Download NUR215 Exam 4 Review: Stress, Coping Mechanisms, and GI System and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NUR215 Exam 4 Review Completed Questions
And Answers A Graded
what is considered "too much" sleep and can be a maladaptive coping mechanism? over 8 hours of sleep what can social withdrawal lead to? depression what does maladaptive coping mechanisms put you at risk for?
- risk of a weakened immune system
- risk of infection what are physical signs of maladaptive coping mechanisms?
- tense facial muscles
- forcing a smile
what is ALTERING a stressor? taking action to change or remove the stressor what is ADAPTING to a stressor? changing THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIORS related to the stressor what is AVOIDING a stressor? ... avoiding it. ex. avoiding seeking medical attention or "putting it out of mind" what is MALINGERING a stressor? a conscious effort to use one's symptoms as an excuse to escape an unpleasant situation ex. using symptoms of an illness to get out of work what is eustress
examples of SITUATIONAL stress?
- tornado
- car accident what are examples of PSYCHOSOCIAL stressors?
- financial
- work related
- family
- living situations
- relationships what are PHYSIOLOGICAL stressors? affects body or body functions what are DEVELOPMENTAL stressors? these are predictable and occur at various stages of life
examples of DEVELOPMENTAL stressors?
- starting school
- moving out when you're older
- starting to work when dealing with coping mechanisms, what should you ALWAYS assess? assess support systems! what are some patient teaching points for stress reduction?
- diet and exercise
- nutrition
- encourage regular exercise
- 7 - 8 hours of sleep
- leisure activities
- time management what should you remember about NUTRITION and teaching points for stress reduction? limit intake of salt and sugar!
what are some examples of maladaptive coping mechanisms
- overeating
- oversleeping
- substance abuse
- social withdrawal
- too much caffeine what is the normal amount of sleep that a person should get? 7 - 8hrs of sleep what is ENCOURAGEMENT therapeutic communication? "you have the strength to get through this" empathy is better than sympathy!! sympathy = "pity" how do you know if stress is chronic?
if s/s occurs fr over 3 months s/s of chronic stress
- H/A
- decreased memory function
- constipated
- decreased energy
- decreased immune system what is role OVERLOAD? too many responsibilities or roles for one person what is role AMBIGUITY? lack of clarity or is uncertain about a specific role what is role STRAIN? frustration and anxiety then you feel inadequate for taking on a role
- vasoconstriction of blood vessels (which leads to hypertension!) *** Think: your heart is working harder in fight or flight mode what happens to a person's breathing rate during the alarm stage of the General Adaptation Responses?
- tachypnea
- increased breaths/minute what happens to GI motility during the alarm stage of the General Adaptation Responses?
- decreased GI motility *** Think: you're not worried about being hungry in fight or flight mode what two hormones are increased in the alarm stage of the General Adaptation Responses? cortisol and epinephrine what is happening to the bronchioles during the alarm stage of the General Adaptation Responses?
- bronchioles opening up *** Think: fight or flight = bronchioles open up to help you breathe in the General Adaptation Responses, the alarm stage triggers the ____ nervous system sympathetic what is happening in the resistance/adaptation stage of the General Adaptation Responses
- the body is attempting to cope and return to homeostasis
- the body is resisting the stressor what is happening during the recovery stage of the General Adaptation Responses?
- the body is having successful adaptation to the stressor
- the vitals are returning back to normal what is happening during the exhaustion stage of the General Adaptation Responses?
- this happens if recovery is not successful
what is happening in the cellular response of the Local Adaptation Responses? WBCs are being released serous clear sanguineous bloody drainage serousanguineous clear and bloody purulent containing pus name the parts of the small intestine in order duodenum, jejunum, ileum
name the parts of the large intestine in order
- ascending colon
- transverse colon
- descending colon
- sigmoid colon describe the stool if it were to come from closer to the ascending colon loose describe the stool if it were to come from closer to the sigmoid colon firm what are the functions of the GI system?
- digestion
- absorption of nutrients
- waste elimination
abnormal stoma purple and necrotic what is the first priority with an abnormal stoma? assess then call the doctor back! what are the symptoms if you're irrigating a colostomy too fast?
- nausea
- cramping what do you do if the patient starts to not feel well during colostomy irrigation slow down the irrigation.. lower the bag what is the guiac test?
- screens for colorectal cancer
- BUT a positive test (blood in the stool) does not always mean cancer what should you remember with a digital removal of stool?
- put a pulse ox on the pt in case they get dizzy
- you can accidentally stimulate the vagus nerve what indicates chronic constipation if it lasts for more than 3 months T/F: constipation is the same for everoyone false: you should always ask what a pt's normal BM habits are because it is NOT the same for everyone how many grams of fiber should a person have? 30g of fiber will help attract water to the stool to promote peristalsis .. also whole grains will help how much water should you drink in a day? 8 8oz glasses
how long should a pt retain a WATER enema? 10 minutes how long should a pt. retain an OIL enema? 30 minutes.. or as long as they can what is the expected outcome after administering an enema? the pt should have a bowel movement what do you do after the first enema is not successful? call doc and get another enema ordered if you dont already have an order how many enemas can you give a pt? no more than 3.. or else it will cause water and electrolyte imbalances purpose of the GU system
- excretes waste
- maintains fluid balance
- filters toxins out of blood
- fluid and electrolyte balance what is the normal urine 50 - 60mL/hr what is oliguria less than 30mL/hour for 2hrs what is polyuria excessive urination what is happening with end stage renal disease
- the kidneys aren't producing urine
- "anuria"
- pts. will usually have to go through with dialysis to filter out their toxins
