NUR 3826 Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

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NUR 3 826 EXAM

( UF )

QNS & ANS

1. Define the term law and identify four sources of law creation Law is a system of rules that governs the behavior of individuals and groups in a society. Law can be created by different sources, such as legislation, judicial decisions, custom, and international treaties. Legislation is the process of making laws by a legislative body, such as a parliament or a congress. Judicial decisions are the interpretations of laws by courts and judges, which can create precedents for future cases. Custom is the practice of following unwritten rules that are accepted by a community or a culture. International treaties are agreements between two or more countries that establish legal obligations and rights.
2. Define the six classifications of law. The six classifications of law are:
   • Criminal law and civil law: These deal with the offences and disputes between individuals or the state, respectively.
   • Public law and private law: These regulate the relationship between the state and individuals, or between individuals themselves, respectively.
   • Substantive law and procedural law: These define the rights and duties of individuals, or the rules and methods for enforcing them, respectively.
   • Municipal law and international law: These govern the affairs within a state or between states, respectively.
   • Common law and equity: These are the sources of law derived from judicial decisions or principles of fairness, respectively.
   • Written law and unwritten law: These are the sources of law that are codified or uncodified, respectively.
3. Discuss the six procedural steps in the trial process. The trial process consists of six main steps: jury selection, opening statements, presentation of evidence, closing arguments, jury instructions and verdict. Jury selection involves choosing a group of impartial

from the accepted standards of practice. Causation means that the breach directly or indirectly caused the harm or injury. Foreseeability means that the harm or injury was a predictable or probable consequence of the breach. Injury means that the client or patient suffered physical, emotional, or financial harm. Damages means that the client or patient is entitled to compensation for the harm or injury.

7. Discuss defenses against nursing liability with documentation. Documentation is a vital tool for nurses to protect themselves from liability claims. Documentation should be accurate, complete, timely, factual, and consistent. It should reflect the nursing process, the patient's condition, the interventions performed, and the outcomes achieved. Documentation should also adhere to the standards and policies of the health care facility and the nursing profession. By documenting effectively, nurses can demonstrate their competence, accountability, and quality of care, as well as avoid potential legal pitfalls.
8. Summarize the guidelines for incident reports. Incident reports are documents that record and analyze any event that disrupts the normal operation of an organization. They help to identify the causes, consequences and corrective actions of the incident. The guidelines for writing incident reports are:
   • Write the report as soon as possible after the incident.
   • Use clear, concise and objective language.
   • Include the date, time, location and people involved in the incident.
   • Describe what happened, why it happened and how it was resolved.
   • Provide any evidence or supporting information, such as photos, videos or witness statements.
   • Recommend any preventive measures or improvements to avoid similar incidents in the future.

9. Analyze selected cases for the elements of malpractice. To analyze selected cases for the elements of malpractice, one must first identify the four elements that constitute a medical malpractice claim: duty, breach, causation, and damages. Duty refers to the standard of care that a health care provider owes to a patient. Breach means that the provider failed to meet that standard of care. Causation means that the breach directly or proximately caused the patient's injury or harm. Damages means that the patient suffered quantifiable losses as a result of the injury or harm. By applying these four elements to each case, one can determine whether there is a valid basis for a malpractice lawsuit.
10. Identify defenses against legal nursing liability Nurses can face legal liability for their actions or omissions in the course of their practice. To protect themselves from lawsuits, nurses should follow some basic strategies, such as:
    • Adhering to the standards of care and ethical principles of nursing
    • Documenting accurately and thoroughly all aspects of patient care
    • Communicating effectively and respectfully with patients, families, and colleagues
    • Obtaining informed consent and respecting patient autonomy
    • Participating in continuing education and staying updated on current policies and procedures
    • Seeking guidance and supervision when needed and reporting errors or concerns promptly
    • Maintaining professional boundaries and avoiding conflicts of interest
    • Carrying adequate malpractice insurance and seeking legal counsel if sued