this person from falling during the hospital stay. CHECK ALL THAT APPLY a. assign the pt a room close to the nurse's station b. ask the family to assist the pt if they get up c. keep the bed in low position with top rails up d. check on the pt at least twice during shift e. provide adequate lighting and clear clutter correct answer: A, C, E what does BMAT stand for correct answer: bedside mobility assessment tool what are the components of BMAT correct answer: safety screen, sit and shake, stretch and point, stand, walk what are some changes in aging adults that are expected correct answer: shuffling, bend at waist, push with arms from chair, roll to side to get up from bed what are some postural changes in the aging adult correct answer: decreased height, thinning of intervertebral discs, osteoporosis, kyphosis what is kyphosis correct answer: hunching of the back Mr. Hall is a 65-year-old gentleman. He was in a car accident 3 days ago. He had surgery for a radial fracture of the right arm
What is osteoarthritis? correct answer: deterioration of articular cartilage and subchondral bone Is OA symmetrical or asymmetrical? correct answer: asymmetrical Is OA unilateral or bilateral? correct answer: unilateral when is pain worse in OA correct answer: with activity what is a physical sign of OA correct answer: hard, body protuberances, spurs, Bouchard's and Heberden's nodes What is rheumatoid arthritis? correct answer: chronic autoimmune destruction of joint is RA inflammatory or noninflammatory correct answer: noninflammatory what becomes inflamed in RA correct answer: synovial tissue is RA symmetrical or nonsymmetrical correct answer: symmetrical Is RA unilateral or bilateral? correct answer: bilateral when is RA more painful correct answer: in the morning what are some physical signs of RA correct answer: ulnar deviation, swan neck deformity
A 31 year old female client is complaining of fatigue, pain, and stiffness in the joints that is worse in the morning but does improve after she is up moving. The nurse notes symmetric boggy joint swelling of joints in the hands. Identify the most likely cause of the client's symptoms. a. osteoarthritis b. RA c. ankylosing spondylitis d. osteoporosis correct answer: B The nurse is assessing the joints of a client who has reported, "I have a family hx of arthritis, and my knee hurts after I have been on my feet all day." The nurse suspects osteoarthritis. Which of the following characteristics would support this suspicion? Select all that apply? a. symmetric joint involvement is the common presentation b. asymmetric joint involvement is common c. the pt reports pain with motion of affected joints d. affected joints may have hard, bony protuberances when palpated e. affected joints reveal heat, redness, and a boggy sensation with palpation correct answer: B, C, D what is another name for olecranon bursitis correct answer: tennis elbow what are ganglion cysts correct answer: non tender nodule on dorsum of wrist
