Docsity
Log inSign up
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search Store documents

The best documents sold by students who completed their studies

Search through all study resources
Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

University Rankings

Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

From our blog

Exams and Study
Go to the blog

NUR 521 AVD PHARM BLUEPRINT EXAM 1 Blueprint Answers Minus the Prototype Drug List Questio, Exams of Nursing

Imperial College LondonNursing

NUR 521 AVD PHARM BLUEPRINT EXAM 1 Blueprint Answers Minus the Prototype Drug List Questions With Complete Solutions 2025 Graded A+ NUR 521 AVD PHARM BLUEPRINT EXAM 1 Blueprint Answers Minus the Prototype Drug List Questions With Complete Solutions 2025 Graded A+

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/04/2025

Nursmerrit
Nursmerrit 🇬🇧

5

(1)

1.5K documents

1 / 17

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
NUR 521 AVD PHARM BLUEPRINT EXAM 1 Blueprint Answers Minus the Prototype
Drug List Questions With Complete Solutions 2025 Graded A+
A drug that selectively stimulates muscarinic receptors is: - ANSWERS-Bethanechol
The side effect(s) of muscarinic agonists could be: - ANSWERS-- diarrhea
- bronchospasm
- vasodilationc
A drug that is topically used for treating glaucoma: - ANSWERS-carbachol
(T/F) A selective muscarinic agonist can stimulate skeletal muscle contraction. -
ANSWERS-False
(T/F) A direct-acting cholinomimetic drug mimics the action of acetylcholine by
inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE). - ANSWERS-False
Drug Y is an antagonist for muscarinic receptors. An effect of drug Y on heart can
be: - ANSWERS-positive chronotropy
Drug X blocks muscarinic receptors. An effect of drug X on eyes can be: -
ANSWERS-mydriasis
Drug Z is muscarinic blocker. The effects on most of the blood vessels can be: -
ANSWERS-no effect
WRONG options: vasodilation, vasoconstriction, atherosclerosis
The least favorite antimuscarinic drug used in COPD: - ANSWERS-ipratropium
A useful application for a muscarinic blocker can be: - ANSWERS-minor diarrhea
Atropine blocks: - ANSWERS-all M1-M5 receptors
The following muscarinic blocker can cross the blood brain barrier: - ANSWERS-
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff

Partial preview of the text

Download NUR 521 AVD PHARM BLUEPRINT EXAM 1 Blueprint Answers Minus the Prototype Drug List Questio and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NUR 521 AVD PHARM BLUEPRINT EXAM 1 Blueprint Answers Minus the Prototype Drug List Questions With Complete Solutions 2025 Graded A+ A drug that selectively stimulates muscarinic receptors is: - ANSWERS-Bethanechol The side effect(s) of muscarinic agonists could be: - ANSWERS-- diarrhea

  • bronchospasm
  • vasodilationc A drug that is topically used for treating glaucoma: - ANSWERS-carbachol (T/F) A selective muscarinic agonist can stimulate skeletal muscle contraction. - ANSWERS-False (T/F) A direct-acting cholinomimetic drug mimics the action of acetylcholine by inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE). - ANSWERS-False Drug Y is an antagonist for muscarinic receptors. An effect of drug Y on heart can be: - ANSWERS-positive chronotropy Drug X blocks muscarinic receptors. An effect of drug X on eyes can be: - ANSWERS-mydriasis Drug Z is muscarinic blocker. The effects on most of the blood vessels can be: - ANSWERS-no effect WRONG options: vasodilation, vasoconstriction, atherosclerosis The least favorite antimuscarinic drug used in COPD: - ANSWERS-ipratropium A useful application for a muscarinic blocker can be: - ANSWERS-minor diarrhea Atropine blocks: - ANSWERS-all M1-M5 receptors The following muscarinic blocker can cross the blood brain barrier: - ANSWERS-

scopolamine A patient with narrow anterior chamber angle needs a mydriatic drug for eye examination, we can give: - ANSWERS-tropicamide Darifenacin is effective in COPD because it: - ANSWERS-causes bronchorelaxation and decrease secretion A crop duster pilot has been accidentally exposed to a high concentration of a highly toxic agricultural organophosphate insecticide. If untreated, the cause of death from such exposure would probably be: - ANSWERS-respiratory failure Pyridostigmine and neostigmine may cause which one of the following in this patient? - ANSWERS-diarrhea (T/F) Atropine administration will strongly decrease gastric and pancreatic secretion. - ANSWERS-False Which of the following is incorrect about the parasympathetic NS? - ANSWERS- dilates pupils CORRECT options:

  • "rest and digest"
  • stimulates saliva and activity of GI system
  • contracts bladder What are the actions of the sympathetic system (select all that apply)? - ANSWERS-- increases heartbeat
  • inhibits activity of stomach and intestines
  • relaxes and opens airways Norepinephrine acts on all of the following receptors except? - ANSWERS- muscarinic 2
  • Acetylcholine chloride is not susceptible to cholinesterase
  • Carbachol chloride has more muscarinic action than nicotinic action This drug is a direct-acting cholinoceptor stimulant and a non-choline ester - ANSWERS-pilocarpine Muscarinic agonists cause - ANSWERS-increase in gastric motility Which of the following is true regarding muscarinic agonist effects in the bladder?
  • ANSWERS-promotes voiding of bladder Which of the following is true regarding muscarinic agonist effects on the heart and blood vessels? - ANSWERS-negative chronotropy Select all that apply: What is a clinical use of muscarinic agonist? - ANSWERS-- atony of stomach following surgical manipulation
  • smoking cessation Which statement is true about antimuscarinics in general? - ANSWERS-tertiary agents reach high levels in brain quickly (true, reach CNS within 30 minutes to 1 hour) INCORRECT options:
  • all are well absorbed (not quaternary because they have low lipid solubility)
  • most act like non-competitive antagonists (false, are competitive)
  • they block receptors in variety of organs, including liver (false, liver does not have parasympathetic innervation) Select all that apply: Which of the following may be symptoms of atropine poisoning? - ANSWERS-- mydriasis (blind as a bat)
  • dry eyes and mouth (dry as a bone)
  • urinary retention (cannot urinate)
  • delirium (mad as a hatter) What are clinical indications for antimuscarinics? (select all that apply) - ANSWERS-- Parkinson's
  • motion sickness What does NOT describe the effect of antimuscarinics on the eyes? - ANSWERS- cause miosis and mydriasis CORRECT options:
  • block M3 receptor
  • cause mydriasis and cycloplegia
  • dry eyes
  • precipitate or induce glaucoma Which of the antimuscarinics used for eye examination would be least preferred in someone with narrow angle glaucoma? - ANSWERS-atropine (duration of action = 5-7 days) What drug is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist used in COPD and would be considered less effective for treating this specific disease state? - ANSWERS- ipratropium non-selective, can also be used in asthma Which of the following does NOT describe the effects of antimuscarinics on the cardiovascular system? - ANSWERS-increase in blood pressure
  • At high concentrations, these agents may cause paralysis Match the drug with its correct application - ANSWERS-Edrophonium is used as a diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis Select the drugs that are used for patients with Alzheimer's - ANSWERS-- tacrine
  • galantamine
  • donepezil
  • rivastigmine True or false: The cause of death from anticholinesterase agents is respiratory failure - ANSWERS-True Which drug is used to treat anticholinesterase toxicity? - ANSWERS-Pralidoxime (cholinesterase regenerator) Which of the following are clinical uses of neuromuscular blocking drugs? - ANSWERS-- endotracheal intubation
  • control of ventilation
  • surgical relaxation
  • treating convulsions ACTIVATION OF NICOTINIC RECEPTOR STIMULATES SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACTION Which of the following statements are FALSE concerning nondepolarizing NMJ blockers? - ANSWERS-At low and high doses, they can easily be revers TRUE options:
  • must be administered via intravenous route
  • vecuronium and rocuronium are more clinically common than pancuronium
  • curarine is no longer used due to adverse side effects What statement is true about depolarizing NMJ blockers? - ANSWERS- Succinylcholine is the only clinically useful drug in this class Which of the following are not matched correctly to their side effect? - ANSWERS- hypokalemia (succinylcholine) CORRECT options:
  • cardiac arrhythmias (succinylcholine)
  • pancuronium (tachycardia)
  • tubocurarine (hypotension) Which of the following drugs do NOT interact with NMJ blockers? - ANSWERS- dantrolene (do not interact, used to treat malignant hyperthermia caused by the interaction between succinylcholine with volatile anesthetics Increased intragastric pressure is a side effect of - ANSWERS-succinylcholine Drugs used to induce local vasoconstriction include - ANSWERS-- phenylephrine
  • epinephrine
  • oxymetazoline Drugs used for treating mild to moderate hypertension include - ANSWERS-alpha antagonist Side effect(s) of phenoxybenzamine include - ANSWERS-- orthostatic hypotension

cause vasoconstriction --> increased peripherl arterial resistance --> dose dependent increase in BP used as hypotension treatment What is midodrine used for? - ANSWERS-orthostatic hypotension Which drug can be used in local anesthetics? - ANSWERS-epinephrine vasoconstricting effects that prolong duration of action of local anesthetics Which is/are a clinical application of alpha 2 selective agonists? - ANSWERS-- hypertension

  • sedation in ICU setting
  • glaucoma decrease sympathetic outflow --> decrease blood pressure Which drug is matched with its correct clinical application? - ANSWERS- xylometazoline - nasal decongestant Which of the following are ALPHA 1 selective antagonists? - ANSWERS-- prazosin
  • doxazosin
  • zosins Which of the following is a clinical application of ALPHA 1 blockers? - ANSWERS- urinary obstruction in BPH

smooth muscle relaxation in enlarged prostate

  • also used for HYPERtension and hypertensive emergencies, not hypotension alpha2 blockers: relatively little clinical usefulness Which of the following is NOT true regarding non-selective ALPHA antagonists? - ANSWERS-are used to treat hypertension due to reflex tachycardia
  • phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine What happens when the ALPHA 1 receptor is blocked? - ANSWERS-- decreases blood pressure
  • vasodilation
  • reflex tachycardia baroreceptors are stimulated by drop in BP and causes reflex tachycardia and increase in contractility Which of the following is FALSE concerning the ALPHA 2 blockers? - ANSWERS- block beta 1 receptors in heart beta 1 receptors are ACTIVATED by alpha 2 blockers --> increased heart rate, increased contractility, and increased cardiac output
  • only example: yohimbine Which is not a BETA 1 selective blocker? - ANSWERS-carvedilol

non-selective FIRST generation beta blocker and does NOT have ISA True or false: The autonomic nervous system is composed of two components - sympathetic (trophotropic) and parasympathetic (ergotropic). - ANSWERS-FALSE sympathetic - ergotropic ("energy") parasympathetic - trophotropic ("growth") Which of the following is an action of the sympathetic nervous system? - ANSWERS-airways opened and stomach activity/motility inhibited When acetylcholine acts on the M3 receptor, which of the following actions will NOT occur? - ANSWERS-heart rate slows When norepinephrine acts on BETA 2 receptors, which of the following does NOT happen? - ANSWERS-lipids are broken down in fat cells BETA 2 and BETA 1 receptors are predominantly found in which part of the body? - ANSWERS-heart Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of atropine? - ANSWERS-it is not well absorbed it is well absorbed! (tertiary)

  • quaternary antimuscarinic drugs are NOT because they are charged and therefore have low lipid solubility and low absorption What are the side effects of anticholinergic drugs? - ANSWERS-- blurry vision (blind as a bat)
  • flushing (hot as a hare, red as a beet)
  • constipation
  • confusion (mad as a hatter) Which of the following drugs may be used to treat Parkinson's tremors? - ANSWERS-benztropine Parkinsonian tremor due to TOO MUCH acetylcholine or excess of cholinergic activity A patient has severe narrow angle glaucoma and needs their yearly retinal examination. Which eye drop would you recommend to the ophthalmologist? - ANSWERS-tropicamide shortest duration of action (15-60 minutes) A patient has been diagnosed with COPD and requests an appropriate inhaler. Which is MOST appropriate? - ANSWERS-aclidinium Which of the following is FALSE regarding antimuscarinics? - ANSWERS-may be used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia may CAUSE urinary retention Which statement is FALSE regarding cholinergic poisoning? - ANSWERS- Pralidoxime can reach CNS very quickly does NOT enter CNS - atropine is preferred Which of the following are TRUE regarding the reversal of the nondepolarizing NMJ blockade? - ANSWERS-- neostigmine and pyridostigmine may be used because they inhibit acetylcholinesterase

Which of the following is true regarding M3 receptors? - ANSWERS-activation of M3 receptors will cause increased in smooth muscle contraction Which of the following is true regarding non-choline esters (alkaloids)? - ANSWERS-pilocarpine is well absorbed from most sites of administration True/False: Muscarinic agonists cause miosis. - ANSWERS-True Which of the following is NOT caused by muscarinic agonist effects in the eye? - ANSWERS-cycloplegia muscarinic agonists cause cyclospasm (near vision)

  • activation of parasympathetic NS Which of the following is NOT caused by muscarinic agonist effects in the GI tract?
  • ANSWERS-contraction of sphincters M3 receptor stimulation in GI tract will cause relaxation of sphincters Which of the following is an effect of muscarinic agonists? - ANSWERS-increased secretion of sweat glands Which drug can be used topically for acute close angle glaucoma? - ANSWERS- physostigmine What is cevimeline used for? - ANSWERS-treatment of dry mouth associated with Sjogren syndrome What is a possible side effect of muscarinic agonists? - ANSWERS-urinary urgency excessive parasympathetic effects Which agent is a reversible carbamate anticholinesterase? - ANSWERS-

physostigmine Which of the following is an effect of indirect-acting cholinomimetics/anticholinesterases? - ANSWERS-at higher concentrations, indirect-acting cholinomimetics may cause muscle fibrillation (spasms) Which drug is matched correctly with its clinical application? - ANSWERS- physostigmine - glaucoma Why is atropine used to treat anticholinesterase toxicity? - ANSWERS-tertiary amine drug - preferred to treat effects of anticholinesterase toxicity What is galantamine used for? - ANSWERS-Alzheimer's disease