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NUR176 / NUR 176 Exam 1 (Latest 2025 /
2026): Concepts of Adult Health Nursing for
the Practical Nurse I | Complete Guide with
Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct - Hondros
Interventions to prevent diabetes - ANSWER Maintain healthy weight, diet and exercise Signs of type 1 diabetes - ANSWER 3 polys, blurred vision, cold feet, numbness, shiny thin skin w/ no hair, age 30 and under, sudden onset, underweight, Signs of type 2 diabetes - ANSWER No symptoms at first , later develop the 3 polys, obesity, Nigricans (black line on back of neck) skin tags S/S of hypoglycemia - ANSWER Fatigue, weakness, irritability, reduce cognition, tremors, seizures, diaphoresis( sweating) S/S of hyperglycemia - ANSWER 3 polys, fruity breath
S/S of diabetic ketoacidosis and treatment - ANSWER High BS, high HR, restlessness, weight loss, fruity breath, kussmaul(fast deep RR) -- treatments; IV regular insulin First intervention if a pt. Presents with s/s of hypo/hyperglycemia - ANSWER Check blood sugar Prevention of long term complications of diabetes - ANSWER Takes meds, daily feet care, yearly renal test, eye exams every 6 months, LDL less than 150 Dietary teaching for a diabetic patient - ANSWER Meals at the same time every day, decrease saturated fats, increase exercise , refer pt. To MyPlate learning tool, Diabetic Pt. should never increase carbs unless... - ANSWER Sugar is low before exercising Discharge teaching for diabetic pt. - ANSWER Know hypo/hyperglycemia s/s, know that stress and illness increase BS , see a diabetic educator, know what the effect of Exercise can have on Bs Diabetic foot care - ANSWER Clean w/ soap and warm water, clean socks everyday, cut toe nails straight across, keep feet dry, no powder or lotion b/t toes , wear shoes , inspect feet daily, no gardners
Onset, peak and duration of Novolog and Apidra - ANSWER Onset-15-30, Peak-1-3hr, duration-3-5hr onset, peak and duration of humalog - ANSWER Onset-15-30, Peak-1-2hr, duration-3-4hr Short acting insulin( regular) - ANSWER Humulin R, Novolin R, ReliOn R, Onset-30-60 , Peak-2-4hr, duration-6-8hr Intermediate insulin (NPH) - ANSWER Humulin N, Novolin N, ReliOn N, Onset-1-4hr Peak-4-12hr, duration-12-16hr Long acting insulin - ANSWER Lantus and levemir Onset-1-2hr, Peak- none, duration-24hr Which insulin is the only one that can be given through IV? - ANSWER Regular What is glucagon used for? - ANSWER Makes glucose. Received if BS is low If a pt. Is lethargic, what form of glucose should be administered? - ANSWER Glucagon gel in cheek
What is Lipohypotrophy and the prevention? - ANSWER Lump under subcut tissue due to repeated injections at the same site. Rotate sites S/s of brain tumor - ANSWER Vision changes, confusion and headache S/S of traumatic brain injury - ANSWER Blurred vision, personality changes, altered level of consciousness, slurred speech, confusion, headache, uncoordinated, weakness / numbness of legs and arms If someone hit their head, which test should be completed? - ANSWER CT scan to make sure there's no head bleeding Early signs of IICP - ANSWER Altered levels of consciousness Nursing interventions for mannitol & lasix - ANSWER Monitor I&O and electrolytes Nursing interventions for prednisone - ANSWER Monitor blood glucose and daily weight Glasgow coma scale measures .. - ANSWER Eye opening, verbal and motor response. A score less than 8 is considered in a coma
Main goal for dementia patients - ANSWER Maintain self care abilities and prevent injuries Nursing interventions for dementia patients - ANSWER Large clock and calendar, decreased distractions during meals, decreased stimuli, monitor weight How many pain assess menus are done for pt with dementia? - ANSWER 2 Interventions for an agitated dementia pt. - ANSWER Move pt. To a calm environment Reality orientation for dementia pts - ANSWER Be honest, call by preferred name, eye contact, set a routine , simple tasks and directions, familiar objects Safety interventions in the Alzheimer's pt. - ANSWER Calm environment, encourage supervision, allow social and physical activity Med for multiple sclerosis - ANSWER Copaxone Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal) - ANSWER Most common, stiffening of body for 10-20 sec. then jerking extremities for another 30-40 secs
Absence seizures ( petit mal) - ANSWER Occurs during childhood, stares off with little to no tonic-clonic movement Psychomotor (partial seizures) - ANSWER Occurs at any age, pt. Behaves in a drunk manner, doesn't remember Jacksonian-focal seizures ( local or partial) - ANSWER Occur in pts. With structural brain disease, starts in the hands or feet, can turn into tonic-clonic Myoclonic seizures - ANSWER Sudden jerking of body Akinetic seizures - ANSWER Not common, falls in flaccid state, unconscious for 1 or 2 minutes What med will a pt get with new onset seizures? - ANSWER Broad spectrum anti-seizure med Pt education related to seizures - ANSWER Keep long and recorded time and duration, any drowsiness , nausea and vomiting. Discharge education for a pt taking Dilantin - ANSWER Mouth care, avoid alcohol, no driving, use soft tooth brush
Level of Consciousness oriented to - ANSWER 1. Person 2. Person and Place 3. Person Place and Time. 4. Person Place Time and Purpose S/S Intracranial Pressure - ANSWER Increase in systolic b/p widening pulse pressure, bradycardia, irregular breathing pattern page 302 (cooper) Insulin - ANSWER Peptide hormone commonly absorb into patients blood stream. Given subcutaneously. (Also IV mixed with NS) When giving Insulin be careful to only inject into - ANSWER Subcutaneous tissue (between fat and muscle layer) page 1758 (cooper) Intractable - ANSWER Pain that is described as unbearable and does not respond to treatment. Diplopia - ANSWER Double vision NIHSS - ANSWER Stroke scale Characteristics of Parkinson's Disease - ANSWER Blank facial expression, Forward tilt to posture, slow monotonous slurred speech, tremor, short shuffle gait
Ischemic Stroke - ANSWER Deficient blood flow to the brain from a partial or complete occlusion of an artery. Either thrombotic or embolic account for 90% of all strokes (cooper 1938) Postictal Period - ANSWER Rest period of a seizures varies in length Epilepsy - ANSWER Chronic two or more unprovoked seizures Seizure - ANSWER A disorder in which nerve cell activity in the brain is disturbed, causing seizures. What is the action of glucagon? - ANSWER Increases blood sugar (blood glucose) What does the nurse record after a seizure? - ANSWER Duration and time, degree of drowsiness afterward, SE of N/V Can we restrain a pt having a seizure? - ANSWER No Can we place something in a pt's mouth to protect their airway? - ANSWER No
What do we monitor while pt on Mannitol (osmitrol)? - ANSWER I/O electrolytes What do we monitor for Dexamethasone and Prednisone? - ANSWER Monitor daily weight If pt complains of nausea and diarrhea while on glucaphage? (Metformin) - ANSWER Notify doctor. What are early signs of dementia? - ANSWER Gradual onset of memory loss, difficulty focusing attention What to check for after a fall? - ANSWER CT scan to be sure there is no bleeding. Vitals, head to to asses. Chart event what you seen. Guidelines for reality orientation - ANSWER Call pt by correct name or what they want to be called. Make eye contact. Converse about familiar subjects. Provide familiar objects in the environment. Be honest. Set a routine and be contestant.. Engage in familiar activities that have purpose. Huntington Diseases - ANSWER inherited disease that causes certain nerve cells in the brain to waste away. People are born with the defective gene, but symptoms usually don't appear until middle age.
Akinesia - ANSWER Abnormal state of motor and psychic activity The nurse is assisting in implementing care plan for a patient with dementia. Which interventions would you expect to see? - ANSWER Keep a large clock and calendar in view, reduce distractions during meal times, reduce exposure to over-stimulating situations, and monitor weight regularly for changes. Which of the following indicates that teaching on meningitis is understood? - ANSWER It is important that we vaccinate our son at the proper times, meningitis is contagious if exposed to the bodily fluids from another infected child, and if our child contracts bacterial meningitis, he will need antibiotic treatment immediately. The nurse is caring for a patient with alzheimer's who is stumbling in the hall frequently. The nurse will do which of the following to protect the client? - ANSWER Offer social or physical activity to promote safety, encourage staff or family supervision for safety, and maintain a calm environment for the patient. The LPN is preparing to DC a patient with Type 1 Diabetes. What teaching should the LPN provide? - ANSWER Effects of illness and stress on the glucose level, S&S of hypoglycemia, and effects of exercise on the glucose level Your patient is experiencing a new onset myoclonic (muscle-jerking) seizures. The nurse knows which one of the following statements are true about the seizure characteristics? - ANSWER Sudden excessive jerking of the body or extremities.
Patient received 20 units of Novalog sub-q at 0800. What time should the nurse assess for hypoglycemic reaction - ANSWER 1000 Nurse caring for patient with elevated ICP recently dx with a brain tumor. Using Tanner's model, which question should the nurse ask? - ANSWER Have you experienced any vision changes? Patient receives 25 units of Lantus at 2100. What time would the LPN expect to see it start working? - ANSWER 2200 LPN caring for patient who had a stroke 5 days ago. Pt. is nonverbal and does not appear to have understanding of instructions given. What will nurse suspect? - ANSWER Aphasia When providing care for patient with dementia, what is the priority goal to help the client? - ANSWER Maintain maximum self-care and prevent injuries. Patient has type II diabetes. Nurse is administering Lantus and regular insulin. How will the nurse administer it? - ANSWER Administer separately in two different syringes. The nurse is administering Decadron 60 mg PO to a patient admitted for cerebral edema. What should the nurse monitor for this patient? - ANSWER Daily weights
Nurse is caring for patient with Type II Diabetes prescribed prednisone (Deltasone for bronchitis. What is the included teaching? - ANSWER Increase insulin per sliding scale due to effect of hyperglycemia. Nurse teaching patient with newly dx diabetes on how to prevent lipodystrophy. Which indicates understanding of proper prevention? - ANSWER I will rotate my injection sites. Diabetic Type II in the ER lethargic and responding only to pain. What should the nurse do next? - ANSWER Give glucagon gel between cheeks and gums. Nurse is caring for a patient in the ER who has rapid onset tachycardia, restlessness, polyphasia, and a 10 lb weight loss in the last month. Labs are glucose-472, LDL 200, and GAD positive. What intervention should nurse plan to do? - ANSWER Inject insulin Newly dx pt. with diabetes instructed to obtain glucagon for emergency home use. He asks what the purpose is. Nurse's response should be? - ANSWER It is for the times when your blood glucose is too low from too much insulin. Nurse is caring for patient with diabetes type II who has lab results for HDL of 29 and triglycerides of 260. The nurse knows the Dr. will further assess for what? - ANSWER Insulin resistance. The nurse is administering medication to a client with new onset seizures. Client and family teaching will include which of the following? - ANSWER Initially, a single broad spectrum antiseizure medication will be used.
Donepezil (Aricept) - ANSWER used to treat mild to moderate dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease. improves the function of nerve cells in the brain. It works by preventing the breakdown of a chemical called acetylcholine. Dilantatin (phenytoin) - ANSWER is an anti-epileptic drug, also called an anticonvulsant Tegretol (carbamazepine) - ANSWER anticonvulsant. used to treat certain types of seizures (partial, tonic-clonic, mixed). Tegretol is also used to treat nerve pain such as trigeminal neuralgia and glossopharyngeal neuralgia.... Depakene ( valproic acid, Depakene) - ANSWER treatment of patients with complex partial seizures .Liver failure and death from liver failure has occurred in patients taking Depakene Ativan (lorazepam) - ANSWER is used to treat anxiety disorders. Valium (diazepam) - ANSWER used to treat anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal symptoms, or muscle spasms. Valium is sometimes used with other medications to treat seizures Acyclovir (Sitavig, Zovirax) - ANSWER Acyclovir is an antiviral drug. It slows the growth and spread of the herpes virus in the body. It will not cure herpes, but it can lessen the symptoms of the infection. Fastening blood glucose level - ANSWER Below 100
subdural hematoma - ANSWER collection of blood under the dura mater. may be classified as acute subacute or chronic. Battles sign - ANSWER bruising behind the ears, indicative of a basilar skull fracture would you give codenie to a patient with ICP? - ANSWER No. give nothing that would deress the respiratory system. With ICP mannitol and dexametheasone is given. Patient with head trauma experiencing drainage do you clean orifices? - ANSWER No. don't clean blood and serous drainage instruct patient to not cough, sneeze, or blow the nose Kernig's Sign - ANSWER person lie flat on the back, flex the thigh so that it is at a right angle to the trunk, and completely extend the leg at the knee joint. If the leg cannot be completely extended due to pain A sign indicating the presence of meningitis Brudzinski's Sign - ANSWER Severe neck stiffness causes a patient's hips and knees to flex when the neck is flexed. Patient ICP has increased and ordered a lumbar puncture to diagnosis meningitis would puncture be preformed? - ANSWER No. Page 1947 Copper
